Interlayer and intralayer co-modified flexible V_(2)CT_(X) MXene@SWCNT films for high-power Li-ion capacitors

As an emerging member of the two-dimensional(2D)material family,V_(2)CT_(X)MXene shows great potential in the application of lithium-ion capacitors(LICs)due to its unique structure and excellent electrical conductivity.However,severe nanosheets stacking and intra-layer transport barriers have limited the further development of V_(2)CT_(X)MXene-based materials.Herein,we prepared Kions and–O functional group co-modified V_(2)CT_(X)MXene(VCT-K)and further incorporated it with single-walled carbon nanotube(SWCNT),obtaining freestanding V_(2)CT_(X)composite films(VCT-K@C)with the 3D conductive network.Significantly,K+ions were introduced into V_(2)CT_(X)MXene to stabilize the interlayer structure and prevent the aggregation of nanosheets,the terminal group of–O was controllably modified on the surface of MXene to improve the Li+ions storage reversible capacities and the SWCNT acted as the bridge between MXene nanosheets to opens up the channels for ion/electron transportation in the longitudinal direction.Benefited from the synergistic effect of VCT-K and SWCNT,the VCT-K@C exhibits superior reversible specific capacities of 671.8 mA h g^(-1)at 0.1 A g^(-1)and 318 mA h g^(-1)at 1.0 A g^(-1).Furthermore,the assembled LICs with VCT-K@C anode coupling activated carbon(AC)cathode deliver an outstanding power density of 19.0 kW kg^(-1)at 67.4 Wh kg^(-1),a high energy density of 140.5 Wh kg^(-1)at 94.8 W kg^(-1)and a stable capacitance retention of 86%after 6000 cycles at 10 A g^(-1).Such unique structures and excellent electrochemical properties are expected to pave the way for the large-scale application in LICs of MXene-based materials.

Selective recovery of lithium from simulated brine using different organic synergist

The organic synergists, including Octanol, ethyl acetate(EA), butyl acetate(BA), methyl isobutyl ketone(MIBK),diisobutyl ketone(DIBK), N,N-bis(2-ethylhexyl) acetamide(N523) and 8-hydroxylquiolate, were added to the TBP–FeCl_3 extraction system to extract lithium from brine. The effects of concentration of organic synergist and total organic extractant, molar ratio of Fe/Li, phase ratio, counter-current extraction and the acidity of stripping agent on lithium extraction were investigated to optimize the extraction conditions. Under the optimize conditions, the results of counter-current extraction showed the mixed extraction system was the preponderance on the lithium extraction. Especially the separation of lithium in organic phase and aqueous phase and the separation mass ratio of Mg/Li increased greatly. An extraction mechanism was proposed based on the analysis of FT-IR spectra and Raman spectra.

Understanding of mineral change mechanisms in coal mine groundwater reservoir and their influences on effluent water quality:a experimental study

This paper presents results of an experimental study to characterize the law of mineral change of fallen rock in coal mine groundwater reservoir ant its influence on water quality.The minerals of the underground reservoir of Daliuta Coal Mine is taken as the research object.Simulation experiments were designed and conducted to simulate water–rock action in the laboratory.The mineral composition was analyzed by X-ray diffractometer(XRD),the surface morphology of the mineral was analyzed by scanning electron microscope(SEM),and the specific surface area,total pore volume and average pore diameter of the mineral were measured by fast specific surface/pore analyzer(BET).The experimental results show that the sandstone and mudstone in the groundwater reservoir of Daliuta Coal Mine account for 70%and 30%,respectively.The pore diameter is 15.62–17.55 nm,and pore volume is 0.035 cc/g.Its pore structure is a key factor in the occurrence of water–rock interaction.According to the water–rock simulation experiment,the quartz content before the water–rock action is about 34.28%,the albite is about 21.84%,the feldspar is about 17.48%,and the kaolinite is about 8.00%.After the water–rock action,they are 36.14%,17.78%,11.62%,and 16.75%,respectively.The content of albite and orthoclase is reduced while the content of kaolinite is increased,that is,the Na+content becomes higher,and the Ca2+and Mg2+contents become lower.This research builds a good theoretical foundation for revealing the role of water and rock in underground coal reservoirs.

Deep Multimodal Learning and Fusion Based Intelligent Fault Diagnosis Approach

Industrial Internet of Things(IoT)connecting society and industrial systems represents a tremendous and promising paradigm shift.With IoT,multimodal and heterogeneous data from industrial devices can be easily collected,and further analyzed to discover device maintenance and health related potential knowledge behind.IoT data-based fault diagnosis for industrial devices is very helpful to the sustainability and applicability of an IoT ecosystem.But how to efficiently use and fuse this multimodal heterogeneous data to realize intelligent fault diagnosis is still a challenge.In this paper,a novel Deep Multimodal Learning and Fusion(DMLF)based fault diagnosis method is proposed for addressing heterogeneous data from IoT environments where industrial devices coexist.First,a DMLF model is designed by combining a Convolution Neural Network(CNN)and Stacked Denoising Autoencoder(SDAE)together to capture more comprehensive fault knowledge and extract features from different modal data.Second,these multimodal features are seamlessly integrated at a fusion layer and the resulting fused features are further used to train a classifier for recognizing potential faults.Third,a two-stage training algorithm is proposed by combining supervised pre-training and fine-tuning to simplify the training process for deep structure models.A series of experiments are conducted over multimodal heterogeneous data from a gear device to verify our proposed fault diagnosis method.The experimental results show that our method outperforms the benchmarking ones in fault diagnosis accuracy.

Clinical Efficacy of Western Medicine Combined with Chinese Medicine for Pelvic Inflammatory Disease(Damp-Heat and Stasis Type)

Objective:This study was undertaken to evaluate the clinical efficacy of Western medicine combined with Chinese medicine for pelvic inflammatory disease(damp-heat and stasis type).Methods:Seventy-four patients who were diagnosed with pelvic inflammatory disease(damp-heat and stasis type)by our hospital during July 2021 to July 2022 were randomized into two groups:the participants in the control group received conventional Western medicine treatment,and the participants in the study group received Western medicine combined with Chinese medicine.Results:After treatment,the total effectiveness of the control group(72.98%)was significantly lower than that of the study group(94.59%),(P<0.05);the whole blood viscosity high cut,whole blood viscosity low cut,fibrinogen and plasma viscosity of the control group were all lower than those of the study group(P<0.05);the levels of CRP,IL-6,and TNF-αin the control group were higher and IL-2 levels in the control group were lower than those in the study group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Western medicine combined with Chinese medicine is more effective in curing damp-heat and stasis-type pelvic inflammatory disease by improving the blood rheological indexes and lowering the level of inflammatory factors.

Clinical Observation on the Treatment of Early Pre-Eclampsia Abortion with the Combination of Enhanced “Shou Tai Wan” Soup and Progesterone

Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy of the combination of enhanced“Shou Tai Wan”soup and progesterone in the treatment of early pre-eclampsia miscarriage.Methods:86 patients with early pre-eclampsia miscarriage in our hospital from July 2021 to July 2022 were selected and randomly divided into two groups of 43 cases each.The control group was treated with progesterone,while the study group was treated with an addition of enhanced“Shou Tai Wan”soup.The treatment effects of the two groups and the changes in the inflammatory factor levels and sex hormone levels before and after the treatment were observed.Results:INF-γand Il-2 were lower and IL-4 was higher in the study group than in the control group after treatment(p-value<0.05);the total effective rate of treatment was higher in the study group(95.35%)than in the control group(74.42%),(p-value<0.05);the levels of P,E2 andβ-hCG were higher in the study group than in the control group after treatment(p-value<0.05).Conclusion:The combined application of enhanced“Shou Tai Wan”soup and progesterone in patients with early preterm abortion is more effective by improving the patients’sex hormone levels and reducing the level of inflammatory factors,which is conducive to the improvement of the treatment effect and worthy of promotion.

Activated carbon fibers with manganese dioxide coating for flexible fiber supercapacitors with high capacitive performance

Fiber supercapacitor(FSC)is a promising power source for wearable/stretchable electronics and high capacitive performance of FSCs is highly desirable for practice flexible applications.Here,we report a composite of manganese dioxide(Mn O_2)and activated carbon fibers(ACFs)with high MnO_2mass loading and microporous structure(abbreviated as Mn O_2@ACF),which is used as a fiber electrode to produce a FSC with a high capacitive performance and a good flexibility.The MnO_2@ACF composite electrode in FSCs delivers an ultrahigh specific capacitance of 410 mF/cm^2at 0.1 mA/cm^2,corresponding to a high energy density of 36μWh/cm^2and high power density of 726μW/cm^2.Such high capacitive performance and simple fabrication method indicates that the Mn O_2@ACF composite is a very promising electrode material for flexible fiber supercapacitors.

Coking-resistant Ni-ZrO_2/Al_2O_3 catalyst for CO methanation

Highly coke-resisting ZrO2-decorated Ni/A1203 catalysts for CO methanation were prepared by a two-step process. The support was first loaded with NiO by impregnating method and then modified with ZrO2 by deposition-precipitation method （IM-DP）. Nitrogen adsorption- desorption, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, thermogravimetdc analysis, H2 temperature- programmed reduction and desorption, NH3 temperature-programmed desorption, and zeta potential analysis were employed to characterize the samples. The results revealed that, compared with the catalysts with the same composition prepared by co-impregnation （CI） and sequential impregnation （SI） methods, the Ni/A1203 catalyst prepared by IM-DP showed much enhanced catalytic performance for syngas methanation under the condition of atmospheric pressure and a high weight hourly space velocity of 120000 mL.g-1 .h-1. In a 80 h life time test under the condition of 300-600 ~C and 3.0 MPa, this catalyst showed high stability and resistance to coking, and the amount of deposited carbon was only 0.4 wt%. On the contrary, the deposited carbon over the catalyst without ZrO2 reached 1.5 wt% after a 60 h life time test. The improved catalytic performance was attributed to the selective deposition of ZrO2 nanoparticles on the surface of NiO rather than A1203, which could he well controlled via changing the electrostatic interaction in the DP procedure. This unique structure could enhance the dissociation of CO2 and generate surface oxygen intermediates, thus preventing carbon deposition on the Ni particles in syngas methanation.

Functional markers developed from TaGS3, a negative regulator of grain weight and size, for marker-assisted selection in wheat

The TaGS3 homoeologous genes(homoeologs)located on chromosomes 7 A,4 A,and7 D in hexaploid wheat were cloned.Relative expression analysis of the three Ta GS3 homoeologs revealed that the expression levels of TaGS3-4 A and TaGS3-7 D in developing grains were higher than that of TaGS3-7 A.Genetic evidence showed that Ta GS3 was a negative regulator of grain weight and grain size.Fifteen polymorphic sites and five haplotypes were detected in TaGS3-4 A.Two molecular markers were developed to distinguish the five haplotypes.Association analysis using 260 accessions from Chinese wheat mini-core collection(MCC)indicated that TaGS3-4 A affected thousand grain weight(TGW)and grain length(GL).HAP-4 A-1 and HAP-4 A-2 were favorable haplotypes that increased TGW and GL and had undergone strong selection during domestication of wheat.In addition,interaction of the TaGS3-4 A and TaGS3-7 D homoeologs had significant additive effects on the grain traits.Hap-4 A-1/Hap-7 D-2 was the best haplotype combination in increasing TGW and GL.The frequencies and geographic distributions of favorable TaGS3 haplotypes among 1388 wheat accessions from worldwide sources provided clues for selection of yield-related traits.Our findings demonstrated that TaGS3-4 A had significant effects on TGW and GL.Marker-assisted selection of HAP-4 A-1/2 combined with HAP-7 D-2 has potential to increase wheat yields.

Culture and Identification of Myoblasts Isolated from Duck Embryos

[Objective] Using embryonic myoblasts to research the formation and developmental mechanisms of skeletal muscle is becoming a research hotspot. This study aimed to establish a method of isolation, culture and identification of myoblasts in duck embryos. [Method] Pectoral and leg muscle samples were isolated from the embryos of Gaoyou duck at 13 d of hatching, then disassociated with collagenase and trypsin and purified via differential adhesion. The isolated cells were cultured in vitro and detected for the expression of Pax7 protein using immunofluorescence technique. [Result] Myoblasts were obtained successfully both from pectoral and leg muscles in duck embryos and these cells proliferated strongly and differentiated well. Immunofluorescence staining showed that more than 95% cells could express Pax7 protein. [Conclusion] In summary, we report the successful establishment of a complete system for the isolation, purification, identification and culture of myoblasts from duck embryos.

Engineering oxygen vacancies and localized amorphous regions in CuO-ZnO separately boost catalytic reactivity and selectivity

Generating different types of defects in heterogeneous catalysts for synergetic promotion of the reactivity and selectivity in catalytic reactions is highly challenging due to the lack of effective theoretical guidance.Herein,we demonstrate a facile strategy to introduce two types of defects into the CuO-ZnO model catalyst,namely oxygen vacancies(OVs)induced by H2 partial reduction and localized amorphous regions(LARs)generated via the ball milling process.Using industrially important Rochow–Müller reaction as a representative,we found OVs predominantly improved the target product selectivity of dimethyldichlorosilane,while LARs significantly increased the conversion of reactant Si.The CuO-ZnO catalyst with optimized OVs and LARs contents achieved the best catalytic property.Theoretical calculation further revealed that LARs promote the generation of the Cu3Si active phase,and OVs impact the electronic structure of the Cu3Si active phase.This work provides a new understanding of the roles of different catalyst defects and a feasible way of engineering the catalyst structure for better catalytic performances.

Colorectal cancer-derived extracellular vesicles induce liver premetastatic immunosuppressive niche formation to promote tumor early liver metastasis

Dear Editor,To date,the effect of colorectal cancer(CRC)-derived extracellular vesicles(EVs)on liver pre-metastatic niche(PMN)remain incompletely understood.1 To investigate the role of CRC-derived EVs in the remodeling of the liver PMN,we isolated EVs from CT26 cell culture supernatant.The characteristics of EVs(the morphology,size,and markers)were identified by transmission electron microscopy(TEM),Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis(NTA),and western blotting(Supplementary Fig.S1a–e).Then,BALB/c mice with an intact liver immune status were pretreated with CRCderived EVs and phosphate-buffered saline(PBS)for one month,and a liver metastasis model was established via spleen injection of tumor cells to determine whether EVs influence liver metastasis(Fig.1a).Two hours after the operation,in vivo imaging indicated that the animal model was successfully established,and the tumor fluorescence intensity in the liver was consistent between the two groups(Supplementary Fig.S2a,b).Amazingly,the liver tumor fluorescence intensity in the EVs group was significantly stronger than that in the PBS group after 24 h(Fig.1b;Supplementary Fig.S2c,d).The number of liver tumor nodules in the EVs group was also significantly higher than that in the PBS group on day 4(Fig.1c;Supplementary Fig.S2e,f).

CRISPR/CasΦ2-mediated gene editing in wheat and rye

The recent advancements in developing the CRISPR/Cas9 system and various derivative tools(e.g.,base editors)have accelerated basic plant science research and crop improvement by creating multiple types of genetic variations(Li et al.,2023a).

Single-cell transcriptomic profiling unravels the adenoma-initiation role of protein tyrosine kinases during colorectal tumorigenesis

The adenoma-carcinoma sequence is a well-accepted roadmap for the development of sporadic colorectal cancer.However,cellular heterogeneity in aberrant epithelial cells limits our understanding of carcinogenesis in colorectal tissues.Here,we performed a single-cell RNA sequencing survey of 54,788 cells from patient-matched tissue samples,including blood,normal tissue,para-cancer,polyp,and colorectal cancer.

Metabolomics investigation on antiobesity effects of Corydalis bungeana on high-fat high-sugar diet-induced obese rats

Objective:Corydalis bungeana(CB)is a well-used medicinal herb in Mongolian folk medicine and has been traditionally applied as an antiobesity agent.However,the evidence-based pharmacological effects of CB and its specific metabolic alterations in the obese model are not entirely understood.This study aimed to utilize untargeted metabolomic techniques to identify biomarkers and gain mechanistic insight into the serum metabolite alterations associated with weight loss and lipid metabolism in obese rats.Methods:A high-fat high-sugar(HFHS)diet was used to induce obese models in rats.CB extract was orally gavaged at 0.18,0.9 and 1.8 g/kg doses for six weeks,and feed intake,body weight,fat pad weight,and blood indexes were measured.Blood serum metabolites were evaluated by gas chromatography/quadrupole time-of-fight tandem mass spectrometry(GC-TOF/MS).Results:The results showed that compared with the obese group,the administration of CB extract caused significant decreases in body weight(P<0.05),feed intake,Lee’s index,and perirenal,mesenteric,epididymal fat weight.CB extract also reduced blood triglyceride and total cholesterol levels(P<0.05)of obese rats.Metabolomic findings showed that nine differential metabolites,including pyruvic acid,D-glucuronic acid,malic acid,dimethylglycine,oxoglutaric acid,pantothenic acid,sorbitol acid,fumaric acid and glucose 6-phosphate were identified under CB treatment and altered metabolic pathways such as TCA cycle,pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis,and glycolysis/gluconeogenesis.Conclusion:This study demonstrated weight loss and lipid lowering effects of CB on HFHS diet-induced obese rats and identified nine metabolites as potential biomarkers for evaluating the favorable therapeutic mechanism of CB via regulation of lipid and glucose metabolism.

Weak blind quantum signature protocol based on entanglement swapping

In this paper, we put forward a weak blind quantum signature scheme based on quantum entanglement swapping of Bell states. Different from the existing quantum signature schemes, our scheme can offer two-step verification security services to ensure the validity of the verification. In order to guarantee the unconditional security of the scheme, the quantum key distribution protocol and one-time pad encryption algorithm are employed in our scheme. Besides, the entanglement swapping of Bell states mechanism enhances the security of verification criteria. The proposed scheme has the properties of nonforgeability, nonrepudiation, lindness,and traceability.

基于网络药理学的蒙药肋柱花抗急性肝损伤作用机制研究

本文通过网络药理学和生物信息学研究蒙药肋柱花抗急性肝损伤作用机制,为进一步研究肋柱花治疗急性肝损伤等代谢性疾病提供参考。应用肋柱花抗D-GLa诱导的急性肝损伤模型大鼠,分析血清转氨酶和酶联免疫吸附法变化。采用TCMSP数据库及文献检索收集肋柱花化学成分及其对应的靶点,应用GeneCards和DisGeNET疾病数据库获取急性肝损伤(ALI)靶点,将肋柱花活性成分靶点与ALI靶点交集,所得到的靶点为肋柱花抗急性肝损伤ALI的靶点。利用Metascape数据库对共有靶点进行GO功能及KEGG通路富集分析,使用Cytoscape软件构建相关网络图,筛选主要核心成分及关键靶点进行分子对接验证。并用蛋白免疫印迹法(Western Blot)进一步检测大鼠肝脏中转录激活因子3(STAT3)、AKT1、CASP3的表达情况。血清转氨酶和酶联免疫结果显示肋柱花对D-GLaN诱导的大鼠肝损伤有不同程度的保护作用和抗炎作用。网络药理学筛选共得到肋柱花的10个活性成分及289个对应的靶点,急性肝损伤靶点843个,二者共同靶点89个,GO富集和KEGG Pathway分析发现共同靶点主要为癌症通路、PI3K-Akt信号通路、Ras信号通路、HIF-1信号通路、TNF-α信号通路、Toll样受体信号通路、MAPK信号通路、VEGF信号通路、p53信号通路、NF-κB信号通路等。分子对接结果显示,獐牙菜苦苷、木犀草素、山奈酚等核心成分能与EGFR、SRC、AKT1、STAT3、CASP3等靶点良好对接。蛋白免疫印迹结果显示,与正常对照组对比,模型组大鼠肝组织中的AKT1、STAT3和CASP3蛋白表达明显增加,具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与模型组对比,阳性组和肋柱花低、中、高剂量组肝组织中的AKT1、STAT3蛋白表达降低,具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与模型组对比,肋柱花中、高剂量组肝组织中的CASP3蛋白表达明显降低,肋柱花低剂量组肝组织中CASP3蛋白表达未见明显差异(P>0.05)。肋柱花是潜在治疗ALI的蒙药,通过多靶点、多途径干涉ALI的进展,其发挥治疗作用的机制可能与干预(STAT3)、AKT1、CASP3等靶点蛋白的表达及调控癌症信号通路、PI3K-Akt信号通路、TNF-α等信号通路进而抑制急性肝损伤和炎症反应有关。

具有三维传输通道的化学键合Ti_(3)C_(2) MXene@C复合材料促进混合电容器中的锂离子存储

锂离子电容器(LICs)是一种很有前途的储能装置,因为它们同时具有锂离子电池的高能量密度和超级电容器的高功率密度的特点.然而,由于锂离子电容器中阳极和阴极之间电化学反应动力学的不匹配使得探索具有快速离子扩散和电子转移通道的阳极材料面临挑战.在此,通过静电纺丝策略将具有可控末端基团的二维Ti_(3)C_(2)MXene引入一维碳纳米纤维中,形成三维导电网络.在这种Ti_(3)C_(2)MXene和碳基复合材料(称为KTi-400@CNFs)中,二维纳米片结构赋予了Ti_(3)C_(2)MXene更多Li+存储活性位点,而碳骨架则有利于提高复合材料的导电性.更值得一提的是,在Ti_(3)C_(2)MXene和碳骨架的界面上形成了Ti–O–C键.复合材料中的这种化学键为电子的快速传输和离子在层与层之间纵向的快速扩散建立了桥梁.因此,优化后的KTi-400@CNFs复合材料在电流密度为5 A g-1的情况下,500次循环后仍保持235 mA h g-1的良好容量.由KTi-400@CNFs//AC组成的锂离子电容器实现了高能量密度(114.3 W h kg-1)和高功率密度(12.8 kW kg-1).KTi-400@CNFs的这种独特结构和优异的电化学性能为二维材料制备提供了参考.

TabHLH95-TaNF-YB1 module promotes grain starch synthesis in bread wheat

Starch is the most abundant substance in wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)endosperm and provides the major carbohydrate energy for human daily life.Starch synthesis-related(SSR)genes are believed to be spatiotemporally specific,but their transcriptional regulation remains unclear in wheat.Here,we investigate the role of the basic helix-loop-helix(bHLH)transcription factor TabHLH95 in starch synthesis.TabHLH95 is preferentially expressed in the developing grains in wheat and encodes a nucleus localized protein without autoactivation activity.The Tabhlh95 knockout mutants display smaller grain size and less starch content than wild type,whereas overexpression of TabHLH95 enhances starch accumulation and significantly improves thousand grain weight.Transcriptome analysis reveals that the expression of multiple SSR genes is significantly reduced in the Tabhlh95 mutants.TabHLH95 binds to the promoters of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase large subunit 1(AGPL1-1D/-1B),AGPL2-5D,and isoamylase(ISA1-7D)and enhances their transcription.Intriguingly,TabHLH95 interacts with the nuclear factor Y(NF-Y)family transcription factor TaNF-YB1,thereby synergistically regulating starch synthesis.These results suggest that the TabHLH95-TaNF-YB1 complex positively modulates starch synthesis and grain weight by regulating the expression of a subset of SSR genes,thus providing a good potential approach for genetic improvement of grain productivity in wheat.

大花银莲花愈伤组织诱导及再生体系的建立

为建立野生大花银莲花(Anemone silvestris)组培再生体系,分别以无菌苗上、下胚轴、叶片和叶柄为外植体,探讨不同浓度植物生长调节剂对不同外植体的愈伤组织诱导、不定芽分化、增殖与生根的影响。结果表明,4种外植体均可诱导出不定芽,其中上胚轴诱导效果最佳,其在1/2MS+2.0mg·L^(–1)6-BA+0.1mg·L^(–1) NAA培养基中诱导率最高,为86.67%;最适增殖培养基为1/2MS+1.0mg·L^(–1)6-BA+0.05mg·L^(–1) NAA,增殖系数为3.67;最佳生根培养基为1/2MS+0.3mg·L^(–1) IBA,生根率为100%;在草炭:蛭石=2:1(v/v)的栽培基质中,组培苗的移栽成活率最高,为98.33%。该研究有效解决了野生大花银莲花在园林及药用生产上的种质资源紧缺难题,为工厂化育苗提供了技术支撑。