As indispensable components of superconducting circuit-based quantum computers,Josephson junctions determine how well superconducting qubits perform.Reverse Monte Carlo(RMC)can be used to recreate Josephson junction’...As indispensable components of superconducting circuit-based quantum computers,Josephson junctions determine how well superconducting qubits perform.Reverse Monte Carlo(RMC)can be used to recreate Josephson junction’s atomic structure based on experimental data,and the impact of the structure on junctions’properties can be investigated by combining different analysis techniques.In order to build a physical model of the atomic structure and then analyze the factors that affect its performance,this paper briefly reviews the development and evolution of the RMC algorithm.It also summarizes the modeling process and structural feature analysis of the Josephson junction in combination with different feature extraction techniques for electrical characterization devices.Additionally,the obstacles and potential directions of Josephson junction modeling,which serves as the theoretical foundation for the production of superconducting quantum devices at the atomic level,are discussed.展开更多
[Objectives] The antibacterial mechanism of protein hydrolysate from Ruditapes philippinarum( named RPPH) was studied in this article. [Methods]The integrity of bacteria's wall and membrane was determined by some t...[Objectives] The antibacterial mechanism of protein hydrolysate from Ruditapes philippinarum( named RPPH) was studied in this article. [Methods]The integrity of bacteria's wall and membrane was determined by some traditional ways. [Results]The growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis were inhibited by RPPH in the logarithmic phase. The activity of alkaline phosphatase could be detected in the culture solution. The results showed that the protein content and the conductivity of two kinds of bacteria increased with the extension of incubation time. The results of scanning electron microscope revealed that it emerged the phenomenon of agglomeration with the extension of response time in the culture solution of S. aureus,and the cell shape became irregular,a large number of cells stuck together,afterwards intracellular material was released from bacteria,and the boundaries among cells completely disappeared. The cell surface of B. subtilis became rough,the cells began to adhere,intercellular boundaries became blurred,subsequently cells broke,and then intracellular material leaked out after treating for 9 h. The form of B. subtilis could be roughly identified from the remnants of the bacterial debris,and most of the bacteria had been completely cracked and died. Transmission electron microscope results showed that the surface of S. aureus became rough,with uneven distribution of cytoplasm,and darker substances appeared in the middle,followed by leakage of large numbers of intracellular material. Massive cells became dead when treating for 9 h. B. subtilis cells began to shrink,and cytoplasm was distributed unevenly. The significant phenomenon of plasmolysis and rupture of cell wall could be observed. Afterwards,intracellular material spilled out,only the residual and ambiguity nucleoplasm area could be seen,and cells were killed. [Conclusions] Therefore,it was speculated that the RPPH could destroy cell wall and membrane of the two kinds of bacteria,change the permeability of cells membrane,result in the leakage of intracellular substances and enter within the bacterial cells to affect their normal physiological metabolism which led to death.展开更多
There is now general concern about widespread antibiotic resistance,and growing evidence indicates that gut microbiota is critical in providing antibiotic resistance.Honeybee is an important pollinator;the incidence o...There is now general concern about widespread antibiotic resistance,and growing evidence indicates that gut microbiota is critical in providing antibiotic resistance.Honeybee is an important pollinator;the incidence of antibiotic resistance genes in honeybee gut causes potential risks to not only its own health but also to public and animal health,for its potential disseminator role,thus receiving more attention from the public.Recent analysis results reveal that the gut of honeybee serves as a reservoir of antibiotic resistance genes,probably due to antibiotics application history in beekeeping and horizontal gene transfer from the highly polluted environment.These antibiotic resistance genes accumulate in the honeybee gut and could be transferred to the pathogen,even having the potential to spread during pollination,tending,social interactions,etc.Newly acquired resistance traits may cause fitness reduction in bacteria whereas facilitating adaptive evolution as well.This review outlines the current knowledge about the resistome in honeybee gut and emphasizes its role in antibiotic resistance dissemination.展开更多
Introduction:Since the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)in Beijing Xinfadi Wholesale Market,a series of COVID-19 outbreaks has indicated the threat of transmission due to outer surfaces of objects under l...Introduction:Since the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)in Beijing Xinfadi Wholesale Market,a series of COVID-19 outbreaks has indicated the threat of transmission due to outer surfaces of objects under low temperatures.Therefore,2 kinds of chlorine-containing disinfectants for−18℃and−40℃were developed in order to solve the problem of low temperature disinfection.Methods:The properties of two cryogenic disinfectants were evaluated by low-temperature test.Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were used as two indicator microorganisms to evaluate the effects of the two cryogenic disinfectants in the laboratory and field tests according to Technical Specifications for Disinfection(2002 version)and Test method for bactericidal effect of disinfectants in laboratory(GB/T 38502-2020).Results:Two disinfectants could remain in the liquid state at−18℃or−40℃in 72 hours without crystallization and precipitation,and the average log values of microbial reduction before and after disinfection(the average killing log value)both on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were>3 in the laboratory and field tests.Discussion:The results showed that these two disinfectants remained functional at low temperature to disinfect the packaging of imported cold chain food and surrounding packaging to prevent transmission of COVID-19 from material to people.展开更多
Summary What is already known on this topic?Hydrogen peroxide sterilizeation is widely used for luminal devices.However,the low penetrability of the sterilant is of major concern.What is added by this report?This repo...Summary What is already known on this topic?Hydrogen peroxide sterilizeation is widely used for luminal devices.However,the low penetrability of the sterilant is of major concern.What is added by this report?This report investigated the effective sterilization of low-temperature hydrogen peroxide gas plasma sterilizers and compared the applicability of different biological monitoring methods based on medical luminal devices.展开更多
Introduction:To explore the feasibility of pulsed ultraviolet(UV)light technology for low-temperature disinfection,a series of experiments were conducted.Methods:Pulsed UV technology’s effectiveness in disinfecting G...Introduction:To explore the feasibility of pulsed ultraviolet(UV)light technology for low-temperature disinfection,a series of experiments were conducted.Methods:Pulsed UV technology’s effectiveness in disinfecting Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative Escherichia coli on different carriers were studied under varying temperatures.Results:Under different temperatures and constant radiation illumination(i.e.,distance),the disinfection effect was correlated with irradiation time;among the three carriers,the disinfection effect of cloth sheets was the best,followed by stainless steel sheets,and corrugated paper sheet.The disinfection effect on Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli was better than that on Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus overall.Discussion:Temperature has a limited effect on pulsed UV disinfection.Irradiation times and carrier types are influencing factors.展开更多
CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome engineering technologies are now widely applied in various organisms,including mouse and human cells(Cong et al.,2013;Mali et al.,2013;Yang et al.,2013;Hsu et al.,2014).The most widely us...CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome engineering technologies are now widely applied in various organisms,including mouse and human cells(Cong et al.,2013;Mali et al.,2013;Yang et al.,2013;Hsu et al.,2014).The most widely used customized CRISPR/Cas9(Sp Cas9)is derived from Streptococcus pyogenes(Cong et al.,2013).展开更多
The sustainable development of the marine economic system to accurately grasp the dynamic evolution characteristics and main driving factors of the vulnerability of the marine economic system so as to effectively iden...The sustainable development of the marine economic system to accurately grasp the dynamic evolution characteristics and main driving factors of the vulnerability of the marine economic system so as to effectively identify the problems in the operation of the marine economy is extremely important.Based on the establishment of a three-level assessment index system for the vulnerability of the marine economic system,the vulnerability of the marine economic system of Jiangsu Province in 2008-2016 was evaluated by using the comprehensive index model and the catastrophe progression model,and the results were compared based on the unified evaluation criteria.The main influencing factors were analyzed by principal component analysis and Pearson correlation analysis.It’s found that 2014,2015,and 2012 are in a general state,2009 and 2010 are in a poor state,and the vulnerability state from 2008 to 2011 is lower than that in 2012.The overall volatility is small indicating a stable system.Among them,the scale of marine industry and profit and loss of marine resources are the main components of marine economic system vulnerability having the highest correlation with the vulnerability of marine economic system.This study enriches the theoretical method and empirical research on the vulnerability of the marine economic system and has practical significance in allowing for timely targeted control measures to affect the vulnerability of the marine economic system.展开更多
Since January 2020,the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)epidemic has been prevalent throughout China.Disinfection,as an effective measure to cut off routes of transmission,is crucial in addressing epidemics of infect...Since January 2020,the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)epidemic has been prevalent throughout China.Disinfection,as an effective measure to cut off routes of transmission,is crucial in addressing epidemics of infectious diseases.To further guide prevention and control of COVID-19 and on-site disinfection nationwide,the Program for Disinfection Technology in Special Places(first edition)has been developed on January 28.展开更多
To the Editor:Male breast cancer is relatively rare,accounting for just 1%of all breast cancer cases.[1]The management strategies for male breast cancer are mainly based on a limited number of retrospective studies an...To the Editor:Male breast cancer is relatively rare,accounting for just 1%of all breast cancer cases.[1]The management strategies for male breast cancer are mainly based on a limited number of retrospective studies and speculation based on female breast cancer.This study presents a comprehensive account of a decade-long observation of male metastatic breast cancer(mMBC)in our institution.The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University database had records of 2853 advanced breast cancer cases that were treated from January 1,2010 to December 31,2019.Out of the total number,18 cases were identified as mMBC.The analysis encompassed data about the treatment administered,the treatment’s effectiveness,and the patient’s survival outcomes.The present investigation entails a retrospective examination of our institution’s 10-year experience with patients diagnosed with mMBC and a comprehensive evaluation of relevant literature.展开更多
基金This paper is supported by the Major Science and Technology Projects of Henan Province under Grant No.221100210400.
文摘As indispensable components of superconducting circuit-based quantum computers,Josephson junctions determine how well superconducting qubits perform.Reverse Monte Carlo(RMC)can be used to recreate Josephson junction’s atomic structure based on experimental data,and the impact of the structure on junctions’properties can be investigated by combining different analysis techniques.In order to build a physical model of the atomic structure and then analyze the factors that affect its performance,this paper briefly reviews the development and evolution of the RMC algorithm.It also summarizes the modeling process and structural feature analysis of the Josephson junction in combination with different feature extraction techniques for electrical characterization devices.Additionally,the obstacles and potential directions of Josephson junction modeling,which serves as the theoretical foundation for the production of superconducting quantum devices at the atomic level,are discussed.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Fund of China(31301587)
文摘[Objectives] The antibacterial mechanism of protein hydrolysate from Ruditapes philippinarum( named RPPH) was studied in this article. [Methods]The integrity of bacteria's wall and membrane was determined by some traditional ways. [Results]The growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis were inhibited by RPPH in the logarithmic phase. The activity of alkaline phosphatase could be detected in the culture solution. The results showed that the protein content and the conductivity of two kinds of bacteria increased with the extension of incubation time. The results of scanning electron microscope revealed that it emerged the phenomenon of agglomeration with the extension of response time in the culture solution of S. aureus,and the cell shape became irregular,a large number of cells stuck together,afterwards intracellular material was released from bacteria,and the boundaries among cells completely disappeared. The cell surface of B. subtilis became rough,the cells began to adhere,intercellular boundaries became blurred,subsequently cells broke,and then intracellular material leaked out after treating for 9 h. The form of B. subtilis could be roughly identified from the remnants of the bacterial debris,and most of the bacteria had been completely cracked and died. Transmission electron microscope results showed that the surface of S. aureus became rough,with uneven distribution of cytoplasm,and darker substances appeared in the middle,followed by leakage of large numbers of intracellular material. Massive cells became dead when treating for 9 h. B. subtilis cells began to shrink,and cytoplasm was distributed unevenly. The significant phenomenon of plasmolysis and rupture of cell wall could be observed. Afterwards,intracellular material spilled out,only the residual and ambiguity nucleoplasm area could be seen,and cells were killed. [Conclusions] Therefore,it was speculated that the RPPH could destroy cell wall and membrane of the two kinds of bacteria,change the permeability of cells membrane,result in the leakage of intracellular substances and enter within the bacterial cells to affect their normal physiological metabolism which led to death.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China Projects 32000346 and 32170495.
文摘There is now general concern about widespread antibiotic resistance,and growing evidence indicates that gut microbiota is critical in providing antibiotic resistance.Honeybee is an important pollinator;the incidence of antibiotic resistance genes in honeybee gut causes potential risks to not only its own health but also to public and animal health,for its potential disseminator role,thus receiving more attention from the public.Recent analysis results reveal that the gut of honeybee serves as a reservoir of antibiotic resistance genes,probably due to antibiotics application history in beekeeping and horizontal gene transfer from the highly polluted environment.These antibiotic resistance genes accumulate in the honeybee gut and could be transferred to the pathogen,even having the potential to spread during pollination,tending,social interactions,etc.Newly acquired resistance traits may cause fitness reduction in bacteria whereas facilitating adaptive evolution as well.This review outlines the current knowledge about the resistome in honeybee gut and emphasizes its role in antibiotic resistance dissemination.
文摘Introduction:Since the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)in Beijing Xinfadi Wholesale Market,a series of COVID-19 outbreaks has indicated the threat of transmission due to outer surfaces of objects under low temperatures.Therefore,2 kinds of chlorine-containing disinfectants for−18℃and−40℃were developed in order to solve the problem of low temperature disinfection.Methods:The properties of two cryogenic disinfectants were evaluated by low-temperature test.Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were used as two indicator microorganisms to evaluate the effects of the two cryogenic disinfectants in the laboratory and field tests according to Technical Specifications for Disinfection(2002 version)and Test method for bactericidal effect of disinfectants in laboratory(GB/T 38502-2020).Results:Two disinfectants could remain in the liquid state at−18℃or−40℃in 72 hours without crystallization and precipitation,and the average log values of microbial reduction before and after disinfection(the average killing log value)both on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were>3 in the laboratory and field tests.Discussion:The results showed that these two disinfectants remained functional at low temperature to disinfect the packaging of imported cold chain food and surrounding packaging to prevent transmission of COVID-19 from material to people.
基金The“National Surveillance Program for Hospital Disinfection and Sterilization Effects and Nosocomial Infection”.
文摘Summary What is already known on this topic?Hydrogen peroxide sterilizeation is widely used for luminal devices.However,the low penetrability of the sterilant is of major concern.What is added by this report?This report investigated the effective sterilization of low-temperature hydrogen peroxide gas plasma sterilizers and compared the applicability of different biological monitoring methods based on medical luminal devices.
文摘Introduction:To explore the feasibility of pulsed ultraviolet(UV)light technology for low-temperature disinfection,a series of experiments were conducted.Methods:Pulsed UV technology’s effectiveness in disinfecting Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative Escherichia coli on different carriers were studied under varying temperatures.Results:Under different temperatures and constant radiation illumination(i.e.,distance),the disinfection effect was correlated with irradiation time;among the three carriers,the disinfection effect of cloth sheets was the best,followed by stainless steel sheets,and corrugated paper sheet.The disinfection effect on Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli was better than that on Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus overall.Discussion:Temperature has a limited effect on pulsed UV disinfection.Irradiation times and carrier types are influencing factors.
基金supported by the grants from the Natural Science Foundation of China (No.81201181 to F.G.81473295 and 81670882 to Z.M.S and 81700885 to X.L.G.)+5 种基金Zhejiang Provincial & Ministry of Health research fund for medical sciences (WKJ2013-2-023 to F.G.WKJ-ZJ-1828 to J.Z.Z.and 2016KYA145 to X.L.G.)Science Technology Project of Zhejiang Province (2014C33260 to Z.M.S.and 2017C37176 to F.G.)Eye Hospital at Wenzhou Medical University (YNZD201602 to F.G.)Wenzhou City (Y20160008 to J.Z.Z.)Research Fund for Lin He's Academician Workstation of New Medicine and Clinical Translation (17331209 to C.B.L.)
文摘CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome engineering technologies are now widely applied in various organisms,including mouse and human cells(Cong et al.,2013;Mali et al.,2013;Yang et al.,2013;Hsu et al.,2014).The most widely used customized CRISPR/Cas9(Sp Cas9)is derived from Streptococcus pyogenes(Cong et al.,2013).
基金This work was supported by the Jiangsu Social Science Fund[Research on temporal and spatial differentiation of vulnerability of marine economic system and its driving factors 19GLC013]Youth teacher research and development project of Nanjing Audit University[Selection and construction of evaluation index system for marine resources development 19QNPY019].
文摘The sustainable development of the marine economic system to accurately grasp the dynamic evolution characteristics and main driving factors of the vulnerability of the marine economic system so as to effectively identify the problems in the operation of the marine economy is extremely important.Based on the establishment of a three-level assessment index system for the vulnerability of the marine economic system,the vulnerability of the marine economic system of Jiangsu Province in 2008-2016 was evaluated by using the comprehensive index model and the catastrophe progression model,and the results were compared based on the unified evaluation criteria.The main influencing factors were analyzed by principal component analysis and Pearson correlation analysis.It’s found that 2014,2015,and 2012 are in a general state,2009 and 2010 are in a poor state,and the vulnerability state from 2008 to 2011 is lower than that in 2012.The overall volatility is small indicating a stable system.Among them,the scale of marine industry and profit and loss of marine resources are the main components of marine economic system vulnerability having the highest correlation with the vulnerability of marine economic system.This study enriches the theoretical method and empirical research on the vulnerability of the marine economic system and has practical significance in allowing for timely targeted control measures to affect the vulnerability of the marine economic system.
文摘Since January 2020,the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)epidemic has been prevalent throughout China.Disinfection,as an effective measure to cut off routes of transmission,is crucial in addressing epidemics of infectious diseases.To further guide prevention and control of COVID-19 and on-site disinfection nationwide,the Program for Disinfection Technology in Special Places(first edition)has been developed on January 28.
文摘To the Editor:Male breast cancer is relatively rare,accounting for just 1%of all breast cancer cases.[1]The management strategies for male breast cancer are mainly based on a limited number of retrospective studies and speculation based on female breast cancer.This study presents a comprehensive account of a decade-long observation of male metastatic breast cancer(mMBC)in our institution.The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University database had records of 2853 advanced breast cancer cases that were treated from January 1,2010 to December 31,2019.Out of the total number,18 cases were identified as mMBC.The analysis encompassed data about the treatment administered,the treatment’s effectiveness,and the patient’s survival outcomes.The present investigation entails a retrospective examination of our institution’s 10-year experience with patients diagnosed with mMBC and a comprehensive evaluation of relevant literature.