More and more in-depth studies have revealed that the occurrente and development of tumors depend on gene mutation and tumor heterogeneity.The most important manifestation of tumor heterogeneity is the dynamic change ...More and more in-depth studies have revealed that the occurrente and development of tumors depend on gene mutation and tumor heterogeneity.The most important manifestation of tumor heterogeneity is the dynamic change of tumor microenvironment(TME)heterogeneity.This depends not only on the tumor cells themselves in the microenvironment where the infiltrating immune cells and matrix together forming an antitumor and/or pro-tumor network.TME has resulted in novel therapeutic in terve ntions as a place beyond tumor beds.The malig nant can cer cells,tumor in filtrate immune cells,angiogenic vascular cells,lymphatic endothelial cells,cancer-associated fibroblastic cells,and the released factors including intracellular metabolites,hormonal signals and inflammatory mediators all contribute actively to cancer progression.Protein post-translational modification(PTM)is often regarded as a degradative mechanism in protein destruction or turnover to maintain physiological homeostasis.Advances in quantitative transcriptomics,proteomics,and nuclease-based gene editing are now paving the global ways for exploring PTMs.In this review,we focus on recent developments in the PTM area and speculate on their importanee as a critical functional readout for the regulation of TME.A wealth of information has been emerging to prove useful in the search for conventional therapies and the development of global therapeutic strategies.展开更多
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81873048 to C.X.and 82003114 to W.L.)the Applied Basic Research Project of Sichuan Science and Technology Department(No.2020YJ0174 to W.L.).
文摘More and more in-depth studies have revealed that the occurrente and development of tumors depend on gene mutation and tumor heterogeneity.The most important manifestation of tumor heterogeneity is the dynamic change of tumor microenvironment(TME)heterogeneity.This depends not only on the tumor cells themselves in the microenvironment where the infiltrating immune cells and matrix together forming an antitumor and/or pro-tumor network.TME has resulted in novel therapeutic in terve ntions as a place beyond tumor beds.The malig nant can cer cells,tumor in filtrate immune cells,angiogenic vascular cells,lymphatic endothelial cells,cancer-associated fibroblastic cells,and the released factors including intracellular metabolites,hormonal signals and inflammatory mediators all contribute actively to cancer progression.Protein post-translational modification(PTM)is often regarded as a degradative mechanism in protein destruction or turnover to maintain physiological homeostasis.Advances in quantitative transcriptomics,proteomics,and nuclease-based gene editing are now paving the global ways for exploring PTMs.In this review,we focus on recent developments in the PTM area and speculate on their importanee as a critical functional readout for the regulation of TME.A wealth of information has been emerging to prove useful in the search for conventional therapies and the development of global therapeutic strategies.
