The ventral tegmental area and the locus coeruleus are associated with psychological and physical dependence of opioid addiction. To date, very little is known about brain-derived neurotrophic factor （BDNF） and Bcl-...The ventral tegmental area and the locus coeruleus are associated with psychological and physical dependence of opioid addiction. To date, very little is known about brain-derived neurotrophic factor （BDNF） and Bcl-2 gene and protein changes following morphine addiction. The present study utilized immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization techniques, which revealed that there were increased BDNF levels, but decreased Bcl-2 levels in the prefrontal cortex, locus coeruleus, hippocampus, and the ventral tegmental area during morphine-dependence formation and abstinence. However, the levels of BDNF remained unchanged, and Bcl-2 expression was increased in the nucleus accumbens. These results showed that BDNF and Bcl-2 are involved in the development of morphine dependence, and precipitation of abstinence syndrome.展开更多
Concepts and techniques of response surface methodology have been widely applied in many branches of engineering, especially in the chemical and manufacturing areas. This paper presents an application of the methodolo...Concepts and techniques of response surface methodology have been widely applied in many branches of engineering, especially in the chemical and manufacturing areas. This paper presents an application of the methodology in a magnetic crystal Czochralski growth system for single crystal silicon to optimize the oxygen concentration at the crystal growth interface in a cusp magnetic field. The simulation demonstrates that the response surface methodology is a feasible algorithm for the optimization of the Czochralski crystal growth process.展开更多
基金the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing, No. 2005(54)
文摘The ventral tegmental area and the locus coeruleus are associated with psychological and physical dependence of opioid addiction. To date, very little is known about brain-derived neurotrophic factor （BDNF） and Bcl-2 gene and protein changes following morphine addiction. The present study utilized immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization techniques, which revealed that there were increased BDNF levels, but decreased Bcl-2 levels in the prefrontal cortex, locus coeruleus, hippocampus, and the ventral tegmental area during morphine-dependence formation and abstinence. However, the levels of BDNF remained unchanged, and Bcl-2 expression was increased in the nucleus accumbens. These results showed that BDNF and Bcl-2 are involved in the development of morphine dependence, and precipitation of abstinence syndrome.
文摘Concepts and techniques of response surface methodology have been widely applied in many branches of engineering, especially in the chemical and manufacturing areas. This paper presents an application of the methodology in a magnetic crystal Czochralski growth system for single crystal silicon to optimize the oxygen concentration at the crystal growth interface in a cusp magnetic field. The simulation demonstrates that the response surface methodology is a feasible algorithm for the optimization of the Czochralski crystal growth process.
