Incidence and mortality of laryngeal cancer in China, 2011

Objective： Laryngeal cancer is the common cancer of the upper aerodigestive tract. We aimed to use the national cancer registration data in 2011 to estimate the incidence and mortality of laryngeal cancer within China. Methods： Comparable, high-quality data from 177 population-based cancer registries were qualified for analysis. The pooled data were stratified by area, sex and age group. National new cases and deaths of laryngeal cancer were estimated using age-specific rates and national population in 2010. All incidence and death rates were age-standardized to the 2000 Chinese standard population and Segi＇s population, which were expressed per 100,000 populations. Results： All 177 cancer registries covered a total of 175,310,169 population （98,341,507 in urban and 76,968,662 in rural areas）, accounting for 13.01% of the national population. The data quality indicators of proportion of morphological verification （MV%）, percentage of cancer cases identified with death certification only （DCO%） and mortality to incidence ratio （Mr/） were 77.98%, 2.62% and 0.55, respectively. Estimated 20,875 new cases of laryngeal cancer were diagnosed and 11,488 deaths from laryngeal cancer occurred in China in 2011. The crude incidence rate of laryngeal cancer was 1.55/100,000 （2.69/100,000 in males and 0.35/100,000 in females）. Age-standardized incidence rates by Chinese standard population （ASIRC） and by world standard population （ASIRW） were 1.13/100,000 and 1.14/100,000, respectively. Laryngeal cancer is much rarer in females than in males. The incidence rate was higher in urban areas than that in rural areas. The crude mortality rate of laryngeal cancer was 0.85/100,000 （1.42/100,000 in males and 0.25/100,000 in females）. Age-standardized mortality rates by Chinese standard population （ASMRC） and by world standard population （ASMRW） were both 0.61/100,000. The mortality rate in males was much higher than that in females. There was no definite difference in mortality rates of laryngeal cancer between urban and rural areas. Conclusions： Larynx is a specialized area and cancer of larynx significantly affects the quality of life for the patients. Comprehensive measures should be carried out to prevent the ascent of laryngeal cancer.

Incidence and mortality of thyroid cancer in China, 2008-2012

Objective: To analyze the incidence and mortality rates of thyroid cancer(TC) in China from 2008 to 2012.Methods: Incident and death cases of TC were retrieved from the National Central Cancer Registry(NCCR)database collecting from 135 cancer registries in China during 2008-2012. The crude incidence and mortality rates of TC were calculated by area(urban/rural), region(eastern, middle, western), gender and age group(0, 1-4, 5-9,…, 85+). China census in 2000 and world Segi's population were applied for age-standardized rates. Joinpoint(Version 4.6.0.0) model was used for time-trend analysis.Results: The crude incidence rate of TC was 7.56/100,000 which ranked the seventh in overall cancers. The agestandardized incidence rates by China population(ASIRC) and by World population(ASIRW) were 6.25/100,000 and 5.52/100,000, respectively. The crude mortality of TC in China was 0.52/100,000. The age-standardized mortality rates by Chinese standard population(ASMRC) and by world standard population(ASMRW) were0.34/100,000 and 0.32/100,000, respectively. Incidence and mortality rates of TC were higher in females than in males and higher in urban areas than in rural areas. Eastern areas had the highest incidence followed by middle and western areas. TC incidence increased dramatically after age of 15 years, then peaked at 14.08/100,000 in the group of 50-54 years and finally decreased sharply after 55 years old. TC mortality increased with age in population,reaching the peak of 5.09/100,000 in sub-population aged 85 years or older. TC incidence increased by 4.73 times from 2.40/100,000 in 2003 to 13.75/100,000 in 2012 with an average annual increase of 20%, while TC mortality only increased slightly around 0.32/100,000 from 0.26/100,000 to 0.36/100,000.Conclusions: Appropriate targeted prevention, early detection and treatment programs can be carried out to curb the rapid growth trend of TC and control the disease burden.

Genetic variants at 10q 23.33 are associated with plasma lipid levels in a Chinese population

Plasma lipid abnormalities are implicated in the pathogenic process of type 2 diabetes. The IDE-KIFII-HHEX gene cluster on chromosome 10q23.33 has been identified as a susceptibility locus for type 2 diabetes. We hy- pothesized that genetic variants at 10q23.33 may be associated with plasma lipid concentrations. Seven tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms （SNPs： rs7923837, rs2488075, rs947591, rs11187146, rs5015480, rs4646957 and rs1111875） at 10q23.33 were genotyped in 3,281 subjects from a Han Chinese population, using the Taq- Man OpenArray and Sequenom MassARRAY platforms. Multiple linear regression analyses showed that SNP rs7923837 in the 3＂-flanking region of HHEX was significantly associated with triglyceride levels （P = 0.019, 0.031 mmol/L average decrease per minor G allele） and that rs2488075 and rs947591 in the downstream region of HHEX were significantly associated with total cholesterol levels （P = 0.041, 0.058 mmol/L average decrease per minor C allele and P = 0.018, 0.063 mmol/L average decrease per minor A allele, respectively）. However, the other four SNPs （rs11187146, rs5015480, rs4646957 and rs1111875） were not significantly associated with any plasma lipid concentrations in this Chinese population. Our data suggest that genetic variants in the IDE-KIF11- HHEX gene cluster at 10q23.33 may partially explain the variation of plasma lipid levels in the Hart Chinese pop- ulation. Further studies are required to confirm these findings in other populations.

TRIP13 is identified as a prognosis biomarker for renal clear cell carcinoma and promotes renal cell carcinoma cell proliferation, migration and invasion

This work aimed to discover new therapeutic targets in renal clear cell carcinoma by bioinformatics and detect the effect of candidate gene TRIP13 in renal cell carcinoma(RCC)cell proliferation,migration,and invasion.Differentially expressed mRNAs were screened based on The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)-Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma(KIRC)databases,and functional enrichments,survival analysis,receiver operating characteristic curve(ROC),and Protein–Protein Interaction(PPI)protein interaction analysis were performed by R software to screen the candidate gene TRIP13.Then,the expression of candidate gene TRIP13 in 92 pairs of cancer and adjacent normal tissues of renal clear cell carcinoma patients were detected by qRT-PCR,western blotting,and immunochemical analysis.The TRIP13 level and clinicopathological characteristics of patients with renal clear cell carcinoma were analyzed.Using 186-O and ACHN RCC cell lines with TRIP13 overexpressing or downregulating,the effect of TRIP13 on cell viability and proliferation were detected by CCK8 and EdU staining,respectively.The migration and invasion were detected by Transwell assays.A total of 19858 differentially expressed genes,5823 differentially expressed genes,3657 up-regulated genes,and 2166 down-regulated genes were identified.TRIP13 was closed associated with cell cycle regulation,and survival and prognosis of renal clear cell carcinoma were selected as a candidate gene.The mRNA and protein levels of TRIP13 in cancer tissues were higher than that in adjacent normal tissues.TRIP13 level was significantly associated with tumor size,tumor stage,Fuhrman grade,and lymph node metastasis.TRIP13 overexpression significantly increased cell viability,proliferation,migration,and invasion,while downregulating of TRIP13 had opposite effects in both 186-O and ACHN cells.Therefore,TRIP13 promotes RCC proliferation and metastasis,which should be a novel biomarker for early diagnosis,treatment,and prognosis of RCC.

Tet methylcytosine dioxygenase 2 suppresses renal cell cancer proliferation and metastasis by regulating the miR-200c-SCD axis

Tet methylcytosine dioxygenase 2(TET2)acts as an antioncogene that is investigated in different cancers.But the effects of TET2 in renal cell cancer(RCC)is still known little.Here,quantitative real-time PCR(qRT-PCR),Western blot,and immunofluorescence were performed to exam gene and protein expression.Cell proliferation was measured using Cell Counting Kit-8(CCK-8).Transwell assay was performed to detect cell metastasis viability.Flow cytometry was performed to analyze the cell cycle and cell apoptosis.The effects of TET2 on RCC growth in vivo was analyzed using a mouse xenograft model.We found that TET2 and miR-200c were decreased in RCC tissues,and hypermethylation of miR-200c promoter was found.Overexpression of TET2 promoted miR-200c expression by reducing miR-200c promoter methylation.Additionally,overexpression of TET2 or miR-200c suppressed cell growth and metastasis.Also,knockdown of miR-200c could moderate TET2 mediated cell growth inhibition.Furthermore,we found miR-200c directly regulates Stearoyl-CoA desaturase(SCD)gene expression.Moreover,in vivo experiment results confirmed that TET2 inhibited tumor growth.In conclusion,TET2 acts as an antioncogene in RCC by regulating the miR-200c-SCD axis and providing a potential target for RCC diagnosis and treatment.

浙江省2019年至2021年上消化道癌机会性筛查结果分析

目的:综合分析浙江省2019年至2021年上消化道癌机会性筛查结果,为上消化道癌机会性筛查及早诊早治工作的开展提供指导。方法:从国家项目数据管理平台导出浙江省2019年至2021年上消化道癌机会性筛查的资料,计算活检率、上消化道肿瘤性病变检出率、上消化道癌早诊率,采用χ2检验及趋势χ2检验比较不同组间率的差异。结果:2019年至2021年共247055例受检者纳入上消化道癌机会性筛查,其中233624例进行活检组织病理学检查。上消化道肿瘤性病变的检出率随年龄增加而上升(P<0.001),且男性显著高于女性(均P<0.001)。在检出率的比较中,采用无痛胃镜组的上消化道肿瘤性病变检出率低于未采用无痛胃镜组,而采用染色组的高于未采用染色组,HP阳性组的高于HP阴性组(均P<0.001)。结论:严格依据国家推行的方案,可以扩大上消化道癌筛查和早诊早治覆盖范围,对于提高上消化道病变检出率具有重要意义,但仍需进一步普及癌症知识,提高上消化道癌早诊率。

2010年至2014年浙江省肿瘤登记地区肺癌发病和死亡情况分析

目的:分析2010年1月至2014年12月浙江省肿瘤登记肺癌数据,对居民肺癌发病和死亡流行状况进行分析,为政府及卫生行政部门制订肿瘤防治策略提供参考依据。方法:根据浙江省14个肿瘤随访登记项目点报告的肿瘤登记资料,分别根据城乡、性别和年龄别计算肺癌发病率和死亡率,2000年全国人口普查和Segi's标准人口结构计算标化率,以及0～74岁累积率、35～64岁截缩率等指标。结果:2010年1月至2014年12月浙江省肿瘤登记地区共报告气管、支气管、肺部恶性肿瘤(简称肺癌,ICD10编码为C33-C34)新发病例数为37 227例,占全部癌症发病的18.85%,肺癌发病率为63.55/10万,中标率为35.73/10万,世标率为35.54/10万,0～74岁累积率为4.44%。其中男性新发病例数为25 608例,女性为11 619例;男性中标率为女性的2.26倍,农村中标率为城市的1.12倍。报告因肺癌死亡病例数为31 772例,占全部癌症死亡的29.22%,死亡率为54.24/10万,中标率29.39/10万,世标率29.05/10万,0～74岁累积率为3.48%。其中男性肺癌死亡病例数为22 796例,女性为8 976例;男性中标率为女性的2.70倍,农村中标率为城市的1.05倍。肺癌年龄别发病率和死亡率在40岁之前处于较低水平,40岁以后快速上升。发病率、死亡率在城市和农村地区均于80岁组达到高峰,男性高于女性。城市和农村地区年龄别发病率和死亡率的水平虽然有一定的波动,但总体趋势类同。结论:肺癌是浙江省最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,发病和死亡均位于恶性肿瘤首位,疾病负担较高,应作为肿瘤防治工作的重点之一。