Background: Diabetes is amongst the most researched diseases worldwide due to its debilitating effects on patients. Diabetics have a higher risk of developing erectile dysfunction. Evidence has linked erectile dysfunc...Background: Diabetes is amongst the most researched diseases worldwide due to its debilitating effects on patients. Diabetics have a higher risk of developing erectile dysfunction. Evidence has linked erectile dysfunction severity to increased age, duration of diabetes, the metabolic syndrome and hypogonadism. However, the role of inflammatory markers in the pathogenesis of SD is still unclear. The contributions of hormonal parameters and adipokines to both macro and micro vascular complications are still poorly understood. This study was conducted to provide some evidence of an association between SD, the metabolic syndrome and inflammatory hormones. Method: A total of 130 diabetic males participated in this study. All participants were at least 18 years and were actively engaged in a stable heterosexual relationship for a minimum of two years before they were recruited for this study. The Diabetic men were evaluated using the Golombok Rust Inventory of Sexual Satisfaction for males (GRISS-M). The NCEP-ATP III, IDF and WHO criteria were used to assess the metabolic syndrome. Blood samples were taken for biochemical and hormonal assays. Results: Participants with raised Triglyceride levels showed significantly higher leptin levels for NCEP-ATP III and IDF criteria. Participants with impotence showed significantly lower leptin/adiponectin ratio (p = 0.0184) whilst participant with non-sensuality showed significantly higher values of leptin/adiponectin ratio (p = 0.0103). A significantly higher levels of insulin (p = 0.0265) was recorded in participants with Dissatisfaction problems. Participants with Non communication problems showed significantly higher levels of insulin (p = 0.0419) and lower levels of adiponectin (p = 0.0438) whilst participants with infrequency showed significantly lower levels of adiponectin (p = 0.0042). Conclusion: The relative balance between pro inflammatory and anti-inflammatory mediators of endothelial dysfunction could possibly be essential for the progression of diabetes to SD and the MetS thus a longitudinal study which measures a range of both pro and anti-inflammatory hormones and adipokines as risk factors for SD and the MetS could potentially aid in improvements in assessing the risk of developing these conditions among diabetics.展开更多
Introduction: Alcohol usage has largely been seen as a risk factor for the development of sexual dysfunction as well as erectile dysfunction. Others have reported that prolonged alcohol usage and abuse is compatible w...Introduction: Alcohol usage has largely been seen as a risk factor for the development of sexual dysfunction as well as erectile dysfunction. Others have reported that prolonged alcohol usage and abuse is compatible with normal sexual function in the absence of endocrinological problems as well as hepatic dysfunction. About seventy five (75) percent of alcoholics have various sexual difficulties with improvements in sexual functions occurring after treatment of alcoholism and psychosexual therapy. It is evident from the various reports over the years that mild and occasional alcohol usage is not as much implicated in the causation of SD and its other forms as heavy, addictive or dependent alcohol usage. Alcohol usage has also long been linked to hypogonadism, testicular atrophy as well as leydig cell toxicity. Alcohol induced hypogonadism has been reported to resolve after withdrawal of alcohol use. Since both diabetes and alcohol usage have been strongly associated with both hypogonadism and sexual dysfunction, it is logical to expect that diabetics who frequently consume alcohol will have a worsened hypogonadal state and sexual function. This research therefore seeks to provide evidence of an association between alcohol consumption in diabetics and a worsened sexual dysfunction in comparison to diabetics who did not consume alcohol. Methods: Type II diabetic patients attending the Diabetic Clinic at the Maamobi General Hospital between the periods of January 2010 and March 2011 were consecutively recruited for this study. Diabetics with other known endocrinological diseases and physical disabilities were excluded from the study. Sexual function was assessed using the GRISS-M. Early morning fasting samples were used in lipid and testosterone profile assays. Results: Study participants who consumed alcohol recorded higher levels of triglycerides and LDL-Cholesterol. They also recorded significantly lower levels of bioavailable testosterone. Furthermore they also recorded higher scores for impotence, premature ejaculation, non-sensuality and infrequency but lower scores for avoidance and were about six times more likely to be infrequent in their sexual activity in comparison with those who did not consume alcohol. Conclusion: Alcohol consumption among diabetic males is associated with hypogonadism and has an impact on several domains of male sexual function. Diabetic males should be advised to avoid alcohol abuse in order to facilitate the management of diabetes associated sexual dysfunction.展开更多
文摘Background: Diabetes is amongst the most researched diseases worldwide due to its debilitating effects on patients. Diabetics have a higher risk of developing erectile dysfunction. Evidence has linked erectile dysfunction severity to increased age, duration of diabetes, the metabolic syndrome and hypogonadism. However, the role of inflammatory markers in the pathogenesis of SD is still unclear. The contributions of hormonal parameters and adipokines to both macro and micro vascular complications are still poorly understood. This study was conducted to provide some evidence of an association between SD, the metabolic syndrome and inflammatory hormones. Method: A total of 130 diabetic males participated in this study. All participants were at least 18 years and were actively engaged in a stable heterosexual relationship for a minimum of two years before they were recruited for this study. The Diabetic men were evaluated using the Golombok Rust Inventory of Sexual Satisfaction for males (GRISS-M). The NCEP-ATP III, IDF and WHO criteria were used to assess the metabolic syndrome. Blood samples were taken for biochemical and hormonal assays. Results: Participants with raised Triglyceride levels showed significantly higher leptin levels for NCEP-ATP III and IDF criteria. Participants with impotence showed significantly lower leptin/adiponectin ratio (p = 0.0184) whilst participant with non-sensuality showed significantly higher values of leptin/adiponectin ratio (p = 0.0103). A significantly higher levels of insulin (p = 0.0265) was recorded in participants with Dissatisfaction problems. Participants with Non communication problems showed significantly higher levels of insulin (p = 0.0419) and lower levels of adiponectin (p = 0.0438) whilst participants with infrequency showed significantly lower levels of adiponectin (p = 0.0042). Conclusion: The relative balance between pro inflammatory and anti-inflammatory mediators of endothelial dysfunction could possibly be essential for the progression of diabetes to SD and the MetS thus a longitudinal study which measures a range of both pro and anti-inflammatory hormones and adipokines as risk factors for SD and the MetS could potentially aid in improvements in assessing the risk of developing these conditions among diabetics.
文摘Introduction: Alcohol usage has largely been seen as a risk factor for the development of sexual dysfunction as well as erectile dysfunction. Others have reported that prolonged alcohol usage and abuse is compatible with normal sexual function in the absence of endocrinological problems as well as hepatic dysfunction. About seventy five (75) percent of alcoholics have various sexual difficulties with improvements in sexual functions occurring after treatment of alcoholism and psychosexual therapy. It is evident from the various reports over the years that mild and occasional alcohol usage is not as much implicated in the causation of SD and its other forms as heavy, addictive or dependent alcohol usage. Alcohol usage has also long been linked to hypogonadism, testicular atrophy as well as leydig cell toxicity. Alcohol induced hypogonadism has been reported to resolve after withdrawal of alcohol use. Since both diabetes and alcohol usage have been strongly associated with both hypogonadism and sexual dysfunction, it is logical to expect that diabetics who frequently consume alcohol will have a worsened hypogonadal state and sexual function. This research therefore seeks to provide evidence of an association between alcohol consumption in diabetics and a worsened sexual dysfunction in comparison to diabetics who did not consume alcohol. Methods: Type II diabetic patients attending the Diabetic Clinic at the Maamobi General Hospital between the periods of January 2010 and March 2011 were consecutively recruited for this study. Diabetics with other known endocrinological diseases and physical disabilities were excluded from the study. Sexual function was assessed using the GRISS-M. Early morning fasting samples were used in lipid and testosterone profile assays. Results: Study participants who consumed alcohol recorded higher levels of triglycerides and LDL-Cholesterol. They also recorded significantly lower levels of bioavailable testosterone. Furthermore they also recorded higher scores for impotence, premature ejaculation, non-sensuality and infrequency but lower scores for avoidance and were about six times more likely to be infrequent in their sexual activity in comparison with those who did not consume alcohol. Conclusion: Alcohol consumption among diabetic males is associated with hypogonadism and has an impact on several domains of male sexual function. Diabetic males should be advised to avoid alcohol abuse in order to facilitate the management of diabetes associated sexual dysfunction.
