Theloderma licin McLeod and Ahmad,2007 (Lissamphibia:Anura:Rhacophoridae),a New Frog Record for Borneo

A new record of the rhacophorid frog, Theloderma licin is reported from Gunung Serambu, in the Bau region of western Sarawak, East Malaysia, which comprises the first published record of the species from the Sundaic island of Borneo. The species was previously known from the Malay Peninsula （southern Peninsular Thailand and Peninsular Malaysia）. Species of Theloderma are widespread in mainland and insular Southeast Asia, their arboreal habits perhaps contributing to our perception of rarity.

Trophic Ecology of Ansonia latidisca at Gunung Penrissen, Sarawak, North-Western Borneo

Dietary data on Ansonia latidisca, the little known Bornean Rainbow Toad, are presented, through an investigation of a population at Gunung Penrissen, Sarawak, Malaysia(north-western Borneo), at elevations between 1,100–1,229 m asl. Standard sampling techniques, including visual encounter surveys, were employed and individuals encountered stomach-flushed, ma rked, a nd released. The volume of food ingested by adults, apart from large females, did not vary monthly, and there was no significant difference between wet and dry periods, the dominance index between the two periods showing no significant difference, indicating that seasonal variation does not affect the dietary constitution of the species across months. The mean longest prey was recovered from a female in March, during the end of the wet season. Larger individuals did not consume larger prey in the species, although larger females did harvest the largest insects, and as may be expected, had fewer prey items in their stomachs at the time. Males fed on fewer prey items than females, the adult male diet predominantly comprised of members of the Hymenoptera, including formicids(ants), as indicated by percentage frequency of occurrence of 78.69, while for adult females, equivalent figure was 90.70. Coleopterans(beetles) were found secondary in importance(48.8% in females, 5.85% in males), the rest categorized as tertiary. Plant items(including bryophytes) had a high frequency of occurrence(23.3% in females, 4.64% in males). Females examined in the month of July had voluminous stomach contents, and may have eaten more to increase fat reserves for breeding in the upcoming wet season. Since the diet of all size classes consisted of hymenopterans(ants) and coleopterans, the study species is here considered to have a narrow food preference, and consequently, is a dietary specialist.

Diet of Juvenile Crocodylus porosus at Kuching Wetlands National Park,Sarawak,East Malaysia

The diet of juvenile,including hatchlings and presumed yearlings of the Saltwater Crocodile,Crocodylus porosus,was studied at the Kuching Wetlands National Park,western Sarawak,East Malaysia(Borneo),using both frequency of occurrence and volumetric composition of diet through the stomach flushing technique.Crustaceans form the primary component of the diet of juvenile crocodiles,comprising shrimps of the family Atyidae(Caridina sp.,and Penaeus indicus),occurring in the stomach of 17 individuals(53%by occurrence).An estimated 91.7%of hatchlings stomach-flushed had shrimps,and the emergence of hatchlings may be associated by inland migration of its shellfish prey,as reported in the literature.The secondary food item of hatchlings and presumed yearlings was ocypodid crabs,occurring in 16 individuals(in addition to a subadult),and comprise 47%-50%by occurrence.Other items taken incidentally include rodents(in large yearlings,exceeding 100 cm in total length),and fish(in seven hatchlings and in one subadult),or in 29%of total individuals captured(47.7%in hatchlings and 15%in yearlings).A dietary change in ontogeny is therefore evident,as reported earlier in crocodilians.

Gerarda prevostiana(Eydoux and Gervais,1837)(Squamata:Serpentes:Homalopsidae),a New Snake for Borneo

A new record of the homalopsid snake, Gerarda prevostiana is presented from a mangrove-dominated patch in the vicinity of Kampung Bako, Sarawak, East Malaysia, and this comprises the first published record from the Sundaic Island of Borneo. A possible second locality for the species is a ca. 6.68 km site to its northeast, Kampung Buntal, based on an unlocated museum specimen. The species is widespread in mainland Southeast Asia, with additional records to the west （the Indian Subcontinent） and east （the Philippines Archipelago）, but was previously unrecorded from the islands of the Sundas. The secretive habits of the species, including the occupancy of mud lobster （Thalassinia spp.） mounds in mostly inaccessible, swampy habitats may be a reason for its perceived rarity and few published records.

Rediscovery and Redescription of Tropidophorus micropus van Lidth de Jeude,1905(Squamata:Sauria:Scincidae)from Sarawak,East Malaysia(Borneo)

Tropidophorus micropus van Lidth de Jeude, 1905, described from the upper Mahakkam River, Kalimantan, Indonesia, is here redescribed, based on new material from upper Baleh, Sarawak, East Malaysia（Borneo）, collected after over 100 years. The new locality is ca. 94 km to the north of the type locality, and comprises a new national record.

生物多样性评估:巴都阿玻夷的经验

巴都阿玻夷(Batu Apoi)是文莱的一片龙脑香林,目前正在建设成为该国第一个国家公园,文莱大学—皇家地理学会对此地进行过一次雨林考察,目的是记录保护区内丰富的生物多样性。本次考察开始于1991年,通过这一延续了14个月的考察项目以及随后的研究工作,采集到大量的动植物标本,并证明在巴都阿玻夷,物种比根据其地域面积所预料的要丰富。各类动植物的新种已经鉴定,许多动植物种类被当地Iban部落人利用。由于文莱的法规限制使用枪枝,Iban部落人利用传统的陷阱、圈套及矛等方法狩猎。据当地的信仰,一些植物具有药物性能,其中许多尚无植物学名称。除石油与天然气产品外,还有海外投资带来的国民收入,文莱有着极少数国家所具有的令人羡慕的地位,即雨林的相对覆盖面积很大而又无须采伐森林出口木材。然而,通过研究并最终持续利用森林资源的巨大的机会同时又是今后若干年这个国家所面临的一个挑战。