Anti-trypanosomal effect of Peristrophe bicalyculata extract on Trypanosoma brucei brucei-infected rats

Objective:To investigate thein vitroandin vivoeffect of whole plant extracts ofPeristrophe bicalyculataonTrypanosoma brucei brucei-infected rats.Methods:The experiment wasdivided into two phases:In the first phase,the anti-trypanosomal activity of the hot water,cold water,methanol and butanol extracts of the whole plant were determined by incubatingwithTrypanosoma brucei brucei.The cold water extract was partially-purified and the anti-trypanosomal activity of the fractions determined.In the second phase,Trypanosoma brucei brucei-infected rats were treated with fraction 2c for nine days.Packed cell volume(PCV),highdensity lipoprotein(HDL),low density lipoprotein(LDL),total cholesterol(TC),triacylglycerol(TAG),aspartate aminotransferase,alanine aminotransferases(ALT),alkaline phosphatase(ALP),total and direct bilirubin levels were determined at the end of the experiment.Results:Cold water extract immobilized 90%of the parasites after 60 min of incubation,and fraction 2ccompletely immobilized the parasites after 35 min.It significantly increased PCV inTrypanosoma brucei brucei-infected rats.Decreased TC,TAG,HDL and LDL levels of infected rats increasedsignificantly when rats were treated with the fraction,while elevated levels of total bilirubinand ALT also decreased.The difference in urea,direct bilirubin and ALP was not significantwhen infected rats were compared to rats in other groups.Conclusions:The ability of the plantto ameliorate the infection-induced biochemical changes calls for detailed investigation of thepotentials of the plant for antitrypanosomiasis drug delivery.