This paper aims to verify the Cu9Al4 phase influence on the nanomechanical behavior of the Cu-14Al-4Ni-xTi alloy obtained by rapid solidification with addition of different amounts of Ti.Using the Scanning Electron Mi...This paper aims to verify the Cu9Al4 phase influence on the nanomechanical behavior of the Cu-14Al-4Ni-xTi alloy obtained by rapid solidification with addition of different amounts of Ti.Using the Scanning Electron Microscopy(SEM),Atomic Force Microscopy(AFM),Energy Dispersion Spectroscopy(EDS)and X-Ray Diffraction(XRD),it was possible to perform the samples’microstructural characterization.In addition,the reduction of the Cu9Al4 phase precipitation and the X-phase appearance were verified according to the increase of the titanium percentage added.The nanomechanical behavior was evaluated by nanoindentation tests,which showed a significant decrease of the elastic modules and an increase of the Poisson coefficient’s according to the titanium amount.This research establishes that the reduction of Cu9Al4 phase implies on the increase of the capacity to dissipate energy.Therefore,the high damping capacity combined with the X-phase presence increases the super elasticity and the alloy ductility.展开更多
This paper proposes a method for optimal placement of synchronized PMUs （phasor measurement units） in electrical power systems using a MCGA （modified canonical genetic algorithm）, which the goal is to determine th...This paper proposes a method for optimal placement of synchronized PMUs （phasor measurement units） in electrical power systems using a MCGA （modified canonical genetic algorithm）, which the goal is to determine the minimum number of PMUs, as well as the optimal location of these units to ensure the complete topological observability of the system. In case of more than one solution, a strategy of analysis of the design matrix rank is applied to determine the solution with the lower number of critical measurements. In the proposed method of placement, modifications are made in the crossover and mutation genetic operators, as well as in the formation of the subpopulation, and are considered restrictive hypotheses in the search space to improve the performance in solving the optimization problem. Simulations are performed using the IEEE 14-bus, IEEE 30-bus and New England 39-bus test systems. The proposed method is applied on the IEEE 118-bus test system considering the presence of observable zones formed by conventional measurements.展开更多
基金The authorswould like to thankthe Federal Institute of Science and Technology of Bahia,the University of Sao Paulo and the University of Brasilia for all the support to carry out this research.
文摘This paper aims to verify the Cu9Al4 phase influence on the nanomechanical behavior of the Cu-14Al-4Ni-xTi alloy obtained by rapid solidification with addition of different amounts of Ti.Using the Scanning Electron Microscopy(SEM),Atomic Force Microscopy(AFM),Energy Dispersion Spectroscopy(EDS)and X-Ray Diffraction(XRD),it was possible to perform the samples’microstructural characterization.In addition,the reduction of the Cu9Al4 phase precipitation and the X-phase appearance were verified according to the increase of the titanium percentage added.The nanomechanical behavior was evaluated by nanoindentation tests,which showed a significant decrease of the elastic modules and an increase of the Poisson coefficient’s according to the titanium amount.This research establishes that the reduction of Cu9Al4 phase implies on the increase of the capacity to dissipate energy.Therefore,the high damping capacity combined with the X-phase presence increases the super elasticity and the alloy ductility.
文摘This paper proposes a method for optimal placement of synchronized PMUs （phasor measurement units） in electrical power systems using a MCGA （modified canonical genetic algorithm）, which the goal is to determine the minimum number of PMUs, as well as the optimal location of these units to ensure the complete topological observability of the system. In case of more than one solution, a strategy of analysis of the design matrix rank is applied to determine the solution with the lower number of critical measurements. In the proposed method of placement, modifications are made in the crossover and mutation genetic operators, as well as in the formation of the subpopulation, and are considered restrictive hypotheses in the search space to improve the performance in solving the optimization problem. Simulations are performed using the IEEE 14-bus, IEEE 30-bus and New England 39-bus test systems. The proposed method is applied on the IEEE 118-bus test system considering the presence of observable zones formed by conventional measurements.
