Cytomegalovirus(CMV),a representative member of the Betaherpesvirinae subfamily of herpesviruses,is common in the human population,but immunocompetent individuals are generally asymptomatic when infected with this vir...Cytomegalovirus(CMV),a representative member of the Betaherpesvirinae subfamily of herpesviruses,is common in the human population,but immunocompetent individuals are generally asymptomatic when infected with this virus.However,in immunocompromised individuals and immunologically immature fetuses and newborns,CMV can cause a wide range of often long-lasting morbidities and even death.CMV is not only widespread throughout the population but it is also widespread in its hosts,infecting and establishing latency in nearly all tissues and organs.Thus,understanding the pathogenesis of and immune responses to this virus is a prerequisite for developing effective prevention and treatment strategies.Multiple arms of the immune system are engaged to contain the infection,and general concepts of immune control of CMV are now reasonably well understood.Nonetheless,in recent years,tissue-specific immune responses have emerged as an essential factor for resolving CMV infection.As tissues differ in biology and function,so do immune responses to CMV and pathological processes during infection.This review discusses state-of-the-art knowledge of the immune response to CMV infection in tissues,with particular emphasis on several well-studied and most commonly affected organs.展开更多
基金supported by the National Institutes of Health(grant“Inflammation and Hearing Loss Following Congenital CMV Infection”[1 R01 DC015980-01A1])to S.Jonjića grant from the Scientific Centre of Excellence for Virus Immunology and Vaccines and co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund(“Strengthening the capacity of CerVirVac for research in virus immunology and vaccinology”[KK.01.1.1.01.0006])to S.Jonjić+1 种基金the European Social Fund(grant“Biology of cytomegalovirus infection in developing brain and latency“[PZS-2019-02-7879])to I.Brizićthe Croatian Science Foundation(project numbers IP-2022-10-3371 to I.Brizić,IP-2020-02-3402 to B.Lisnićand IP-2022-10-2324 to V.JuranićLisnić).
文摘Cytomegalovirus(CMV),a representative member of the Betaherpesvirinae subfamily of herpesviruses,is common in the human population,but immunocompetent individuals are generally asymptomatic when infected with this virus.However,in immunocompromised individuals and immunologically immature fetuses and newborns,CMV can cause a wide range of often long-lasting morbidities and even death.CMV is not only widespread throughout the population but it is also widespread in its hosts,infecting and establishing latency in nearly all tissues and organs.Thus,understanding the pathogenesis of and immune responses to this virus is a prerequisite for developing effective prevention and treatment strategies.Multiple arms of the immune system are engaged to contain the infection,and general concepts of immune control of CMV are now reasonably well understood.Nonetheless,in recent years,tissue-specific immune responses have emerged as an essential factor for resolving CMV infection.As tissues differ in biology and function,so do immune responses to CMV and pathological processes during infection.This review discusses state-of-the-art knowledge of the immune response to CMV infection in tissues,with particular emphasis on several well-studied and most commonly affected organs.
