This paper explores,explains and discusses issues around the dilemma between local conservation of natural resources(often,endangered species and habitats)and tourism needs in Africa.Often and in constitutional terms,...This paper explores,explains and discusses issues around the dilemma between local conservation of natural resources(often,endangered species and habitats)and tourism needs in Africa.Often and in constitutional terms,local people have a right to exploit and use resources endowed in their local area.However,tourists often are interested in viewing the vegetation and animal resources undisturbed.Inevitably,there is an undeclared animosity of values and interests between local communities and tourists and state agencies.As a result,the dilemma is thus of governance.The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the governance dilemma of resource utilization and tourism in Africa in a bid to create an informed stewardship framework for sustainability.This is achieved by way of case studies and narratives from Africa.As such,this paper will be a review literature on how different communities perceive tourism and derive livelihoods from their immediate environment.It also explains how the external factors influence local needs and interests.A more sustainable and operational framework that reduces friction among stakeholders is suggested.展开更多
This paper discusses the environment as a unit under threat of negative externalities(largely climate change and air pollution) induced by the many sectors albeit with a special reference to transport,bearing in mind ...This paper discusses the environment as a unit under threat of negative externalities(largely climate change and air pollution) induced by the many sectors albeit with a special reference to transport,bearing in mind that transport is an economic driver.We pay particular reference to the developments in the developed nations in as much as they can provide a framework upon which Africa can draw lessons for public policy and management.While the context may be different,this review is an attempt to inform transport policy and management for environmental sustainability in Africa.The review uses case studies of South Africa,Zimbabwe,Rwanda,Nigeria,Ethiopia and Kenya.展开更多
文摘This paper explores,explains and discusses issues around the dilemma between local conservation of natural resources(often,endangered species and habitats)and tourism needs in Africa.Often and in constitutional terms,local people have a right to exploit and use resources endowed in their local area.However,tourists often are interested in viewing the vegetation and animal resources undisturbed.Inevitably,there is an undeclared animosity of values and interests between local communities and tourists and state agencies.As a result,the dilemma is thus of governance.The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the governance dilemma of resource utilization and tourism in Africa in a bid to create an informed stewardship framework for sustainability.This is achieved by way of case studies and narratives from Africa.As such,this paper will be a review literature on how different communities perceive tourism and derive livelihoods from their immediate environment.It also explains how the external factors influence local needs and interests.A more sustainable and operational framework that reduces friction among stakeholders is suggested.
文摘This paper discusses the environment as a unit under threat of negative externalities(largely climate change and air pollution) induced by the many sectors albeit with a special reference to transport,bearing in mind that transport is an economic driver.We pay particular reference to the developments in the developed nations in as much as they can provide a framework upon which Africa can draw lessons for public policy and management.While the context may be different,this review is an attempt to inform transport policy and management for environmental sustainability in Africa.The review uses case studies of South Africa,Zimbabwe,Rwanda,Nigeria,Ethiopia and Kenya.
