Prolactin is a polypeptide hormone associated with an extensive variety of biological functions.Among the roles of prolactin in vertebrates,some were preserved throughout evolution.This is the case of its function in ...Prolactin is a polypeptide hormone associated with an extensive variety of biological functions.Among the roles of prolactin in vertebrates,some were preserved throughout evolution.This is the case of its function in the brain,where prolactin receptors,are expressed in different structures of the central nervous system.In the brain,prolactin actions are principally associated with reproduction and parental behavior,and involves the modulation of adult neurogenesis,neuroprotection,and neuroplasticity,especially during pregnancy,thereby preparing the brain to parenthood.Prolactin is mainly produced by specialized cells in the anterior pituitary gland.However,during vertebrate evolution many other extrapituitary tissues do also produce prolactin,like the immune system,endothelial cells,reproductive structures and in several regions of the brain.This review summarizes the relevance of prolactin for brain function,the sources of prolactin in the central nervous system,as well as its local production and secretion.A highlight on the impact of prolactin in human neurological diseases is also provided.展开更多
基金supported by Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia(FCT,I.P.,Portugal,http://www.fct.p)project grants UID/Multi/00709/2013 and UID/Multi/00709/2019ARCB is a recipient of a PhD fellowship funded by the FCT(SFRH/BD/121890/2016)+1 种基金supported by the State Budget of the Portuguese Ministry of Science,Technology and Higher Education,by the European Commission and by the European Social Fund through the“Programa Operacional Regional Centro”funded by the grant“Sociedade Portuguesa de Endocrinologia Diabetes e Metabolismovartis Oncology em Patologia Hipofisária 2019”and the European Regional Development Fund through the“Programa Operacional Regional do Centro(Centro 2020)-Sistema de ApoioàInvestigação Científica e Tecnológica-Programas Integrados de IC&DT”(Project Centro-01-0145-FEDER-000019-C4-Centro de Competências em Cloud Computing).
文摘Prolactin is a polypeptide hormone associated with an extensive variety of biological functions.Among the roles of prolactin in vertebrates,some were preserved throughout evolution.This is the case of its function in the brain,where prolactin receptors,are expressed in different structures of the central nervous system.In the brain,prolactin actions are principally associated with reproduction and parental behavior,and involves the modulation of adult neurogenesis,neuroprotection,and neuroplasticity,especially during pregnancy,thereby preparing the brain to parenthood.Prolactin is mainly produced by specialized cells in the anterior pituitary gland.However,during vertebrate evolution many other extrapituitary tissues do also produce prolactin,like the immune system,endothelial cells,reproductive structures and in several regions of the brain.This review summarizes the relevance of prolactin for brain function,the sources of prolactin in the central nervous system,as well as its local production and secretion.A highlight on the impact of prolactin in human neurological diseases is also provided.
