法国里尔大学校园智能供水系统应用研究

管网渗漏是城市供水系统普遍面临的挑战。以欧洲智能供水系统示范项目(Smart Water 4Europe)——法国里尔大学校园为例,介绍了其实施的智能供水系统平台及其在渗漏检测和控制方面的应用情况,并讨论了水量平衡法(WBM)、流量分布模式比较法(CFPDM)和最小夜间流量法(MNFM)在渗漏检测方面的应用。实践表明,智能供水系统在法国里尔大学校园管网漏损控制中的应用是成功的。

A frequency and velocity-dependent impedance method for prediction of rail/foundation dynamics

This paper presents an efficient numerical tool for the prediction of railway dynamic response.A behavior calibration of the infinite Euler-Bernoulli beam resting on continuous viscoelastic foundation is proposed.Constitutive laws of the discrete elements are determined for a rectilinear ballasted track.A three-dimensional model coupled with an adaptive meshing scheme is employed to calibrate the beam model impedances by finding the similarity between the output signals using the genetic algorithm.The model shows an important performance with significant reduction in computational effort.This study emphasizes the major impact of the excitation characteristics on the parameters of the discrete models.

Use of soft computing techniques for tunneling optimization of tunnel boring machines

Thanks to advances in tunnel boring machine(TBM)and monitoring,significant progress has been achieved in the application of soft computing techniques for the optimization of TBM tunneling and the reduction of disturbance related to tunneling in urban areas.Because experimental,analytical,and numerical methods have limitations in solving problems related to TBM tunneling,engineers can use soft computing techniques in analyzing the relationship between the target tunneling responses and influential design inputs parameters,including the geometrical,geological,and TBM operational factors.These techniques are useful in achieving robust and low-cost solutions.However,engineers face difficulties in making an optimal choice of the soft computing technique to solve the complex problems related to TBM tunneling.To help with this choice,this study presents state of the art about the use of soft computing techniques in TBM tunneling through practical applications.The study proposes recommendations for the optimal use of these techniques,in particular(i)the importance of preliminary analyses for the selection and reduction of input parameters,(ii)the necessity to complete insufficient data using laboratory tests and numerical modeling,(iii)the selection of reduced number of hidden layers and nodes to avoid overfitting,(iv)the use of recurrent neural networks to deal with time-series data,and(v)the association of soft computing methods with hybrid optimization techniques to reduce the risk of convergence to local minima.

Smart technology applications for the optimal management of underground facilities

This study centers on the use of smart technology to improve the lifecycle management of underground facilities.It presents a comprehensive digital solution that addresses the challenges of underground facilities,particularly those related to the extensive use of underground space,as well as the requirements for safety,sustainability,and quality of services.The proposed solution emerged from discussions with experts,companies,and cities involved in the design,construction,and management of underground facilities.In this paper,we first discuss the major challenges of underground facilities,then,we present the development of a smart solution to address these challenges.This study demonstrates a promising perspective for the use of smart technology in the optimal management of underground facilities,and paves the way for its implementation.

Influence of soil saturation on the free field response of liquefiable soils

The present paper presents analysis of the influence of the soil saturation on the free-field response of liquefiable soils.Analyses are conducted using a finite element program developed for partially saturated soils subjected to cyclic loading.The performances of the proposed model are analysed by simulation of undrained triaxial tests with different water saturations.The finite element program is then used for the analysis of the influences of the soil saturation,density and position of the water table on the liquefaction of a soil layer subjected to cyclic loading.Results show that the soil saturation significantly affects the liquefaction of partially saturated sandy layers.The decrease in the soil saturation results in a reduction of liquefaction risk.

Smart system for safe and optimal soil investigation in urban areas

This paper discusses the challenges and diffculties experienced during soil investigation in urban areas using drilling machines and soil sampling.The focus is on the consequences of a lack of data on the subsoil profile and presence of utilities,which could cause major accidents with severe economic and social losses,resulting in constriction activities being delayed and urban services being disrupted.This paper describes certain accidents related to soil investigation in Qatar and their consequences,as well as the lessons learned from these accidents.In order to meet the challenges of soil investigation in urban areas,this paper presents a solution based on smart tech-nology,which includes:(i)a geotechnical information system with update data concerning the soil profile,soil surface,utilities locations,and water table level;(ii)tools for data management,analysis,and visualization;and(iii)a user interface that allows authorities,com-panies,and citizens to access authorized data via a graphic interface,update data,and send messages and alerts in the case of any inci-dent occurring.Finally,the paper presents a promising perspective for the development of smart drilling devices,which record data related to the functioning of a drilling machine and transmit data to the smart soil investigation system.

Special issue Smart Underground Space

This special issue aims at promoting the use of the Smart Technology in the management of the Underground Space.This promising technology meets already a world-wide concern through the development and implementation of different concepts such as Smart City,Smart Grid,Smart Water,Smart District Heating,Smart Buildings,Smart Transport,Smart Health and Smart Education.The large success of this technology results from combining both dig-ital technology and collective intelligence for the construc-tion of inclusive and knowledge-based methods for the optimal management of complex urban systems.