EFFECT OF COMBINATION METHODS ON INSECT DISINFESTATION AND QUALITY OF PLANT NUTS

Almond, groundnut, pinenut and walnut, were radiated (0.25 kGy) after packing in coloured and clear polyethylene bags (0.04mm) and subsequently stored for 24 weeks at room (16-36℃) and low temperatures (10-20℃). The effect of these treatments on insect infestation and quality was studied. It was observed that radiation (0.25 kGy) treatment in combination with low temperature (10-20℃) completely checked the insect infestation of nuts during 24 weeks of storage. Peroxidation was higher in samples stored at room than at low temperature. Storage period had a marked adverse influence on sensory quality of nuts, however, samples kept at low temperature were comparatively rated higher.

秸秆覆盖和生物炭对玉米田间地温和产量的影响

为了探究秸秆覆盖和生物炭对土壤温度和玉米产量的影响,设置2种覆盖方式(不覆盖和秸秆覆盖)和3个生物炭施用量水平(0、4和12 t·hm-2)的田间小区试验,对玉米田间地温和产量及产量性状进行分析。结果表明:秸秆覆盖显著降低土壤温度,降温效应在不同土层上表现为随土层深度的增大而减小,在全生育期内表现为前期大、后期小的变化趋势;在不同覆盖条件下,生物炭对地温的影响有所不同,在不覆盖条件下,生物炭处理有增温保温效应,随生物炭施用量的增大而增大;在秸秆覆盖条件下,生物炭对0～10 cm土层有降温效应,而对15～25 cm土层则有增温效应;秸秆覆盖和生物炭处理均能显著提高玉米产量、产量构成和经济系数,其中秸秆覆盖和12 t·hm-2生物炭组合处理的玉米产量最高,产量、产量构成和经济系数显著高于对照,较对照分别提高24.2%、6.4%～15.7%和15.0%;各产量构成因素中穗长和行粒数对产量影响最大,其中穗长与产量表现为负相关关系,行粒数与产量表现为正相关关系。