Objective To investigate the effect of hydrosalpinges on embryo impla ntation. Design Prospective study. Setting Private fertility and university hospitals. Pa tient(s) Eighteen patients with unilateral or bilateral h...Objective To investigate the effect of hydrosalpinges on embryo impla ntation. Design Prospective study. Setting Private fertility and university hospitals. Pa tient(s) Eighteen patients with unilateral or bilateral hydrosalpinges who under went salpingectomy. Intervention(s) Pre-and posttreatment endometrial biopsies for immunohistochemical evaluation. Main outcome measure(s) Pre-and posttreatme nt lymphocyte populations in endometrial samples, evaluated by immunohistochemic al identification. Result(s) Endometrial samples from pretreatment exhibited sma ll lymphocytic clusters of CD3+, CD8+, CD4+, granzyme B positive, and CD56+. After salpingectomy, the numbers of cluster lesions were significantly decrease d. Conclusion( s) Because a characteristic distribution of lymphocytes in endome trium with hydrosalpinges was found, activation of T/NK (natural killer) lymphoc ytes in endometrium might be involved in the impairment of embryo implantation i n cases of hydrosalpinges.展开更多
Background: Postoperative vomiting (POV) after pediatric strabismus surgery remains a major problem. Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a single dose of ramosetron, a new serotonin antagonist, for preven...Background: Postoperative vomiting (POV) after pediatric strabismus surgery remains a major problem. Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a single dose of ramosetron, a new serotonin antagonist, for preventing POV in children undergoing strabismus surgery. Method: In a prospective, randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled study, 80 children (38 boys and 42 girls), aged 4 to 10 years, scheduled for strabismus surgery, received intravenously either placebo or ramosetr-on at 1 of 3 different doses (3 μ g/kg, 6 μ g/kg, or 12 μ g/kg) (n=20 each) at the end of the surgical procedure. A standard general anesthetic technique was used. Main Outcome Measures: Emetic episodes were recorded and safety assessments performed during the first and second 24- hour periods (ie, 0- 24 and 24- 48 hours) after receiving anesthesia. Results: The rate of patients who were emesis-free (defined as no retching and no vomiting), during the 0- to 24- hour period after anesthesia was 35% with3 μ g/kg of ramosetron (P=.37), 90% with 6 μ g/kg of ramosetron (P=.001), and 90% with 12 μ g/kg of ramosetron (P=.001) compared with placebo (25% ). The corresponding rate during the 24- to 48- hour period after anesthesia was 40% (P=.371), 90% (P=.001), and 90% (P=.001), respectively, compared with placebo (30% ). No clinically important adverse events were observed in any group. Conclusions: A 6- μ g/kg dose of ramosetron is sufficient, but a 3- μ g/kg dose is insufficient for preventing POV during the 0- to 48- hour period after anesthesia in children undergoing strabismus surgery. Increasing the dose to 12 μ g/kg of ramosetron provides no demonstrable additional benefit.展开更多
文摘Objective To investigate the effect of hydrosalpinges on embryo impla ntation. Design Prospective study. Setting Private fertility and university hospitals. Pa tient(s) Eighteen patients with unilateral or bilateral hydrosalpinges who under went salpingectomy. Intervention(s) Pre-and posttreatment endometrial biopsies for immunohistochemical evaluation. Main outcome measure(s) Pre-and posttreatme nt lymphocyte populations in endometrial samples, evaluated by immunohistochemic al identification. Result(s) Endometrial samples from pretreatment exhibited sma ll lymphocytic clusters of CD3+, CD8+, CD4+, granzyme B positive, and CD56+. After salpingectomy, the numbers of cluster lesions were significantly decrease d. Conclusion( s) Because a characteristic distribution of lymphocytes in endome trium with hydrosalpinges was found, activation of T/NK (natural killer) lymphoc ytes in endometrium might be involved in the impairment of embryo implantation i n cases of hydrosalpinges.
文摘Background: Postoperative vomiting (POV) after pediatric strabismus surgery remains a major problem. Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a single dose of ramosetron, a new serotonin antagonist, for preventing POV in children undergoing strabismus surgery. Method: In a prospective, randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled study, 80 children (38 boys and 42 girls), aged 4 to 10 years, scheduled for strabismus surgery, received intravenously either placebo or ramosetr-on at 1 of 3 different doses (3 μ g/kg, 6 μ g/kg, or 12 μ g/kg) (n=20 each) at the end of the surgical procedure. A standard general anesthetic technique was used. Main Outcome Measures: Emetic episodes were recorded and safety assessments performed during the first and second 24- hour periods (ie, 0- 24 and 24- 48 hours) after receiving anesthesia. Results: The rate of patients who were emesis-free (defined as no retching and no vomiting), during the 0- to 24- hour period after anesthesia was 35% with3 μ g/kg of ramosetron (P=.37), 90% with 6 μ g/kg of ramosetron (P=.001), and 90% with 12 μ g/kg of ramosetron (P=.001) compared with placebo (25% ). The corresponding rate during the 24- to 48- hour period after anesthesia was 40% (P=.371), 90% (P=.001), and 90% (P=.001), respectively, compared with placebo (30% ). No clinically important adverse events were observed in any group. Conclusions: A 6- μ g/kg dose of ramosetron is sufficient, but a 3- μ g/kg dose is insufficient for preventing POV during the 0- to 48- hour period after anesthesia in children undergoing strabismus surgery. Increasing the dose to 12 μ g/kg of ramosetron provides no demonstrable additional benefit.
