Objective: Information regarding the development of the enteric nervous system(ENS) is important for understanding the functional abnormalities of the gut.Because fertilized chicken eggs provide easy access to embryos...Objective: Information regarding the development of the enteric nervous system(ENS) is important for understanding the functional abnormalities of the gut.Because fertilized chicken eggs provide easy access to embryos,chicken models have been widely used to study embryonic development of myenteric plexus;however,no study has been focused on the postnatal period.The aim of this study was to perform a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the nitrergic neurons in the myenteric plexus of developing chickens in the postnatal period.Methods: Whole-mount preparations of the myenteric plexus were made in 7-d,15-d,and 40-d old(adult) chickens of either sex(n=15).The myenteric plexus was studied after nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate diaphorase(NADPH-d) histochemistry using light microscopy,digital photography,and Image-Pro Plus 6.0 software.The numbers of positively stained neurons and ganglia were counted in the duodenum,jejunum,ileum,caecum,and colon in the different age groups.Data were expressed as mean±standard deviation(SD),and statistical analysis was performed using a one-way analysis of variance(ANOVA) test.Results: The positively stained neurons showed various morphologies and staining intensities,and formed bead-shaped and U-shaped arrangements in the myenteric plexus.The densities of neurons and ganglia increased with age.However,the number of positive neurons per ganglion increased.The number of NADPH-d-positive neurons was highest in the colon,followed by the ileum,the jejunum,the duodenum,and the caeca in all age groups.Conclusions: Developmental changes in the myenteric plexus of chickens continue in the postnatal period,indicating that the maturation process of the gastrointestinal function is gradual.In addition,no significant difference is happening among different intestinal segments during postnatal development,suggesting that the function of different intestinal segments had been determined after birth.展开更多
Nitric oxide(NO)is an important inhibitory neurotransmitter,synthesized by the enzyme nitric oxide synthase(NOS)locally in many tissues.The histochemical technique using nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-diaphorase/ni...Nitric oxide(NO)is an important inhibitory neurotransmitter,synthesized by the enzyme nitric oxide synthase(NOS)locally in many tissues.The histochemical technique using nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-diaphorase/nitric oxide synthase(NADPH-d/NOS)is often employed to determine the presence of this enzyme in the neuronal as well as other cell populations.We展开更多
In the goat oviductal isthmus,the ICC showed spindle shaped bipolar morphologies with a large nuclear to cytoplasmic content ratio,numerous mitochondria,rough endoplasmic reticulum and many caveolae.They were frequent...In the goat oviductal isthmus,the ICC showed spindle shaped bipolar morphologies with a large nuclear to cytoplasmic content ratio,numerous mitochondria,rough endoplasmic reticulum and many caveolae.They were frequently found near the nerve fibers and the blood vessels.No specialized contacts could be observed between the ICC and the muscles or nerves,except the labyrinthic展开更多
The motility of the oviduct is not just the cellular interplay,but there are complex underlying phenomenon brought about by the specific molecules,the neurotransmitters that drive this activity in a highly organized m...The motility of the oviduct is not just the cellular interplay,but there are complex underlying phenomenon brought about by the specific molecules,the neurotransmitters that drive this activity in a highly organized manner.Acetylcholine is an important excitatory neurotransmitter that causes the contraction of smooth muscle.We have demonstrated the localization of acetylcholine in展开更多
c-Kit is an oncogene,a member of tyrosine kinase family,it is believed as a specific marker of the interstitial cells of Cajal(ICC).Using the quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR),we have demonstra...c-Kit is an oncogene,a member of tyrosine kinase family,it is believed as a specific marker of the interstitial cells of Cajal(ICC).Using the quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR),we have demonstrated the mRNA expression of c-Kit gene in the five segments of the chicken oviduct,the infundibulum,magnum,isthmus,uterus(shell gland),and vagina.The TEM observations展开更多
The interstitial cells of Cajal(ICC)are widely believed to be neuroeffector cells of smooth muscle activity in all tubular organs in mammals,including the oviduct.The avian oviduct involves the secretion,sheathing,and...The interstitial cells of Cajal(ICC)are widely believed to be neuroeffector cells of smooth muscle activity in all tubular organs in mammals,including the oviduct.The avian oviduct involves the secretion,sheathing,and transportation of a large-sized egg,but there is no information available on ICC in this special organ.We have demonstrated the presence of ICC in different segments展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.31172282 and 31272521)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutionsthe Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province for Youths(No.BK20130681),China
文摘Objective: Information regarding the development of the enteric nervous system(ENS) is important for understanding the functional abnormalities of the gut.Because fertilized chicken eggs provide easy access to embryos,chicken models have been widely used to study embryonic development of myenteric plexus;however,no study has been focused on the postnatal period.The aim of this study was to perform a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the nitrergic neurons in the myenteric plexus of developing chickens in the postnatal period.Methods: Whole-mount preparations of the myenteric plexus were made in 7-d,15-d,and 40-d old(adult) chickens of either sex(n=15).The myenteric plexus was studied after nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate diaphorase(NADPH-d) histochemistry using light microscopy,digital photography,and Image-Pro Plus 6.0 software.The numbers of positively stained neurons and ganglia were counted in the duodenum,jejunum,ileum,caecum,and colon in the different age groups.Data were expressed as mean±standard deviation(SD),and statistical analysis was performed using a one-way analysis of variance(ANOVA) test.Results: The positively stained neurons showed various morphologies and staining intensities,and formed bead-shaped and U-shaped arrangements in the myenteric plexus.The densities of neurons and ganglia increased with age.However,the number of positive neurons per ganglion increased.The number of NADPH-d-positive neurons was highest in the colon,followed by the ileum,the jejunum,the duodenum,and the caeca in all age groups.Conclusions: Developmental changes in the myenteric plexus of chickens continue in the postnatal period,indicating that the maturation process of the gastrointestinal function is gradual.In addition,no significant difference is happening among different intestinal segments during postnatal development,suggesting that the function of different intestinal segments had been determined after birth.
文摘Nitric oxide(NO)is an important inhibitory neurotransmitter,synthesized by the enzyme nitric oxide synthase(NOS)locally in many tissues.The histochemical technique using nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-diaphorase/nitric oxide synthase(NADPH-d/NOS)is often employed to determine the presence of this enzyme in the neuronal as well as other cell populations.We
文摘In the goat oviductal isthmus,the ICC showed spindle shaped bipolar morphologies with a large nuclear to cytoplasmic content ratio,numerous mitochondria,rough endoplasmic reticulum and many caveolae.They were frequently found near the nerve fibers and the blood vessels.No specialized contacts could be observed between the ICC and the muscles or nerves,except the labyrinthic
文摘The motility of the oviduct is not just the cellular interplay,but there are complex underlying phenomenon brought about by the specific molecules,the neurotransmitters that drive this activity in a highly organized manner.Acetylcholine is an important excitatory neurotransmitter that causes the contraction of smooth muscle.We have demonstrated the localization of acetylcholine in
文摘c-Kit is an oncogene,a member of tyrosine kinase family,it is believed as a specific marker of the interstitial cells of Cajal(ICC).Using the quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR),we have demonstrated the mRNA expression of c-Kit gene in the five segments of the chicken oviduct,the infundibulum,magnum,isthmus,uterus(shell gland),and vagina.The TEM observations
文摘The interstitial cells of Cajal(ICC)are widely believed to be neuroeffector cells of smooth muscle activity in all tubular organs in mammals,including the oviduct.The avian oviduct involves the secretion,sheathing,and transportation of a large-sized egg,but there is no information available on ICC in this special organ.We have demonstrated the presence of ICC in different segments
