我国9个县(区)慢性病患者焦虑、抑郁状况及心理健康需求评估结果分析

目的了解慢性病患者的焦虑、抑郁状况并掌握慢性病患者对心理健康促进的需求。方法采用整群抽样的方法,在9个县/区各随机抽取6个社区,每个社区各抽取不少于190名慢性病患者,对其焦虑、抑郁状况及心理健康需求进行问卷调查。同时,对慢性病患者进行小组访谈,对医生进行一对一的深入访谈,从患者和医生两个视角获得慢性病患者焦虑、抑郁状况、心理问题的应对及需求等信息。结果焦虑、抑郁状况调查结果显示,慢性病患者中焦虑症状者比例占16.1%,抑郁症状者比例占24.7%。需求评估结果显示,慢性病患者迫切需要改善的心理状况前3位依次是:失眠(30.6%)、紧张/不能放松(25.4%)以及易怒/急躁(22.5%)。大部分慢性病患者希望能够开展以社区为基础、以心理健康为主题的专家讲座;社区能够提供心理健康咨询服务,对有需求的个体进行一对一的辅导。结论女性慢性病患者伴有焦虑和抑郁症状的比例高于男性。慢性病患者在促进自身心理健康方面有改善失眠、紧张、易怒等状况的需求。对于慢性病患者的心理干预应与躯体疾病干预相结合,在慢性病管理活动中融入心理健康的知识和技能,以促进慢性病患者的身心健康。

Studies on Lead(Ⅱ) Complexes of Ferrocenylaldehyde Aroylhydrazones

The complexes of four ferrocenylaldehyde aroylhydrazones with lead(Ⅱ) were synthesized and characterized. Their compositions, bonding forms and properties were researched by means of elemental analysis, IR, UV Vis, 1H NMR spectra, thermal analysis and molar conductance. The free ligands which existed in the keto form coordinated to lead(Ⅱ) in the enol form to form neutral complexes. The molar ratio of the ligand to lead(Ⅱ) is 2∶1 and the thermal stability of the complex is higher than that of the corresponding ligand because of the formation of the stable chelate ring. The ligands and the complexes are all non electrolytes.