吗啡通过激活VEGF/VEGFR信号通路促进人结肠肿瘤细胞转移

目的:探讨吗啡对结肠肿瘤细胞功能的影响及其机制。方法:蛋白免疫印迹实验检测结肠肿瘤细胞系中VEGF、VEGFR的表达量,10μM、100μM吗啡处理HCT116细胞后VFGF、VEGFR、p-VEGFR的表达量变化。Transwell实验检测吗啡对结肠肿瘤细胞系HT29、HCT116侵袭迁移的影响。结果:蛋白免疫印迹实验结果表明,VEGF和VEGFR的蛋白表达量在HCT116中较低,而吗啡可以促进HCT116细胞VEGF的表达量增加,同时上调VEGFR和p-VEGFR的表达水平。Transwell实验结果表明,吗啡可以促进HT29和HCT116的侵袭迁移。结论:吗啡可能通过激活VEGF/VEGFR信号通路促进人结肠肿瘤细胞侵袭和迁移。

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征活疫苗免疫效果观察

本试验将繁育母猪60头,随机分为免疫组和对照组,每组各30头,免疫组注射PRRS活疫苗(R98株),于母猪配种前一周接种,接种剂量2 mL/头;接种疫苗的母猪所产仔猪于断奶前一周接种PRRS活疫苗,接种剂量1 mL/头。对照组及所产仔猪不接种PRRS活疫苗。通过小群试验对比观察,收到了理想的免疫效果。在规模猪场和养猪大户中进一步推广应用,PRRS的流行得到了有效控制。

普拉洛芬滴眼液对实施白内障超声乳化抽吸联合房角分离术的原发性闭角型青光眼合并白内障患者预后的影响

目的 观察普拉洛芬滴眼液对实施白内障超声乳化抽吸联合房角分离术的原发性闭角型青光眼合并白内障患者预后的影响。方法 选取2022年1月至2023年12月在合肥市第二人民医院眼科予以针对性治疗的原发性闭角型青光眼伴白内障患者共103例为此次试验的对象,通过随机数字表法分为两组,所有患者均予以白内障超声乳化抽吸联合房角分离术治疗,对照组52例患者术后予以重组牛碱性成纤维细胞生长因子眼用凝胶结合妥布霉素地塞米松滴眼液治疗,观察组51例患者术后加用普拉洛芬滴眼液治疗。比较两组并发症发生情况,手术后1个月的结膜充血和眼压、视功能相关生命质量量表(NEI-VFQ-25)评分和治疗满意度。结果 观察组术后并发症发生率[1.96%(1/51)]低于对照组[15.38%(8/52)],差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.257,P=0.039);观察组术后NEI-VFQ-25得分、眼压和结膜充血评分[分别为(44.23±2.04)分、(15.22±1.89) mm Hg(1 mm Hg≈0.133 kPa)、(1.04±0.27)分]优于对照组[分别为(32.26±2.84)分、(18.45±2.00) mm Hg、(1.42±0.33)分],差异有统计学意义(t=24.526、8.421、6.389,均P<0.05)。在满意度方面,观察组(96.07%,49/51)相较于对照组(84.61%,44/52)更高(χ^(2)=3.859,P<0.05)。结论 原发性闭角型青光眼伴白内障患者实施白内障超声乳化抽吸联合房角分离术术后应用普拉洛芬滴眼液能够降低并发症出现概率,改善日常生活质量以及眼部压力。

Curcumin exerts antinociceptive effects by inhibiting the activation of astrocytes in spinal dorsal horn and the intracellular extracellular signal-regulated kinase signaling pathway in rat model of chronic constriction injury

Background Activation of glial cells and the extracellular signal-regulated kinase （ERK） signaling pathway play an important role in the development and maintenance of neuropathic pain. Curcumin can alleviate the symptom of inflammatory pain by inhibiting the production and release of interleukin and tumor necrosis factor. However, whether curcumin affects neuropathic pain induced by nerve injury and the possible mechanism involved are still unknown. This study investigated the effects of tolerable doses of curcumin on the activation of astrocytes and ERK signaling in the spinal dorsal horn in rat model of neuropathic pain. Methods Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups： a control （sham operated） group, and chronic constriction injury groups （to induce neuropathic pain） that were either untreated or treated with curcumin. Thermal and mechanical hyperalgesia thresholds were measured. The distribution and morphological changes of astrocytes were observed by immunofluorescence. Western blotting was used to detect changes in the expression of gtial fibrillary acid protein （GFAP） and phosphorylated ERK. Results Injured rats showed obvious mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia. The number of GFAP-positive astrocytes, and the fluorescence intensity of GFAP were significantly increased in the spinal dorsal horn of injured compared with control rats. The soma of astrocytes also appeared hypertrophied in injured animals. Expression of GFAP and phosphorylated ERK was also significantly increased in the spinal dorsal horn of injured compared with control rats. Curcumin reduced the injury-induced thermal and mechanical hyperalgesia, the increase in the fluorescence intensity of GFAP and the hypertrophy of astrocytic soma, activation of GFAP and phosphorylation of ERK in the spinal dorsal horn. Conclusions Curcumin can markedly alleviate nerve injury-induced neuropathic pain in rats. The analgesic effect of curcumin may be attributed to its inhibition of astrocyte hypertrophy in the spinal dorsal horn and phosphorylation of the ERK signaling pathway.

Expression changes of parvalbumin and microtubule-associated protein 2 induced by chronic constriction injury in rat dorsal root ganglia

Background Parvalbumin （PV）, as a mobile endogenous calcium buffer, plays an important role in affecting temporospatial characteristics of calcium transients and in modulating calcium homeostasis. PV is expressed in neurons in the dorsal root ganglion （DRG） and spinal dorsal horn and may be involved in synaptic transmission through regulating cytoplasm calcium concentrations. But the exact role of PV in peripheral sensory neurons remains unknown.Microtubule-associated protein 2 （MAP-2）, belonging to structural microtubule-associated protein family, is especially vulnerable to acute central nervous system （CNS） injury, and there will be rapid loss of MAP-2 at the injury site. The present study investigated the changes of PV expressing neurons and the MAP-2 neurons in the DRG after an operation for chronic constriction injury to the unilateral sciatic nerve （CCI-SN）, in order to demonstrate the possible roles of PV and MAP-2 in transmission and modulation of peripheral nociceptive information.Methods Seventy-two adult male Sprague-Dawley （SD） rats, weighing 180-220 g, were randomly divided into two groups （36 rats in each group）, the sham operation group and chronic constriction injury （CCI） group. Six rats in each group were randomly selected to receive mechanical and thermal sensitivity tests at one day before operation and 1,3, 5,7, and 14 days after surgery. After pain behavioral test, ipsilateral lumbar fifth DRGs were removed and double immunofluorescence staining was performed to assess the expression changes of PV and of MAP2 expressing neurons in the L5 DRG before or after surgery.Results The animals with CCI-SN showed obvious mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia （P＜0.05）. Both the thermal and mechanical hyperalgesia decreased to their lowest degree at 7 days after surgery compared to the baseline before surgery （P＜0.01）. In normal rats before surgery, a large number of neurons were MAP-2 single labeled cells, and just a small number of PV-expressed neurons were found. PV-positive neurons, PV-positive nerve fibers and PV-negative neurons, formed a direct or close contact for cross-talk. We used immunocytochemical staining to quantify the time course of changes to PV and MAP-2 expressing neurons in tissue, and found that the number of PV expressing neurons began to slightly decrease at 3 days after surgery, and had a significant reduction at CCI day 5, day 7 （P＜0.05）. But MAP-2 neurons significantly decreased on just the 3rd day after CCI （P＜0.05）. No changes in PV and MAP-2 expression were almost found in sham operated rats. The number of PV positive neurons, was positively correlated with the hyperalgesia threshold.Conclusions A sharp decline in MAP-2 neurons may be the early response to surgical injury, and PV positive neurons were much more effective at affecting the changes of pain behaviors, indicating that the down-regulation of PV protein could participate in, at least in part, the modulation of nociceptive transmission.