【目的】本文研究了杂交稻南方水稻黑条矮缩病综合防治技术。【方法】在广西兴安县病圃,调查了25%吡虫啉拌种、播种后40目防虫网覆盖、出苗后15 d 25%噻嗪酮喷雾以及移栽前2 d 25%吡蚜酮喷雾带药移栽等单项措施及其各措施不同组合,对中...【目的】本文研究了杂交稻南方水稻黑条矮缩病综合防治技术。【方法】在广西兴安县病圃,调查了25%吡虫啉拌种、播种后40目防虫网覆盖、出苗后15 d 25%噻嗪酮喷雾以及移栽前2 d 25%吡蚜酮喷雾带药移栽等单项措施及其各措施不同组合,对中浙优8号、H两优991和Taichung Native(TN1)等3个水稻品种乳熟后期南方水稻黑条矮缩病发病株率的影响,以出现高位不育分蘖及明显矮化症状为病株标准。【结果】不同品种各处理中发病株率数据表明,中浙优8号对南方水稻黑条矮缩病具有抗性,而H两优991和TN1均为感病品种。在不同防治措施组合中,中浙优8号的平均发病株率为6.97%,各防治措施及其组合的相对防效在26.08%~75.38%,其中以防虫网覆盖+25%吡蚜酮带药移栽的防治效果最高;不同处理间H两优991的发病株率在9.63%~22.05%,在不同防治措施间无显著差异(P>0.05)但均显著低于本品种的空白对照,其中7个防治处理的平均病株率与中浙优8号空白对照相当(P>0.05);不同处理下的TN1发病株率均为100%。【结论】药剂拌种、防虫网覆盖结合带药移栽可以保护抗、感品种免受南方水稻黑条矮缩病侵袭;抗病品种与苗期全程保护技术相结合,可以更有效地控制病害发生。展开更多
目的探讨老年人行走功能状态与结肠镜检查前肠道准备质量的关系。方法选取2017年1月至2018年3月北京老年医院消化科住院期间行结肠镜检查的153例老年患者。检查前通过Barthel指数评价患者行走功能,并根据行走是否独立将患者分为行走正常...目的探讨老年人行走功能状态与结肠镜检查前肠道准备质量的关系。方法选取2017年1月至2018年3月北京老年医院消化科住院期间行结肠镜检查的153例老年患者。检查前通过Barthel指数评价患者行走功能,并根据行走是否独立将患者分为行走正常组82例及行走困难组71例。2组患者采取相同的肠道准备方法,记录肠道清洁完成情况并计算清洁有效率。采用SPSS 19.0统计软件进行分析。根据数据类型,组间比较采用独立样本t检验或χ2检验。相关性分析采用Spearman秩相关检验。结果与行走困难组比较,行走正常组患者完整服用肠道清洁剂的比例显著升高[87.8%(72/82) vs63.4%(45/71),P<0.01]。而在未完整服用肠道清洁剂的患者中,与行走困难组比较,行走正常组患者因不能忍受频繁排便的比例显著降低,差异有统计学意义[8.54%(7/82) vs 30.99%(22/71),P=0.001],但因不良反应导致未完整服用肠道清洁剂的比例2组差异无统计学意义[3. 66%(3/82) vs 5. 63%(4/71),P=0.705]。Spearman秩相关分析显示,行走功能状态与肠道准备清洁质量呈正相关(r=0.333,P<0.01)。结论老年患者行走功能状态与结肠镜检查前肠道准备质量相关,行走困难影响患者肠道准备质量。展开更多
A total of 638 isolates of rice blast （Magnaporthe oryzae） were isolated in 2002-2009 from different rice varieties in different regions of Sichuan, China and inoculated onto seven rice varieties （Lijiangxintuanhei...A total of 638 isolates of rice blast （Magnaporthe oryzae） were isolated in 2002-2009 from different rice varieties in different regions of Sichuan, China and inoculated onto seven rice varieties （Lijiangxintuanheigu, IR24, Minghui 63, Duohui 1, Chenghui 448, Neihui 99-14 and RHR-1） to differentiate the virulence types of the fungus and trace the changes. The virulence to the seven varieties was respectively scored at 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32 and 64. The total scores of individual M. grisea isolates which were the sum of scores infecting differential varieties could, in turn, be used for the nomenclature of the virulence types due to their accordance to the special virulence patterns. The 638 tested isolates were then differentiated into 56 different virulence types. Type 15 virulent to Lijiangxintuanheigu, IR24 and Minghui 63, and Type 127 virulent to all of the seven varieties were the most dominant virulence types respectively with the occurrence frequencies of 15.99% and 15.83%. Type 19 and other seven virulence types were not monitored during 2002-2009. Type 15 was the predominant virulence type in 2002, 2003, 2004 and 2007, whereas Type 127 had been the most dominant virulence type after 2005 except for the year 2007 when the province underwent severe drought. Five hundred and seven out of the 638 tested isolates were virulent to Minghui 63, and 89.58% of the 384 isolates virulent to either Duohui 1, Chenghui 448 or Neihui 99-14 were virulent to Minghui 63, which indicated the impact of the extensive plantation of hybrid rice Minghui 63 as the restorer line on the virulence evolution of M. oryzae in Sichuan. The virulence pattern of the dominant virulence types suggested that the acquiring of virulence to all the major resistant restorer lines was the main routes of the evolution in virulence of M. oryzae to hybrid rice in Sichuan. The virulence frequencies of the 638 tested isolates to IR24, Minghui 63, Duohui 1, Chenghui 448, Neihui 99-14 and RHR-1 were respectively 74.6%, 79.5%, 73.8%, 37.0%, 39.0% and 40.4%. The analysis for the sources of the different virulence type isolates indicated the pathogen on the newly released resistant varieties were stronger than conventional rice varieties which had become susceptible in the field since 1980s.展开更多
文摘【目的】本文研究了杂交稻南方水稻黑条矮缩病综合防治技术。【方法】在广西兴安县病圃,调查了25%吡虫啉拌种、播种后40目防虫网覆盖、出苗后15 d 25%噻嗪酮喷雾以及移栽前2 d 25%吡蚜酮喷雾带药移栽等单项措施及其各措施不同组合,对中浙优8号、H两优991和Taichung Native(TN1)等3个水稻品种乳熟后期南方水稻黑条矮缩病发病株率的影响,以出现高位不育分蘖及明显矮化症状为病株标准。【结果】不同品种各处理中发病株率数据表明,中浙优8号对南方水稻黑条矮缩病具有抗性,而H两优991和TN1均为感病品种。在不同防治措施组合中,中浙优8号的平均发病株率为6.97%,各防治措施及其组合的相对防效在26.08%~75.38%,其中以防虫网覆盖+25%吡蚜酮带药移栽的防治效果最高;不同处理间H两优991的发病株率在9.63%~22.05%,在不同防治措施间无显著差异(P>0.05)但均显著低于本品种的空白对照,其中7个防治处理的平均病株率与中浙优8号空白对照相当(P>0.05);不同处理下的TN1发病株率均为100%。【结论】药剂拌种、防虫网覆盖结合带药移栽可以保护抗、感品种免受南方水稻黑条矮缩病侵袭;抗病品种与苗期全程保护技术相结合,可以更有效地控制病害发生。
文摘目的探讨老年人行走功能状态与结肠镜检查前肠道准备质量的关系。方法选取2017年1月至2018年3月北京老年医院消化科住院期间行结肠镜检查的153例老年患者。检查前通过Barthel指数评价患者行走功能,并根据行走是否独立将患者分为行走正常组82例及行走困难组71例。2组患者采取相同的肠道准备方法,记录肠道清洁完成情况并计算清洁有效率。采用SPSS 19.0统计软件进行分析。根据数据类型,组间比较采用独立样本t检验或χ2检验。相关性分析采用Spearman秩相关检验。结果与行走困难组比较,行走正常组患者完整服用肠道清洁剂的比例显著升高[87.8%(72/82) vs63.4%(45/71),P<0.01]。而在未完整服用肠道清洁剂的患者中,与行走困难组比较,行走正常组患者因不能忍受频繁排便的比例显著降低,差异有统计学意义[8.54%(7/82) vs 30.99%(22/71),P=0.001],但因不良反应导致未完整服用肠道清洁剂的比例2组差异无统计学意义[3. 66%(3/82) vs 5. 63%(4/71),P=0.705]。Spearman秩相关分析显示,行走功能状态与肠道准备清洁质量呈正相关(r=0.333,P<0.01)。结论老年患者行走功能状态与结肠镜检查前肠道准备质量相关,行走困难影响患者肠道准备质量。
基金supported by the Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest (Grant No. 201203014)Sichuan Program for Major Crop,Poultry and Livestock Breeding,China (Grant No.2012YZGG-25-3)
文摘A total of 638 isolates of rice blast （Magnaporthe oryzae） were isolated in 2002-2009 from different rice varieties in different regions of Sichuan, China and inoculated onto seven rice varieties （Lijiangxintuanheigu, IR24, Minghui 63, Duohui 1, Chenghui 448, Neihui 99-14 and RHR-1） to differentiate the virulence types of the fungus and trace the changes. The virulence to the seven varieties was respectively scored at 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32 and 64. The total scores of individual M. grisea isolates which were the sum of scores infecting differential varieties could, in turn, be used for the nomenclature of the virulence types due to their accordance to the special virulence patterns. The 638 tested isolates were then differentiated into 56 different virulence types. Type 15 virulent to Lijiangxintuanheigu, IR24 and Minghui 63, and Type 127 virulent to all of the seven varieties were the most dominant virulence types respectively with the occurrence frequencies of 15.99% and 15.83%. Type 19 and other seven virulence types were not monitored during 2002-2009. Type 15 was the predominant virulence type in 2002, 2003, 2004 and 2007, whereas Type 127 had been the most dominant virulence type after 2005 except for the year 2007 when the province underwent severe drought. Five hundred and seven out of the 638 tested isolates were virulent to Minghui 63, and 89.58% of the 384 isolates virulent to either Duohui 1, Chenghui 448 or Neihui 99-14 were virulent to Minghui 63, which indicated the impact of the extensive plantation of hybrid rice Minghui 63 as the restorer line on the virulence evolution of M. oryzae in Sichuan. The virulence pattern of the dominant virulence types suggested that the acquiring of virulence to all the major resistant restorer lines was the main routes of the evolution in virulence of M. oryzae to hybrid rice in Sichuan. The virulence frequencies of the 638 tested isolates to IR24, Minghui 63, Duohui 1, Chenghui 448, Neihui 99-14 and RHR-1 were respectively 74.6%, 79.5%, 73.8%, 37.0%, 39.0% and 40.4%. The analysis for the sources of the different virulence type isolates indicated the pathogen on the newly released resistant varieties were stronger than conventional rice varieties which had become susceptible in the field since 1980s.
