A review of carbon nanotubes in modern electrochemical energy storage

The quest for sustainable energy storage solutions is more critical than ever,with the rise in global energy demand and the urgency of transition from fossil fuels to renewable sources.Carbon nanotubes(CNTs),with their exceptional electrical conduct-ivity and structural integrity,are at the forefront of this endeavor,offering promising ways for the advance of electrochemical energy storage(EES)devices.This review provides an analysis of the synthesis,properties,and applications of CNTs in the context of EES.We explore the evolution of CNT synthesis methods,including arc discharge,laser ablation,and chemical vapor deposition,and highlight the recent developments in metal-organic framework-derived CNTs and a novel CNT aggregate with a three-dimensional ordered macroporous structure.We also examine the role of CNTs in improving the performance of various EES devices such as lith-ium-ion,lithium-metal,lithium-sulfur,sodium,and flexible batteries as well as supercapacitors.We underscore the challenges that remain,including the scalability of CNT synthesis and the integration of CNTs in electrode materials,and propose potential solu-tions and future research directions.The review presents a forward-looking perspective on the pivotal role of CNTs in shaping the fu-ture of sustainable EES technologies.

玻璃化冷冻对猪GV期卵母细胞及其DNA的影响

为了探索对猪GV期卵母细胞低毒性以及冷冻效果好的最佳冷冻保护液,并对玻璃化冷冻卵母细胞及其DNA损伤进行评价,本研究以猪GV期卵母细胞作为试验材料,应用玻璃化冷冻方法,就目前应用最多的六种冷冻保护液进行筛选,筛选出最合适的冷冻保护液;透射电镜观察冷冻卵母细胞超微结构的变化;采用彗星电泳技术检测玻璃化冷冻对卵母细胞DNA的影响。结果发现,以二甲基亚砜DMSO和乙二醇EG为主要成分的(HM+7.5%DMSO+7.5%EG)、HM+17%DMSO+17%EG+0.4 mol/L Su)冷冻保护液对猪GV期卵母细胞的损伤最小;玻璃化冷冻后卵母细胞透明带、细胞膜损伤,微绒毛消失,线粒体肿胀、基质不均、嵴不明显,胞质内溶解为絮状,有大量空泡;冷冻保护液处理组(未进行玻璃化冷冻)卵母细胞DNA损伤与对照组差异不显著,玻璃化冷冻组卵母细胞DNA损伤与冷冻保护液处理组和对照组均差异显著。结果表明,以DMSO和EG为主要成分的冷冻保护液适合用于对猪GV期卵母细胞玻璃化冷冻,同时也证实了DNA的损伤主要是由玻璃化冷冻过程的机械损伤所致。

非特异性酯酶及酸性和碱性磷酸酶在奥尼罗非鱼消化道的分布

本研究利用石蜡切片结合组织化学方法研究奥尼罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus♀×O.aureus♂)消化道内非特异性酯酶、酸性磷酸酶和碱性磷酸酶的分布特点。结果发现,非特异性酯酶大量密集分布在前肠,其次为胃、食管和中肠,极少数零散分布在后肠。酸性磷酸酶主要分布于奥尼罗非鱼前肠,其次为中肠和胃,极少数分布在食管和后肠。碱性磷酸酶大量密集分布在奥尼罗非鱼前肠和中肠,其次为胃、食管和后肠。结果表明,奥尼罗非鱼前肠、中肠、食管和胃有较强的吸收和消化脂质功能,前肠、中肠和胃是蛋白质吸收和消化的主要部位,前肠和中肠是营养物质吸收的主要部位。

奥尼罗非鱼胃肠道中肥大细胞的分布特征

本研究采用改良甲苯胺蓝染色法探讨了奥尼罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus ♀×O. aureus♂)胃肠道肥大细胞的分布及其形态特点。结果发现,经甲苯胺蓝染色的肥大细胞其核着深蓝色,颗粒被染成紫红色,着色深浅不一。肥大细胞大小不一,形态各异,呈圆形、椭圆形或梭形、菱形,散在或集中分布在黏膜层固有膜和黏膜下层,尤其常见分布于小血管周围。经统计,肥大细胞在奥尼罗非鱼的胃、幽门盲囊、后肠、前肠、中肠的数量依次减少。胃和幽门盲囊内肥大细胞数量显著高于前肠和中肠(P<0.05),与后肠无显著差异;前肠、中肠和后肠内肥大细胞数量并无明显差别。