目的探究在医联体内进行糖尿病视网膜病变筛查模式的方法。方法纳入2019年1—12月重庆医科大学附属大学城医院与所属医联体单位明确诊断糖尿病的患者1980例为研究对象。对患者进行糖尿病视网膜病变相关眼科检查及问卷调查,评价患者生活...目的探究在医联体内进行糖尿病视网膜病变筛查模式的方法。方法纳入2019年1—12月重庆医科大学附属大学城医院与所属医联体单位明确诊断糖尿病的患者1980例为研究对象。对患者进行糖尿病视网膜病变相关眼科检查及问卷调查,评价患者生活方式及糖尿病视网膜病变发生情况。进而讨论在目前医联体模式下为患者提供健康教育、疾病预防、诊断、治疗、康复、护理等连续医疗服务的管理模式。结果按照纳入标准和排除标准,最终符合要求的患者763例。对这些患者进行资料统计,发现男女比例差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);身体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)检查超重患者比例较高,空腹血糖>7.0 mmol/L的患者占比68.68%,15.33%的患者出现糖尿病视网膜病变。糖尿病视网膜病变患者中,出现严重糖尿病视网膜病变患者为11.27%。结论构建和实施医联体模式下糖尿病视网膜病变筛查预防模式,能有效促进患者糖尿病视网膜病变预防和治疗,防止严重并发症的发生。展开更多
This study examines the expansion of drylands and regional climate change in northern China by analyzing the variations in aridity index (AI), surface air temperature (SAT), precipitation and potential evapotransp...This study examines the expansion of drylands and regional climate change in northern China by analyzing the variations in aridity index (AI), surface air temperature (SAT), precipitation and potential evapotranspiration (PET) from 1948 to 2008. It is found that the drylands of northern China have expanded remarkably in the last 61 years. The area of drylands of the last 15 years (1994--2008) is 0.65 × 106 km2 (12%) larger than that in the period 1948-62. The boundary of drylands has extended eastward over Northeast China by about 2 °of longitude and by about 1° of latitude to the south along the middle- to-lower reaches of the Yellow River. A zonal band of expansion of semi-arid regions has occurred, stretching from western Heilongjiang Province to southern Gansu Province, while shifts to the east of semi-arid regions in dry subhumid regions have also occurred. Results show that the aridity trend of drylands in northern China is highly correlated with the long-term trend of precipitation and PET, and the expansion of semi-arid regions plays a dominant role in the areal extent of drylands, which is nearly 10 times larger than that in arid and subhumid regions.展开更多
A comparison of observations with 20 climate model simulations from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, Phase 5 (CMIP5) revealed that observed dryland expansion amounted to 2.61 × 10^6 km^2 during the 58...A comparison of observations with 20 climate model simulations from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, Phase 5 (CMIP5) revealed that observed dryland expansion amounted to 2.61 × 10^6 km^2 during the 58 years from 1948 to 2005, which was four times higher than that in the simulations (0.55 × 10^6 km^2). Dryland expansion was accompanied by a decline in aridity index (AI) (drying trend) as a result of decreased precipitation and increased potential evapotranspiration across all dryland subtype areas in the observations, especially in the semi-arid and dry subhumid regions. However, the CMIP5 multi-model ensemble (MME) average performed poorly with regard to the decreasing trends of AI and precipitation. By analyzing the factors controlling AI, we found that the overall bias of AI in the simulations, compared with observations, was largely due to limitations in the simulation of precipitation. The simulated precipitation over global drylands was substantially overestimated compared with observations across all subtype areas, and the spatial distribution of precipitation in the MME was largely inconsistent in the African Sahel, East Asia, and eastern Australia, where the semi-arid and dry subhumid regions were mainly located.展开更多
文摘目的探究在医联体内进行糖尿病视网膜病变筛查模式的方法。方法纳入2019年1—12月重庆医科大学附属大学城医院与所属医联体单位明确诊断糖尿病的患者1980例为研究对象。对患者进行糖尿病视网膜病变相关眼科检查及问卷调查,评价患者生活方式及糖尿病视网膜病变发生情况。进而讨论在目前医联体模式下为患者提供健康教育、疾病预防、诊断、治疗、康复、护理等连续医疗服务的管理模式。结果按照纳入标准和排除标准,最终符合要求的患者763例。对这些患者进行资料统计,发现男女比例差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);身体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)检查超重患者比例较高,空腹血糖>7.0 mmol/L的患者占比68.68%,15.33%的患者出现糖尿病视网膜病变。糖尿病视网膜病变患者中,出现严重糖尿病视网膜病变患者为11.27%。结论构建和实施医联体模式下糖尿病视网膜病变筛查预防模式,能有效促进患者糖尿病视网膜病变预防和治疗,防止严重并发症的发生。
基金jointly supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2012CB 955301)the National Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 41175134 and 41305060)a China 111 project (Grant No. B13045)
文摘This study examines the expansion of drylands and regional climate change in northern China by analyzing the variations in aridity index (AI), surface air temperature (SAT), precipitation and potential evapotranspiration (PET) from 1948 to 2008. It is found that the drylands of northern China have expanded remarkably in the last 61 years. The area of drylands of the last 15 years (1994--2008) is 0.65 × 106 km2 (12%) larger than that in the period 1948-62. The boundary of drylands has extended eastward over Northeast China by about 2 °of longitude and by about 1° of latitude to the south along the middle- to-lower reaches of the Yellow River. A zonal band of expansion of semi-arid regions has occurred, stretching from western Heilongjiang Province to southern Gansu Province, while shifts to the east of semi-arid regions in dry subhumid regions have also occurred. Results show that the aridity trend of drylands in northern China is highly correlated with the long-term trend of precipitation and PET, and the expansion of semi-arid regions plays a dominant role in the areal extent of drylands, which is nearly 10 times larger than that in arid and subhumid regions.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No.2012CB 955301)the National Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.41175134 and 41305060)the Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University (Grant No.IRT1018)
文摘A comparison of observations with 20 climate model simulations from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, Phase 5 (CMIP5) revealed that observed dryland expansion amounted to 2.61 × 10^6 km^2 during the 58 years from 1948 to 2005, which was four times higher than that in the simulations (0.55 × 10^6 km^2). Dryland expansion was accompanied by a decline in aridity index (AI) (drying trend) as a result of decreased precipitation and increased potential evapotranspiration across all dryland subtype areas in the observations, especially in the semi-arid and dry subhumid regions. However, the CMIP5 multi-model ensemble (MME) average performed poorly with regard to the decreasing trends of AI and precipitation. By analyzing the factors controlling AI, we found that the overall bias of AI in the simulations, compared with observations, was largely due to limitations in the simulation of precipitation. The simulated precipitation over global drylands was substantially overestimated compared with observations across all subtype areas, and the spatial distribution of precipitation in the MME was largely inconsistent in the African Sahel, East Asia, and eastern Australia, where the semi-arid and dry subhumid regions were mainly located.