本文介绍了Bárány协会国际前庭疾病分类(International Classification of Vestibular Disorders,ICVD)委员会和国际头痛协会偏头痛分类小组所提出的"儿童前庭性偏头痛"(vestibular migraine of childhood,VMC)、&q...本文介绍了Bárány协会国际前庭疾病分类(International Classification of Vestibular Disorders,ICVD)委员会和国际头痛协会偏头痛分类小组所提出的"儿童前庭性偏头痛"(vestibular migraine of childhood,VMC)、"很可能的儿童前庭性偏头痛"(probable VMC,pVMC)和"儿童复发性眩晕"(recurrent vertigo of childhood,RVC)的诊断标准。偏头痛在儿童期不同复发性眩晕亚型中起着重要作用。在此分类文件中,VMC、p VMC和RVC这3种与偏头痛相关的一组谱系疾病分类,上述诊断标准中的偏头痛成分为确定、很可能及可能不存在。VMC的诊断标准:(A)至少5次中度或重度前庭症状发作,持续时间5分钟~72小时;(B)当前或既往有伴或不伴先兆的偏头痛病史;(C)至少50%的发作与至少1种偏头痛样症状相关。pVMC的诊断标准:至少3次中度或重度前庭症状发作,持续时间5分钟~72小时,符合VMC诊断标准B或C中的1项。RVC的诊断标准:至少3次中度或重度前庭症状发作,持续时间为1分钟~72小时,VMC诊断标准中的B和C均不符合。对于以上3种疾病,患者的年龄必须<18岁。建议将来的研究应特别关注RVC,以研究和确定其可能的亚型及其与偏头痛的关系。展开更多
Background: Cardiovascular disease and sudden cardiac death are common in hemodialysis patients. These cardiac complications are often associated with prolonged QTc interval (QTc) and QTc dispersion (QTcd). Subclinica...Background: Cardiovascular disease and sudden cardiac death are common in hemodialysis patients. These cardiac complications are often associated with prolonged QTc interval (QTc) and QTc dispersion (QTcd). Subclinical hypothyroidism (SH) can alter autonomic modulation of heart rate and cause increased inhomogeneity of ventricular recovery time. We aimed to evaluate the relationship between thyroid hormone levels and QTc and QTcd in non-diabetic hemodialysis patients. Methods: We enrolled 29 non-diabetic hemodialysis patients without thyroid disease. After each hemodialysis session, a 12-lead ECG was recorded. Before each hemodialysis session, routine laboratory tests and measurement of thyroid hormone levels were performed. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to QTc (group 1 QTc ms, group 2 QTc ≥ 430 ms). We examined the relationship between QTc or QTcd and thyroid hormone in the respective groups and then compared the results from the 2 groups. Results: The mean age was 54.06 ± 14.72 years and the means of QTc and QTcd were 433.82 ± 22.03 ms, 59.10 ± 28.29 ms, respectively. Homocysteine levels were significant higher in group 2 than group 1 (p 0.05) and QTcd was comparable between groups. In group 1, QTc and QTcd were not significant correlated with TSH, T3, fT4 and biochemical parameters. In group 2, QTc was significant positively correlated with TSH (p 0.05) and QTcd was not significant correlated with thyroid hormone levels. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that TSH is associated with prolonged QTc interval and hyperhomocysteinemia in non-diabetic hemodialysis patients. Moreover, we suggest that SH may be associated with prolonged QTc in non-diabetic hemodialysis patients. However, further studies are required to elucidate the role of the L-thyroxine doses and TSH target levels in hemodialysis patients.展开更多
Dear Editor,Antibiotics are considered indispensable in numerous treatments against infectious diseases.However,their over-prescription and widespread use are emerging as important global issues,as they lead to resist...Dear Editor,Antibiotics are considered indispensable in numerous treatments against infectious diseases.However,their over-prescription and widespread use are emerging as important global issues,as they lead to resistant bacteria,reducing the efficacy of antibiotics[1].The defined daily doses per 1,000 habitants per day for antibiotics in South Korea is 28,which is much higher than the average of Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development countries[1].In animal studies,antibiotic tigecycline was found to inhibit the proliferation and induce apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)cells[2].In addition,isoprenoid antibiotic was found to suppress the growth and invasion of HCC by targeting the signal transducer and activator of the transcription 3 signaling cascade[3].Despite evidence of the beneficial effects of antibiotics against HCC,evidence regarding their effects on the longterm development of HCC is limited.Introduction regarding the incidence of HCC is provided in the Supplementary file.展开更多
文摘本文介绍了Bárány协会国际前庭疾病分类(International Classification of Vestibular Disorders,ICVD)委员会和国际头痛协会偏头痛分类小组所提出的"儿童前庭性偏头痛"(vestibular migraine of childhood,VMC)、"很可能的儿童前庭性偏头痛"(probable VMC,pVMC)和"儿童复发性眩晕"(recurrent vertigo of childhood,RVC)的诊断标准。偏头痛在儿童期不同复发性眩晕亚型中起着重要作用。在此分类文件中,VMC、p VMC和RVC这3种与偏头痛相关的一组谱系疾病分类,上述诊断标准中的偏头痛成分为确定、很可能及可能不存在。VMC的诊断标准:(A)至少5次中度或重度前庭症状发作,持续时间5分钟~72小时;(B)当前或既往有伴或不伴先兆的偏头痛病史;(C)至少50%的发作与至少1种偏头痛样症状相关。pVMC的诊断标准:至少3次中度或重度前庭症状发作,持续时间5分钟~72小时,符合VMC诊断标准B或C中的1项。RVC的诊断标准:至少3次中度或重度前庭症状发作,持续时间为1分钟~72小时,VMC诊断标准中的B和C均不符合。对于以上3种疾病,患者的年龄必须<18岁。建议将来的研究应特别关注RVC,以研究和确定其可能的亚型及其与偏头痛的关系。
文摘Background: Cardiovascular disease and sudden cardiac death are common in hemodialysis patients. These cardiac complications are often associated with prolonged QTc interval (QTc) and QTc dispersion (QTcd). Subclinical hypothyroidism (SH) can alter autonomic modulation of heart rate and cause increased inhomogeneity of ventricular recovery time. We aimed to evaluate the relationship between thyroid hormone levels and QTc and QTcd in non-diabetic hemodialysis patients. Methods: We enrolled 29 non-diabetic hemodialysis patients without thyroid disease. After each hemodialysis session, a 12-lead ECG was recorded. Before each hemodialysis session, routine laboratory tests and measurement of thyroid hormone levels were performed. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to QTc (group 1 QTc ms, group 2 QTc ≥ 430 ms). We examined the relationship between QTc or QTcd and thyroid hormone in the respective groups and then compared the results from the 2 groups. Results: The mean age was 54.06 ± 14.72 years and the means of QTc and QTcd were 433.82 ± 22.03 ms, 59.10 ± 28.29 ms, respectively. Homocysteine levels were significant higher in group 2 than group 1 (p 0.05) and QTcd was comparable between groups. In group 1, QTc and QTcd were not significant correlated with TSH, T3, fT4 and biochemical parameters. In group 2, QTc was significant positively correlated with TSH (p 0.05) and QTcd was not significant correlated with thyroid hormone levels. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that TSH is associated with prolonged QTc interval and hyperhomocysteinemia in non-diabetic hemodialysis patients. Moreover, we suggest that SH may be associated with prolonged QTc in non-diabetic hemodialysis patients. However, further studies are required to elucidate the role of the L-thyroxine doses and TSH target levels in hemodialysis patients.
基金supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grant funded by the Korean government(2021R1F1A1063346)the research program of the Korea Medical Institute.Sun Jae Park received a scholarship from the BK21 FOUR education program from the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)。
文摘Dear Editor,Antibiotics are considered indispensable in numerous treatments against infectious diseases.However,their over-prescription and widespread use are emerging as important global issues,as they lead to resistant bacteria,reducing the efficacy of antibiotics[1].The defined daily doses per 1,000 habitants per day for antibiotics in South Korea is 28,which is much higher than the average of Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development countries[1].In animal studies,antibiotic tigecycline was found to inhibit the proliferation and induce apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)cells[2].In addition,isoprenoid antibiotic was found to suppress the growth and invasion of HCC by targeting the signal transducer and activator of the transcription 3 signaling cascade[3].Despite evidence of the beneficial effects of antibiotics against HCC,evidence regarding their effects on the longterm development of HCC is limited.Introduction regarding the incidence of HCC is provided in the Supplementary file.
