目的分析我国放射卫生技术服务机构(RHTSI)的资质分级与技术服务项目开展现状。方法分别选择2021和2022年全国31个省、自治区、直辖市取得放射卫生技术服务资质的608和622家RHTSI为研究对象,通过收集放射卫生技术服务质量监测、放射卫...目的分析我国放射卫生技术服务机构(RHTSI)的资质分级与技术服务项目开展现状。方法分别选择2021和2022年全国31个省、自治区、直辖市取得放射卫生技术服务资质的608和622家RHTSI为研究对象,通过收集放射卫生技术服务质量监测、放射卫生检测能力比对和技术支撑机构能力现状调查等相关资料,分析2021—2022年RHTSI开展技术服务项目的情况。结果2022年全国共有622家RHTSI取得技术服务机构资质,较2021年的608家增加14家;其中,有404家开展了放射卫生技术服务,较2021年的456家减少11.4%;共开展技术服务项目总数241804项,较2021年的173064项增长39.7%。2021和2022年,非卫生系统RHTSI开展技术服务项目数中位数(M)分别高于卫生系统(203 vs 40项、215 vs 55项,P值均<0.01)。2021年,不同区域开展技术服务机构数和技术服务项目数由高到低依次均为东部、中部、西部地区;2022年,不同区域开展技术服务机构数由高到低依次为东部、中部和西部地区,而开展技术服务项目数由高到低依次为东部、西部和中部地区。与2021年比较,2022年省、市、县级卫生系统开展技术服务机构数分别下降了6.5%、26.3%和27.3%,省级卫生系统RHTSI开展技术服务项目数增加了48.6%,市、县级卫生系统RHTSI开展技术服务项目数分别减少了13.8%和21.3%。结论2022年我国开展技术服务的RHTSI数虽较2021年有所减少,但承担的技术服务项目数却增加;其中非卫生系统RHTSI承担了大部分的技术服务项目;卫生系统中省级RHTSI开展的技术服务项目数高于市级和县级RHTSI。展开更多
The formation of Danxia landscapes is too slow to be observed in our life time and the paleoclimates in which Danxia landscapes developed are significantly different from the present. Thus, this study adopted experime...The formation of Danxia landscapes is too slow to be observed in our life time and the paleoclimates in which Danxia landscapes developed are significantly different from the present. Thus, this study adopted experimental approaches to examine the lithological and paleoclimatic control on the formation of various landscape morphologies in the Mt. Danxiashan, South China. A total of 122 rock samples were collected from a range of Danxia landscape morphologies such as white spots, small and large through caves, honeycomb caves, horizontal grooves, natural bridges, stone pillars, and squama stones. Analyses of the collected samples were conducted in different kinds of experiments, including uniaxial mechanical strength testing; rock resistance against sulfuric acid erosion, freezing, and thawing; X-ray fluorescence spectrometry（XRF） analysis; inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry（ICP-MS） analysis; and identification analysis under a polarizing microscope. The results indicated that the formation of the various Danxia landscape morphologies could result from one or more of the following processes： differential erosion due to lithological difference, chemical dissolution and recrystallization, freezing and thawing actions, acid corrosion, weathering, lateral erosion of river flows, and tectonic uplifts. Water erosion in humid monsoon climate and the alternations of intensive freezing and thawing actions in the Quaternary glacial stages and the interglacial stages could have had great influences on the formation of Danxia landscape topographies.展开更多
文摘目的分析我国放射卫生技术服务机构(RHTSI)的资质分级与技术服务项目开展现状。方法分别选择2021和2022年全国31个省、自治区、直辖市取得放射卫生技术服务资质的608和622家RHTSI为研究对象,通过收集放射卫生技术服务质量监测、放射卫生检测能力比对和技术支撑机构能力现状调查等相关资料,分析2021—2022年RHTSI开展技术服务项目的情况。结果2022年全国共有622家RHTSI取得技术服务机构资质,较2021年的608家增加14家;其中,有404家开展了放射卫生技术服务,较2021年的456家减少11.4%;共开展技术服务项目总数241804项,较2021年的173064项增长39.7%。2021和2022年,非卫生系统RHTSI开展技术服务项目数中位数(M)分别高于卫生系统(203 vs 40项、215 vs 55项,P值均<0.01)。2021年,不同区域开展技术服务机构数和技术服务项目数由高到低依次均为东部、中部、西部地区;2022年,不同区域开展技术服务机构数由高到低依次为东部、中部和西部地区,而开展技术服务项目数由高到低依次为东部、西部和中部地区。与2021年比较,2022年省、市、县级卫生系统开展技术服务机构数分别下降了6.5%、26.3%和27.3%,省级卫生系统RHTSI开展技术服务项目数增加了48.6%,市、县级卫生系统RHTSI开展技术服务项目数分别减少了13.8%和21.3%。结论2022年我国开展技术服务的RHTSI数虽较2021年有所减少,但承担的技术服务项目数却增加;其中非卫生系统RHTSI承担了大部分的技术服务项目;卫生系统中省级RHTSI开展的技术服务项目数高于市级和县级RHTSI。
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.41371204 No.41171163+6 种基金 No.41401216 National Science and Technology Basic Special Key Project, No.2013FY 11 1900 Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, CAS, No.SKLLQG1206 No.SKLLQG1422 National Basic Science Personnel Training Project, No.J1103408 Foundation of Modern Analysis Center, Nanjing University, No.0422171010 Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, No.PAPD,Acknowledgements We appreciate the laboratory and field assistance of KONG Qingyou, LIU Di, YANG Li, WANG Xiaocui, FU Jingcheng, LIANG Guomin, MAO Xiaodong, FAN Dengfeng, LUO Jiehong, WU Huaan, TAN Ming, DAI Huibao, and XIE Zhangzhen.
文摘The formation of Danxia landscapes is too slow to be observed in our life time and the paleoclimates in which Danxia landscapes developed are significantly different from the present. Thus, this study adopted experimental approaches to examine the lithological and paleoclimatic control on the formation of various landscape morphologies in the Mt. Danxiashan, South China. A total of 122 rock samples were collected from a range of Danxia landscape morphologies such as white spots, small and large through caves, honeycomb caves, horizontal grooves, natural bridges, stone pillars, and squama stones. Analyses of the collected samples were conducted in different kinds of experiments, including uniaxial mechanical strength testing; rock resistance against sulfuric acid erosion, freezing, and thawing; X-ray fluorescence spectrometry（XRF） analysis; inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry（ICP-MS） analysis; and identification analysis under a polarizing microscope. The results indicated that the formation of the various Danxia landscape morphologies could result from one or more of the following processes： differential erosion due to lithological difference, chemical dissolution and recrystallization, freezing and thawing actions, acid corrosion, weathering, lateral erosion of river flows, and tectonic uplifts. Water erosion in humid monsoon climate and the alternations of intensive freezing and thawing actions in the Quaternary glacial stages and the interglacial stages could have had great influences on the formation of Danxia landscape topographies.
