Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological diseases worldwide with a high prevalence and unknown pathogenesis.Further,its control is challenging.It is generally accepted that an imbalance between the excitatory a...Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological diseases worldwide with a high prevalence and unknown pathogenesis.Further,its control is challenging.It is generally accepted that an imbalance between the excitatory and inhibitory properties of the central nervous system(CNS)leads to a large number of abnormally synchronized neuronal discharges in the brain.Transient receptor potential vanilloid protein type 1(TRPV1)is a non-selective cation channel that contributes to the regulation of the nervous system and influences the excitability of the nervous system.This includes the release of neurotransmitters,action potential generation due to alterations in ion channels,synaptic transmission,and the changes in glial cells.There is abundant evidence that TRPV1 is widely expressed in the central nervous system(including microglia)and is involved in the development of epilepsy through neuroinflammation.In conclusion,microglial TRPV1 participates in neuroinflammatory reactions and functions as a potential proinflammatory mediator.This presents a novel treatment approach to regulate seizures brought on by neuroinflammation.展开更多
Epilepsy is a clinical syndrome caused by highly synchronized abnormal discharges of neurons in the brain. It is a common disease of the nervous system. The pathogenesis of epilepsy has not been fully understood yet. ...Epilepsy is a clinical syndrome caused by highly synchronized abnormal discharges of neurons in the brain. It is a common disease of the nervous system. The pathogenesis of epilepsy has not been fully understood yet. The main pathological changes after seizures are programmed neuronal death and glial proliferation. Autophagy is a catabolic process. Moderate autophagy is critical to maintain the homeostasis and cell health, while abnormal autophagy can lead to disease. A number of studies have proved that abnormal autophagy mechanism can lead to epilepsy, and there are also literatures that autophagy induced by endoplasmic reticulum stress can reduce the neuronal damage triggered by epilepsy, thus playing a protective role in neurons. This article reviews the relationship between autophagy and epilepsy in order to provide basis for further study of autophagy pathway and pathophysiology of epilepsy.展开更多
MiRNAs are a family of small non-coding RNAs that control levels of multiple proteins by post-transcriptionally decreasing messenger RNA stability and translation. MiRNA is a part of the epigenetic machinery. In addit...MiRNAs are a family of small non-coding RNAs that control levels of multiple proteins by post-transcriptionally decreasing messenger RNA stability and translation. MiRNA is a part of the epigenetic machinery. In addition to post-transcriptional gene silencing by miRNAs, the epigenetic mechanisms also include DNA methylation, histone modifications and their crosstalk. Epigenetic modifications were reported to play an important role in many disease onsets and progressions and can be used to explain several features of epilepsy. However, miRNA not only function as a part of epigenetic machinery, but are also epigenetically modified by DNA methylation and histone modification like any other protein-coding gene. There is a strong connection between epigenetic and MiRNA, and any dysregulation of this complex system can result in various physiological and pathological conditions. Currently, there is an unmet need for antiepileptic drugs that truly prevent the development of epilepsy in high-risk populations. New findings in animal models and human brain tissue suggest that microRNAs play a crucial role in epileptogenesis and the pathophysiology of chronic epilepsy. Objectives: This paper focuses on the epigenetic role of miRNA in the development of epilepsy and potential targets for drug therapy. Methods: In this paper, through the keywords epilepsy, epigenetic, methylation, miRNA, non-coding RNA search in PubMed, SPIS, GeenMedical, Google Scholar and Web of Science, to study the potential application of miRNA epigenetic regulation in the treatment of epilepsy. Results: Future treatments that manipulate miRNA epigenetic processes, such as Anti-oligonucleotides, DNA methylation and Nucleic Acid Aptamers, to treat or prevent epilepsy. Conclusion: Overall, miRNA epigenetic drugs have become a new frontier target to achieve a cure for epilepsy.展开更多
文摘Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological diseases worldwide with a high prevalence and unknown pathogenesis.Further,its control is challenging.It is generally accepted that an imbalance between the excitatory and inhibitory properties of the central nervous system(CNS)leads to a large number of abnormally synchronized neuronal discharges in the brain.Transient receptor potential vanilloid protein type 1(TRPV1)is a non-selective cation channel that contributes to the regulation of the nervous system and influences the excitability of the nervous system.This includes the release of neurotransmitters,action potential generation due to alterations in ion channels,synaptic transmission,and the changes in glial cells.There is abundant evidence that TRPV1 is widely expressed in the central nervous system(including microglia)and is involved in the development of epilepsy through neuroinflammation.In conclusion,microglial TRPV1 participates in neuroinflammatory reactions and functions as a potential proinflammatory mediator.This presents a novel treatment approach to regulate seizures brought on by neuroinflammation.
文摘Epilepsy is a clinical syndrome caused by highly synchronized abnormal discharges of neurons in the brain. It is a common disease of the nervous system. The pathogenesis of epilepsy has not been fully understood yet. The main pathological changes after seizures are programmed neuronal death and glial proliferation. Autophagy is a catabolic process. Moderate autophagy is critical to maintain the homeostasis and cell health, while abnormal autophagy can lead to disease. A number of studies have proved that abnormal autophagy mechanism can lead to epilepsy, and there are also literatures that autophagy induced by endoplasmic reticulum stress can reduce the neuronal damage triggered by epilepsy, thus playing a protective role in neurons. This article reviews the relationship between autophagy and epilepsy in order to provide basis for further study of autophagy pathway and pathophysiology of epilepsy.
文摘MiRNAs are a family of small non-coding RNAs that control levels of multiple proteins by post-transcriptionally decreasing messenger RNA stability and translation. MiRNA is a part of the epigenetic machinery. In addition to post-transcriptional gene silencing by miRNAs, the epigenetic mechanisms also include DNA methylation, histone modifications and their crosstalk. Epigenetic modifications were reported to play an important role in many disease onsets and progressions and can be used to explain several features of epilepsy. However, miRNA not only function as a part of epigenetic machinery, but are also epigenetically modified by DNA methylation and histone modification like any other protein-coding gene. There is a strong connection between epigenetic and MiRNA, and any dysregulation of this complex system can result in various physiological and pathological conditions. Currently, there is an unmet need for antiepileptic drugs that truly prevent the development of epilepsy in high-risk populations. New findings in animal models and human brain tissue suggest that microRNAs play a crucial role in epileptogenesis and the pathophysiology of chronic epilepsy. Objectives: This paper focuses on the epigenetic role of miRNA in the development of epilepsy and potential targets for drug therapy. Methods: In this paper, through the keywords epilepsy, epigenetic, methylation, miRNA, non-coding RNA search in PubMed, SPIS, GeenMedical, Google Scholar and Web of Science, to study the potential application of miRNA epigenetic regulation in the treatment of epilepsy. Results: Future treatments that manipulate miRNA epigenetic processes, such as Anti-oligonucleotides, DNA methylation and Nucleic Acid Aptamers, to treat or prevent epilepsy. Conclusion: Overall, miRNA epigenetic drugs have become a new frontier target to achieve a cure for epilepsy.
