社会治理检察建议刚性实现路径研究

社会治理检察建议存在刚性不足的问题,一般认为,其原因可能是检察建议本身质量不高,也可能是检察建议的法律依据不足,还可能是检察机关内部机制不协调、外部沟通联络不足,但这些观点经不起推敲。社会治理检察建议之所以存在刚性不足,主要是因为检察机关在制发检察建议时,自身角色定位不准,建议书存在逻辑错误;检察建议的“法律后果”要件缺失;检察建议没有效力终期。对此,实现社会治理检察建议刚性,一方面不要把工作重点聚焦于检察建议这一工作形式上;另一方面要以问题为导向,通过问题分类、方法分类的思考方法,分别运用法律思维和政治思维,针对不同问题采取不同的解决方案。

气象因子对黔阳冰糖橙品质的影响

基于2015—2019年洪江市历史气象观测资料及黔阳冰糖橙品质检测数据,采用皮尔逊相关分析和逐步回归分析法,分析了黔阳冰糖橙7项品质指标与气象因子的相关性。结果表明,影响黔阳冰糖橙可滴定酸含量的关键气象因子为壮果期日均最高气温、着色期日均最低气温;固酸比大小与果实膨大期日照时数、壮果期阴雨日数、采摘期日均最高气温、采摘期降水量相关;可溶性固形物含量与果实膨大期气温日较差、采摘期日照时数呈正相关,与果实膨大期日均最低气温、着色期阴雨日数呈负相关;维生素C含量关键影响因子为果实膨大期日均最低气温、日均最高气温、着色期阴雨日数和采摘期日照时数;影响可食率大小的关键因子为采摘期气温日较差与果实膨大期日照时数;影响出汁率的关键气象因子为采摘期日均最低气温、降水量以及壮果期日均最高气温;横径与果实膨大期日均最低气温、气温日较差、着色期阴雨日数以及采摘期日照时数相关。在相关分析基础上,构建了各项品质指标的气候品质评价模型,并利用2020年的气象观测资料和品质检测数据对模型进行了验证,相对误差范围在1.2%~16.7%,验证结果表明模型能够较好地模拟黔阳冰糖橙的气候品质状况。

邵阳县油茶种植气候适宜性评价

邵阳县油茶种植历史悠久,近年油茶产业发展较为迅速。为探讨邵阳县油茶种植气候适宜区,为油茶产业布局提供科学依据。在研究油茶生长发育与气候条件、立地条件关系的基础上,筛选出了油茶种植气候区划指标和地形区划指标;利用邵阳县及其周边10个气象站点1985~2019年的气候资料以及邵阳县90 m×90 m DEM地理信息数据,采用GIS技术以及层次分析法,开展了邵阳县油茶种植气候适宜性区划和评价。结果表明:邵阳县油茶种植气候适宜区和最适宜区面积合计占全县面积的92.15%;次适宜区和不适宜区面积较小,分别仅占县域面积的7.79%和0.06%。

GIS-based spatial differentiation of ethnic minority villages in Guizhou Province,China

The protection and development problems in ethnic minority villages have received great attention from the Chinese government.This study aims to systematically identify the spatial differentiation characteristics of ethnic minority villages and their influencing factors in Guizhou Province.Applying ArcGIS and GeoDa,a total of 1,014 ethnic minority villages in the four batches announced by the Ethnic and Religious Affairs Commission of Guizhou Province(272in the first batch,240 in the second batch,255 in the third batch,and 247 in the fourth batch)served as the research objects.Utilizing the economic development data in Guizhou Statistical Yearbook 2018-2020 for analysis,the coupling calculation of the spatial layout and economic development level of ethnic minority villages was conducted.The results indicate that the number of ethnic minority village points varies in spatial distribution with remarkable agglomeration.The spatial equilibrium distribution of ethnic minority villages in the province is imbalanced.The kernel density is characterized by independent single kernel centers with sporadic distributions of subcenters and an echelon distribution whole.The spatial complexity distribution indicates that ethnic minority villages in Guizhou possess unequal characteristics,and the fractal of the system structure is more complicated.The findings reveal that the spatial distribution of ethnic minority characteristic villages in Guizhou is highly consistent with that of ethnic minorities in Guizhou.The distribution is the combined results of geographical factors and socialeconomic factors.Most ethnic minority characteristic villages in Guizhou Province are located in areas with complex terrain,inconvenient transportation,and relatively backward economic development.Based on the current geospatial distribution of ethnic minority villages,the present study will provide remarkable implications for the Chinese government to implement the Rural Revitalization Strategy from several key aspects.The Chinese government should establish a protection and development mechanism in ethnic minority villages and strive to enhance the characteristics of ethnic cultural industries.Meanwhile,the"integration of culture and tourism"should be taken as the development strategy while the industry should support rural economic development and help eliminate poverty.This is of crucial practical significance to national unity and rural revitalization in China.

基于气象因子的湖南省柑橘气候品质评价模型研究——以洞口蜜桔为例

基于2010—2020年湖南省柑橘主产区代表品种洞口蜜桔,以及2015—2020年黔阳冰糖橙、道县脐橙、石门柑橘的品质数据和相应的气象数据,采用相关普查法、逐步回归法等筛选出影响湖南柑橘品质的关键气象因子,并建立了湖南柑橘气候品质评价指标。以洞口蜜桔为例,采用德尔菲法、主成分回归法和加权指数求和法等建立了洞口蜜桔气候品质评价模型,基于该模型对洞口蜜桔近11年的气候品质进行了评价。结果表明:在湖南省的9项柑橘品质指标中,受气象因子影响较大的主要有可溶性固形物和VC含量2项指标;影响湖南省柑橘气候品质的关键气象因子主要有果实迅速膨大期—采摘期累计日照时数、果实膨大期降水量、采摘期阴雨日数、主要生长季(4—10月)平均气温、着色期—采摘期平均气温日较差、果实膨大期日最高气温≥35℃的最长持续天数等6项指标;2010—2020年洞口蜜桔气候评价指数介于2.25~3.00,除2016、2020年的气候品质等级为良及以下外,其余年份均为优或特优级别,模型检验结果与实际品质等级的吻合率较高,其中与2项品质指标等级均一致的年份有6 a;与1项品质指标等级一致的年份均为8 a,吻合率为72.7%。