针对焊缝余高存在时,超声衍射时差法(time of flight diffraction,TOFD)B扫描可达性受限这一问题,提出了双椭圆法及纵横波复合法两种缺陷横向位置无损检测方法。根据探头和缺陷位置的几何关系,建立了缺陷定位测量的数学模型,利用确定的...针对焊缝余高存在时,超声衍射时差法(time of flight diffraction,TOFD)B扫描可达性受限这一问题,提出了双椭圆法及纵横波复合法两种缺陷横向位置无损检测方法。根据探头和缺陷位置的几何关系,建立了缺陷定位测量的数学模型,利用确定的缺陷定位算法,分别对人工缺陷和焊接缺陷进行了定位检测。结果表明,双椭圆法在缺陷定位测量精度和操作实施过程上要优于纵横波复合法;采用双椭圆法,人工缺陷的埋藏深度及横向位置的平均测量误差分别为0.5和0.3 mm;焊接缺陷的埋藏深度及横向位置的平均测量误差分别为0.6和0.4 mm。所提方法克服了由于焊缝余高的存在,传统超声TOFD法B扫描不可达的问题,并为缺陷在焊缝中的横向位置检测提供解决办法。展开更多
针对超声衍射时差法(Time of flight diffraction,TOFD),探头的纵波声场不能覆盖整个被检测焊缝空间,在被检测焊缝近表面存在很大范围的不敏感区的问题,提出了一种改进的超声TOFD法,即不敏感区缺陷检测法,该方法利用超声纵波在被检试件...针对超声衍射时差法(Time of flight diffraction,TOFD),探头的纵波声场不能覆盖整个被检测焊缝空间,在被检测焊缝近表面存在很大范围的不敏感区的问题,提出了一种改进的超声TOFD法,即不敏感区缺陷检测法,该方法利用超声纵波在被检试件底面的反射,使得超声声场覆盖近表面区域,采用该方法对人工缺陷及焊接缺陷进行检测。结果表明,人工缺陷埋藏深度检测的平均误差为0.3 mm,焊缝中未熔合缺陷埋藏深度及横向位置检测的平均误差分别为0.6 mm和0.4 mm。所提出的不敏感区缺陷检测法能有效检测近表面缺陷,是常规TOFD法的延伸和补充。展开更多
Enhancement in boiling heat transfer performance is significant for addressing thermal management bottlenecks of advanced electronic systems.Reduced graphene oxides(rGO)are regarded as promising candidates for thermal...Enhancement in boiling heat transfer performance is significant for addressing thermal management bottlenecks of advanced electronic systems.Reduced graphene oxides(rGO)are regarded as promising candidates for thermal management due to their excellent thermal properties,chemical stability and adjustable wettability.In this study,rGO coatings with micron pores and controllable oxygen contents are prepared on Al substrate via cathodic electrophoretic deposition and subsequent thermal annealing,leading to enhanced pool boiling performance.The heat transfer coefficient for Al/rGO450is 37.2 kW m-2K-1,which is increased by 112.6%compared with bare Al,also outperformed previously reported Al based substrates.It is assumed that the hydrophilic and aerophobic r GO coatings effectively promote the liquid infiltration and bubble departure during pool boiling process.Importantly,repeatability tests indicate the durable stability of vertically oriented rGO nanosheets.Reverse nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulation indicates that the interfacial transmission coefficients of Al/rGO increase after thermal annealing,indicative of the enhanced heat transfer performance of heterogeneous interface.Our study opens a new avenue for endowing metal substrates with high pool boiling performance using porous carbon coating nanoengineering strategy with controllable morphology and components.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51635005)the 111 Project(Grant No.B18017)。
文摘Enhancement in boiling heat transfer performance is significant for addressing thermal management bottlenecks of advanced electronic systems.Reduced graphene oxides(rGO)are regarded as promising candidates for thermal management due to their excellent thermal properties,chemical stability and adjustable wettability.In this study,rGO coatings with micron pores and controllable oxygen contents are prepared on Al substrate via cathodic electrophoretic deposition and subsequent thermal annealing,leading to enhanced pool boiling performance.The heat transfer coefficient for Al/rGO450is 37.2 kW m-2K-1,which is increased by 112.6%compared with bare Al,also outperformed previously reported Al based substrates.It is assumed that the hydrophilic and aerophobic r GO coatings effectively promote the liquid infiltration and bubble departure during pool boiling process.Importantly,repeatability tests indicate the durable stability of vertically oriented rGO nanosheets.Reverse nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulation indicates that the interfacial transmission coefficients of Al/rGO increase after thermal annealing,indicative of the enhanced heat transfer performance of heterogeneous interface.Our study opens a new avenue for endowing metal substrates with high pool boiling performance using porous carbon coating nanoengineering strategy with controllable morphology and components.
