Poverty eradication is a realistic requirement for the addressing of the urban-rural development imbalance.It consolidates the achievements of the poverty alleviation,and accelerates the realization of the United Nati...Poverty eradication is a realistic requirement for the addressing of the urban-rural development imbalance.It consolidates the achievements of the poverty alleviation,and accelerates the realization of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals.In research that deals with poverty,qualitative analysis is often used to study the connection between a single influencing factor and poverty reduction,and to solve regional poverty through government measures.However,these studies usually ignore the multidimensional nature of poverty,and the fact that poverty alleviation also needs to be approached from multiple perspectives.By constructing a theoretical framework of poverty alleviation performance from the perspective of sustainable development,this study selects contiguous poverty-stricken areas in the Hunan Province,China as the empirical study area,constructs an evaluation index system from the three dimensions of economic development,infrastructure and people’s livelihood security,and selects influencing factors from three aspects of‘population’,‘land’and‘industry’.The spatial differentiation characteristics and influencing factors of poverty alleviation performance in poverty-stricken areas were studied by using the methods of entropy weight method and geodetector.The results show:firstly,in the concentrated and contiguous poverty-stricken areas of the Hunan Province,the performance of poverty alleviation in the economic development makes little difference,showing a‘high-medium-low’cross-distribution pattern.The poverty alleviation performance of the infrastructure presents a distribution pattern of‘low in the middle and high on both sides.The poverty alleviation performance of people’s livelihood security has significant spatial differentiation characteristics,which all present a reunion distribution.The overall poverty alleviation performance varies greatly,showing a funnel-shaped distribution in space.Secondly,the spatial differentiation of poverty alleviation performance in the concentrated and contiguous poverty-stricken areas of the Hunan Province is the result of the combined effects of multiple factors.‘Population’is the dominant factor affecting the performance of poverty alleviation,‘land’is the basic factor that causes the spatial differentiation of poverty alleviation performance,and‘industry’is the key factor for the improvement of the poverty alleviation ability.展开更多
目的:比较不同阶段医学生学习手术机器人的技能曲线,以确定机器人培训合理介入时间。方法:招募22名研究生和22名本科生,参与者均没有机器人手术经验。使用机器人虚拟仿真模拟器(dV-trainer)进行本次培训,选择Pick and Place-Clutching...目的:比较不同阶段医学生学习手术机器人的技能曲线,以确定机器人培训合理介入时间。方法:招募22名研究生和22名本科生,参与者均没有机器人手术经验。使用机器人虚拟仿真模拟器(dV-trainer)进行本次培训,选择Pick and Place-Clutching作为通过性练习,Peg Board 2、Match Board 2以及Thread the Ring 1作为训练项目,根据模拟器自动评分系统评估操作质量。还利用NASA-TLX评估了培训师在两组间的疲劳负荷差异。结果:18名研究生及22名本科生完成了本次培训,机器人技能初始基线水平没有明显差异(P>0.05),在以上4项练习的技能总得分上也不存在明显差异。NASA-TLX问卷结果提示,培训师在两组学员间所耗费的精力没有明显差异。结论:研究生现有的外科经验,对于手术机器人操作技能的学习没有明显的加成,而有限的学习时间,阻碍了技能获取,因此考虑外科手术机器人的培训课程可以适当前移到本科生阶段。展开更多
栗灰螟Chilo infuscatellus属鳞翅目螟蛾科,也称二点螟,主要为害我国南方的甘蔗以及北方的谷子等作物。几丁质是昆虫外表皮、围食膜等组织的重要组成部分,几丁质及对应的几丁质酶通过准确调控旧表皮蜕去、新表皮合成维持着昆虫各发育阶...栗灰螟Chilo infuscatellus属鳞翅目螟蛾科,也称二点螟,主要为害我国南方的甘蔗以及北方的谷子等作物。几丁质是昆虫外表皮、围食膜等组织的重要组成部分,几丁质及对应的几丁质酶通过准确调控旧表皮蜕去、新表皮合成维持着昆虫各发育阶段的代谢平衡(Zhang et al.,2016)。通过干扰、破坏几丁质酶的合成从而影响昆虫的几丁质代谢是现代化学农药靶标的研究热点。展开更多
As the Rural Revitalization Strategy is gradually implemented, China’s rural areas are set to have more diverse function requirements. This paper selects the Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan region(Chang-Zhu-Tan) consisting...As the Rural Revitalization Strategy is gradually implemented, China’s rural areas are set to have more diverse function requirements. This paper selects the Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan region(Chang-Zhu-Tan) consisting of 23 county-level units) as a case study and looks at its economic development, agricultural product supply, social security and ecological service functions during 1996–2016. It then constructs an index system to evaluate the temporal evolution of the region’s rural functions. SPSS 19.0 and DPS 7.05 software, as well as Pearson’s correlation coefficient analysis, system clustering, optimal segmentation of ordered samples and other methods, are used to study the evolution traits, regional differentiation characteristics and driving forces of rural functions in the region. The results show, first of all, that the overall evolution trend is increasing in functions with periodic characteristics, the key nodes being 2000 and 2008. Second, there is clear geographical differentiation in the evolution of rural functions. The economic development function shows rapid growth in the urban agglomeration’s center and relatively weak growth at the periphery;the agricultural product supply function and ecological service function are concentrated in county-level units with abundant cultivated and forest land;and the social security function displays similar geographical differentiation to the economic development function. Overall, there is an obvious discrepancy in the degree of development of rural functions among county-level units of the Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan urban agglomeration;the rural functions of the agglomeration and peripheral county-level units have different development traits;and county-level units display functional differentiation. Third, rural functions have evolved as a result of interactions between various factors, such as natural resources, socio-economic conditions and local transport conditions. The new driving forces caused by urbanization are ultimately leading the evolution of rural functions toward multi-functional comprehensive development.展开更多
基金Under the auspices of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41971219,41571168)Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(No.2020JJ4372)Philosophy and Social Science Fund Project of Hunan Province(No.18ZDB015)。
文摘Poverty eradication is a realistic requirement for the addressing of the urban-rural development imbalance.It consolidates the achievements of the poverty alleviation,and accelerates the realization of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals.In research that deals with poverty,qualitative analysis is often used to study the connection between a single influencing factor and poverty reduction,and to solve regional poverty through government measures.However,these studies usually ignore the multidimensional nature of poverty,and the fact that poverty alleviation also needs to be approached from multiple perspectives.By constructing a theoretical framework of poverty alleviation performance from the perspective of sustainable development,this study selects contiguous poverty-stricken areas in the Hunan Province,China as the empirical study area,constructs an evaluation index system from the three dimensions of economic development,infrastructure and people’s livelihood security,and selects influencing factors from three aspects of‘population’,‘land’and‘industry’.The spatial differentiation characteristics and influencing factors of poverty alleviation performance in poverty-stricken areas were studied by using the methods of entropy weight method and geodetector.The results show:firstly,in the concentrated and contiguous poverty-stricken areas of the Hunan Province,the performance of poverty alleviation in the economic development makes little difference,showing a‘high-medium-low’cross-distribution pattern.The poverty alleviation performance of the infrastructure presents a distribution pattern of‘low in the middle and high on both sides.The poverty alleviation performance of people’s livelihood security has significant spatial differentiation characteristics,which all present a reunion distribution.The overall poverty alleviation performance varies greatly,showing a funnel-shaped distribution in space.Secondly,the spatial differentiation of poverty alleviation performance in the concentrated and contiguous poverty-stricken areas of the Hunan Province is the result of the combined effects of multiple factors.‘Population’is the dominant factor affecting the performance of poverty alleviation,‘land’is the basic factor that causes the spatial differentiation of poverty alleviation performance,and‘industry’is the key factor for the improvement of the poverty alleviation ability.
文摘目的:比较不同阶段医学生学习手术机器人的技能曲线,以确定机器人培训合理介入时间。方法:招募22名研究生和22名本科生,参与者均没有机器人手术经验。使用机器人虚拟仿真模拟器(dV-trainer)进行本次培训,选择Pick and Place-Clutching作为通过性练习,Peg Board 2、Match Board 2以及Thread the Ring 1作为训练项目,根据模拟器自动评分系统评估操作质量。还利用NASA-TLX评估了培训师在两组间的疲劳负荷差异。结果:18名研究生及22名本科生完成了本次培训,机器人技能初始基线水平没有明显差异(P>0.05),在以上4项练习的技能总得分上也不存在明显差异。NASA-TLX问卷结果提示,培训师在两组学员间所耗费的精力没有明显差异。结论:研究生现有的外科经验,对于手术机器人操作技能的学习没有明显的加成,而有限的学习时间,阻碍了技能获取,因此考虑外科手术机器人的培训课程可以适当前移到本科生阶段。
文摘栗灰螟Chilo infuscatellus属鳞翅目螟蛾科,也称二点螟,主要为害我国南方的甘蔗以及北方的谷子等作物。几丁质是昆虫外表皮、围食膜等组织的重要组成部分,几丁质及对应的几丁质酶通过准确调控旧表皮蜕去、新表皮合成维持着昆虫各发育阶段的代谢平衡(Zhang et al.,2016)。通过干扰、破坏几丁质酶的合成从而影响昆虫的几丁质代谢是现代化学农药靶标的研究热点。
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.41571168Key Project of Philosophy and Social Science Foundation of Hunan Province,No.18ZDB015
文摘As the Rural Revitalization Strategy is gradually implemented, China’s rural areas are set to have more diverse function requirements. This paper selects the Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan region(Chang-Zhu-Tan) consisting of 23 county-level units) as a case study and looks at its economic development, agricultural product supply, social security and ecological service functions during 1996–2016. It then constructs an index system to evaluate the temporal evolution of the region’s rural functions. SPSS 19.0 and DPS 7.05 software, as well as Pearson’s correlation coefficient analysis, system clustering, optimal segmentation of ordered samples and other methods, are used to study the evolution traits, regional differentiation characteristics and driving forces of rural functions in the region. The results show, first of all, that the overall evolution trend is increasing in functions with periodic characteristics, the key nodes being 2000 and 2008. Second, there is clear geographical differentiation in the evolution of rural functions. The economic development function shows rapid growth in the urban agglomeration’s center and relatively weak growth at the periphery;the agricultural product supply function and ecological service function are concentrated in county-level units with abundant cultivated and forest land;and the social security function displays similar geographical differentiation to the economic development function. Overall, there is an obvious discrepancy in the degree of development of rural functions among county-level units of the Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan urban agglomeration;the rural functions of the agglomeration and peripheral county-level units have different development traits;and county-level units display functional differentiation. Third, rural functions have evolved as a result of interactions between various factors, such as natural resources, socio-economic conditions and local transport conditions. The new driving forces caused by urbanization are ultimately leading the evolution of rural functions toward multi-functional comprehensive development.
