秸秆还田配施硫肥对春玉米生长及氮肥利用效率的影响

为了阐明秸秆还田配施硫肥条件下对春玉米氮肥利用效率的影响,并为合理施用硫肥提供理论依据。本试验选用“富民985”玉米品种作为研究对象,共设有4个处理。(1)无秸秆还田+无硫肥(WW);(2)秸秆还田+无硫肥(JW);(3)无秸秆还田+硫肥(WS);(4)秸秆还田+硫肥(JS)。通过田间试验,研究其对土壤碱解氮含量,植株地上部总氮素积累量,籽粒产量及氮肥利用率的影响。结果表明:1)在春玉米完熟期,秸秆还田处理相较无秸秆还田处理的碱解氮含量平均增加6.05%,施硫处理较不施硫处理的土壤碱解氮含量平均降低2.94%。2)在春玉米的整个生育时期内所有处理的春玉米地上部总氮素积累量呈现逐渐上升趋势,在完熟期达到了最高,在完熟期的春玉米地上部总氮素含量表现为JS>WS>JW>WW。3)秸秆还田+无硫肥(JW)、无秸秆还田+硫肥(WS)、秸秆还田+硫肥(JS)3种处理的春玉米产量相较无秸秆还田+无硫肥(WW)处理都有提高,分别增产7.45%、11.70%、20.34%。4)秸秆还田+无硫肥(JW)、无秸秆还田+硫肥(WS)、秸秆还田+硫肥(JS)3种处理较无秸秆还田+无硫肥(WW)处理的春玉米氮肥利用率分别增加15.92%、18.26%、41.73%。以上结果表明,秸秆还田配施硫肥可以增加春玉米对氮素的吸收,提高春玉米地上部的氮素积累量,增加产量并提高氮肥利用率。

Enhancement of Photocatalytic Degradation of Polyvinyl Chloride Plastic with Fe_(2)O_(3) Modified AgNbO_(3) Photocatalyst under Visible-light Irradiation

The solid-phase photocataKtic degradation of polyvinyl chloride(PVC)plastic with AgNbO_(3)/Fe_(2)O_(3) is studied under visible-light irradiation.The PVC-(AgNbO_(3)/Fe_(2)O_(3))samples are characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscope(XPS),scanning electron microscope(SEM),gas chromatography(GC),and UV-vis diffusion reflectance spectra(UV-vis DRS).The photocatalytic properties of PVC-(AgNbO_(3)/Fe_(2)O_(3))samples are systematically investigated.More amounts of generated CO2,greater texture change and higher weight loss rate were exhibited in the system of PVC-(AgNbO_(3)/Fe_(2)O_(3))than pure PVC film.The weight loss rate is ten times higher than that of pure PVC film,which reaches to 46.53%with optimum amount of O.5wt% Fe_(2)O_(3).Active radicals generate primarily on the surface of Fe_(2)O_(3) particles,which cause composite plastic decomposition on the PVC-(AgNbO_(3)/Fe_(2)O_(3))interface and extend into polymer interor.The study provides a new promising way to degrade the plastic waste under visible-light.