A heavy-rainfall event that occurred in North China during 19–20 July 2016,resulting in severe flooding,was investigated in this study.In this event,high-value total deformation overlapped the precipitation region,im...A heavy-rainfall event that occurred in North China during 19–20 July 2016,resulting in severe flooding,was investigated in this study.In this event,high-value total deformation overlapped the precipitation region,implying a close relationship between them.By deriving the nongeostrophicωequation in a non-uniformly saturated moist atmosphere,the relation between vertical velocity and deformation was diagnosed.The Q-vector divergence on the right-hand side of the newωequation was divided into three compositions,associated with horizontal divergence,vertical vorticity,and horizontal-wind deformation,respectively.It was found that the deformation component of Q-vector divergence contributed most to the negative Q-vector divergence in the precipitation region,implying an important role of deformation forcing in facilitating the vertical motion.In order to track the precipitation on the basis of deformation,potential deformation was proposed by virtue of the generalized potential temperature.The high-value potential deformation and precipitation were always overlapping,and shared an analogous temporal trend.This means that potential deformation can reflect the variation of heavy precipitation to a certain extent,and can serve as a tracker of the precipitation region.展开更多
利用河北省2017~2018年逐日PM_(2.5)浓度地面观测数据和CUACE空气质量模式的PM_(2.5)气象条件评估指数(EMI,evaluation on meteorological condition index of PM_(2.5) pollution),定量评估了2018年相比2017年河北省冬季气象条件对PM_(...利用河北省2017~2018年逐日PM_(2.5)浓度地面观测数据和CUACE空气质量模式的PM_(2.5)气象条件评估指数(EMI,evaluation on meteorological condition index of PM_(2.5) pollution),定量评估了2018年相比2017年河北省冬季气象条件对PM_(2.5)浓度的贡献,并分析了石家庄市气象条件和PM_(2.5)浓度的同期月变化。结果表明:与2017年相比,2018年冬季河北省气象条件不利于PM_(2.5)浓度的下降,其中,北部、西北部地区气象条件极为不利,使PM_(2.5)浓度同比上升28%~45%,不同城市的气象条件变化存在显著差异;2018年石家庄市PM_(2.5)年均浓度同比下降12.7%,其中气象条件使PM_(2.5)浓度同比下降3.1%,说明石家庄市大气污染防治减排措施对PM_(2.5)浓度下降贡献显著。可见,EMI指数可定量诊断和评估污染期间气象条件对PM_(2.5)浓度的影响。展开更多
中国中东部地区的空气污染主要集中在京津冀、长三角、珠三角、东北地区及汾渭平原等区域,各区域的污染排放特征各异.本文应用基于CMAQ(The Community Multiscale Air Quality)模式的自适应“nudging”源反演方法,反演中国中东部地区201...中国中东部地区的空气污染主要集中在京津冀、长三角、珠三角、东北地区及汾渭平原等区域,各区域的污染排放特征各异.本文应用基于CMAQ(The Community Multiscale Air Quality)模式的自适应“nudging”源反演方法,反演中国中东部地区2016年12月—2017年1月逐日NOx污染源,分析上述主要污染区的污染物排放强度空间分布特征,并与2016年MEIC(The Multi-resolution emission inventory for China)排放源进行比较,检验反演源的可靠性.结果表明,2016年冬季各个区域反演源NOx排放强度空间分布特征与2016年MEIC排放源基本一致.京津冀地区高强度排放区域形成沿山前区域东北-西南走向的NOx高强度排放带;长三角地区NOx高强度排放区域位于常州、苏州、上海和湖州等城市构成的城市群;珠三角地区NOx高强度排放区域位于以广州为中心的大范围城市群且排放强度呈现向四周逐渐降低的放射状分布;东北地区NOx高强度排放区域空间分布特征呈现以城市为中心且稀疏分布;汾渭平原排放区域呈现以城市为中心且向峡谷中间集中分布,排放区域轮廓与汾渭平原狭长的新月状相符.展开更多
基金supported by the Strategic Pilot Science and Technology Special Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA17010105)the Special Scientific Research Fund of the Meteorological Public Welfare of the Ministry of Sciences and Technology(GYHY201406002)+2 种基金the Science and Technology Project of Guangzhou(201604020069)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41505040,41575065,and 4177510)the Open Projects of the Plateau Atmosphere and Environment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province(PAEKL-2015-K2)
文摘A heavy-rainfall event that occurred in North China during 19–20 July 2016,resulting in severe flooding,was investigated in this study.In this event,high-value total deformation overlapped the precipitation region,implying a close relationship between them.By deriving the nongeostrophicωequation in a non-uniformly saturated moist atmosphere,the relation between vertical velocity and deformation was diagnosed.The Q-vector divergence on the right-hand side of the newωequation was divided into three compositions,associated with horizontal divergence,vertical vorticity,and horizontal-wind deformation,respectively.It was found that the deformation component of Q-vector divergence contributed most to the negative Q-vector divergence in the precipitation region,implying an important role of deformation forcing in facilitating the vertical motion.In order to track the precipitation on the basis of deformation,potential deformation was proposed by virtue of the generalized potential temperature.The high-value potential deformation and precipitation were always overlapping,and shared an analogous temporal trend.This means that potential deformation can reflect the variation of heavy precipitation to a certain extent,and can serve as a tracker of the precipitation region.
文摘利用河北省2017~2018年逐日PM_(2.5)浓度地面观测数据和CUACE空气质量模式的PM_(2.5)气象条件评估指数(EMI,evaluation on meteorological condition index of PM_(2.5) pollution),定量评估了2018年相比2017年河北省冬季气象条件对PM_(2.5)浓度的贡献,并分析了石家庄市气象条件和PM_(2.5)浓度的同期月变化。结果表明:与2017年相比,2018年冬季河北省气象条件不利于PM_(2.5)浓度的下降,其中,北部、西北部地区气象条件极为不利,使PM_(2.5)浓度同比上升28%~45%,不同城市的气象条件变化存在显著差异;2018年石家庄市PM_(2.5)年均浓度同比下降12.7%,其中气象条件使PM_(2.5)浓度同比下降3.1%,说明石家庄市大气污染防治减排措施对PM_(2.5)浓度下降贡献显著。可见,EMI指数可定量诊断和评估污染期间气象条件对PM_(2.5)浓度的影响。
文摘中国中东部地区的空气污染主要集中在京津冀、长三角、珠三角、东北地区及汾渭平原等区域,各区域的污染排放特征各异.本文应用基于CMAQ(The Community Multiscale Air Quality)模式的自适应“nudging”源反演方法,反演中国中东部地区2016年12月—2017年1月逐日NOx污染源,分析上述主要污染区的污染物排放强度空间分布特征,并与2016年MEIC(The Multi-resolution emission inventory for China)排放源进行比较,检验反演源的可靠性.结果表明,2016年冬季各个区域反演源NOx排放强度空间分布特征与2016年MEIC排放源基本一致.京津冀地区高强度排放区域形成沿山前区域东北-西南走向的NOx高强度排放带;长三角地区NOx高强度排放区域位于常州、苏州、上海和湖州等城市构成的城市群;珠三角地区NOx高强度排放区域位于以广州为中心的大范围城市群且排放强度呈现向四周逐渐降低的放射状分布;东北地区NOx高强度排放区域空间分布特征呈现以城市为中心且稀疏分布;汾渭平原排放区域呈现以城市为中心且向峡谷中间集中分布,排放区域轮廓与汾渭平原狭长的新月状相符.