电解液pH值对镁合金表面灌注液体型光滑多孔表面耐腐蚀性能的影响

在AZ31镁合金表面制备灌注液体型光滑多孔表面(SLIPS),从而为镁合金提供腐蚀防护。将粗糙多孔的层状双金属氢氧化物(LDH)作为纳米容器,用以盛放液体润滑液。通过调节电解液的pH值,获得用于构筑SLIPS的最佳LDH膜层。研究不同pH值对SLIPS表面形貌、表面润湿性和电化学行为的影响规律。结果表明,当pH值为10.5时,所制备的MgAl-LDH膜层厚度最大,为3.51μm,其可盛放最多的硅油,质量高达0.22mg/mm^(2),使得该MgAl-LDH膜层所构筑的SLIPS可为镁合金提供最优的腐蚀防护性能,腐蚀电流密度最低,为3.72×10^(-9)A/cm^(2)。另一方面,与超疏水表面相比,无论在电化学测试还是在长期浸泡试验中,SLIPS均可为AZ31镁合金基体提供更好的腐蚀防护。镁合金耐腐蚀性能的提高将进一步促进其在实践中的广泛应用。

Comprehensive bioinformatics analysis of CYB561 expression in breast cancer:Link between prognosis and immune infiltration

Background:Cytochrome b561(CYB561)plays a critical role in neuroendocrine function,cardiovascular regulation,and tumor growth;however,the prognostic value of CYB561 in patients with breast cancer and the relationship between CYB561 expression and immune infiltration in breast cancer remain unclear.Methods:The mRNA expression and clinical data of patients with breast cancer were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas database.Functional enrichment analysis was used to explore underlying biological functions associated with CYB561.The methylation status of CYB561 was analyzed using the MethSurv database.The enrichment score of immune cell infiltration for CYB561 in breast cancer was calculated using single-sample gene set enrichment analysis.The prognostic value of CYB561 was evaluated using Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression analysis.Based on the results of the multivariate Cox analysis,a nomogram was constructed to predict the effect of CYB561 expression on overall survival(OS).Results:The results showed that CYB561 was highly expressed in breast cancer tissues.Hypomethylation of CYB561 is associated with an unfavorable prognosis.In multivariate Cox regression analysis,CYB561 was an independent prognostic factor for OS.Functional enrichment analysis indicated that estrogen signaling pathway,inflammatory response,KRAS signaling pathway,epithelial-mesenchymal transition,leukocyte migration,and regulation of lymphocyte activation were strongly enriched in the low CYB561 expression group.Additionally,CYB561 expression was negatively correlated with immune infiltration of B cells,plasmacytoid dendritic cells,dendritic cells,and neutrophils.Conclusion:CYB561 may serve as a potential biomarker for breast cancer diagnosis and prognosis.

Structural characterization of char during co-gasification from torrefied sludge and Yangchangwan bituminous coal

The present study aims to investigate the physico-chemical structural evolution characteristics of char structure of CO_(2) atmosphere torrefaction pretreated sludge with Yangchangwan bituminous coal(YC)during co-gasification.The co-gasification reactivity of torrefied sludge and YC was measured using a thermogravimetric analyzer.The co-gasification reactivity of torrefied sludge with YC was thoroughly explored in depth by in situ heating stage microscope coupled with traditional characterization means of char sample(Scanning electron microscope,nitrogen adsorption analyzer,laser Raman spectroscopy).The results show that the gasification reaction rate of sludge treated under CO_(2) atmosphere and coal blended char was better than other char samples at 1100–1200℃.The torrefied sludge under CO_(2) atmosphere promoted its thermal decomposition to the maximum extent,so that it eventually was transformed into a large number of small broken particles.The specific surface area and ID1/IG ratio of blended char of torrefied sludge under CO_(2) atmosphere and YC were 1.70 and 1.07 times higher than that of YC,respectively.The in situ technique revealed that YC char with the addition of torrefied sludge undergo gasification by shrinking core modes and the presence of obvious ash melting flow phenomenon.It was more obvious than that of YC.

胃癌中高表达的CBX7对细胞迁移、侵袭的影响

目的探究人胃癌组织中染色盒同源物7(CBX7)的表达及对胃癌细胞侵袭能力的影响。方法收集2013年1月1日-2015年1月1日间于该院普通外科行手术切除的45例胃癌及对应癌旁组织,免疫组织化学染色观察CBX7蛋白表达,分析胃癌组织中CBX7蛋白表达高低与肿瘤临床特征的关系。通过重组质粒在胃癌SGC-7901细胞中过表达CBX7,经Transwell小室实验确定CBX7过表达对胃癌细胞迁移侵袭的作用。结果 CBX7在胃癌组织中表达较癌旁组织下降(t=3.517,P=0.000),胃癌组织低表达CBX7与肿瘤淋巴结转移(χ~2=5.829,P=0.022)及高TNM分期(Ⅲ+Ⅳ期,χ~2=4.465,P=0.047)相关。过表达CBX7对SGC-7901的迁移(t=42.040,P=0.000)及侵袭(t=40.119,P=0.000)具有显著的削弱作用。结论 CBX7在胃癌组织中表达降低,过表达CBX7能够通过抑制胃癌细胞迁移及侵袭发挥抗肿瘤作用。

利用辐射诱变技术创制甘薯新种质

本研究旨在通过甘薯辐射诱变技术获得甘薯有益突变体,丰富甘薯种质资源。本实验以甘薯主栽品种‘商薯19’为试材,用60Coγ射线对其胚性悬浮细胞进行辐照处理,辐照剂量为80 Gy,辐照6周后,将存活下来的细胞团转入含有1.0 mg/L ABA的MS固体培养基上诱导分化,再转入MS培养基获得完整植株138株。通过对辐照后代的顶叶色、叶脉色、顶叶形、叶形、顶端茸毛、薯形、烘干率、可溶性糖含量等性状调查和测定,发现1个株系(‘S19Y038’)顶叶色等性状发生变化,3个株系(‘S19Y116’‘、S19Y215’、‘S19Y219’)烘干率显著提高,分别比对照提高5.98%、5.65%和3.32%,1个株系(‘S19Y013’)可溶性糖含量显著提高,比对照提高17.81%。这些优异性状的突变体丰富了甘薯种质资源,在甘薯优质品种的选育中具有很好的应用前景。

廊坊地区甘薯病害发生情况调查

摸清甘薯生产过程中不同阶段的病害发生种类与发病程度,可以有针对性地开展病害防治。对廊坊及其周边地区甘薯育苗圃、大田新移栽苗和收获期薯块的病害发生种类与发生程度进行调查,结果表明:严重威胁调查区甘薯生产的病害有甘薯病毒病(SPVD)、甘薯黑斑病、甘薯茎线虫病和甘薯根腐病。其中,SPVD自2009年首次在我国发现以来已经蔓延到了所有调查地块,传播速度之快应引起甘薯行业的高度重视;其他3种甘薯传统病害也有随连作年限逐年加重的趋势。

优质 抗病甘薯新品种廊紫薯1号选育及栽培技术

为了满足市场对优质紫薯的需求,推动河北省甘薯产业的发展,廊坊市农林科学院以皖薯1号为母本,以山川紫、烟紫薯1号、波噶、郑薯20、苏薯8号和龙薯5号为父本进行混合授粉杂交,成功选育出优质抗病甘薯新品种廊紫薯1号。该品种萌芽性好,结薯集中,薯块整齐,薯肉深紫,较耐储,抗黑斑病;淀粉含量13.3%,还原糖含量11.1%,花青素含量723 mg/kg。2016年1月通过河北省科技成果转化服务中心科技成果鉴定。

Chemokines and their receptors play important roles in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma

The chemokine system consists of four different subclasses with over 50 chemokines and 19 receptors. Their functions in the immune system have been well elucidated and research during the last decades unveils their new roles in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC). The chemokines and their receptors in the microenvironment influence the development of HCCby several aspects including:inflammation,effects on immune cells,angiogenesis,and direct effects on HCC cells. Regarding these aspects,pre-clinical research by targeting the chemokine system has yielded promising data,and these findings bring us new clues in the chemokine-based therapies for HCC.

基于全维高精度势能面对H+SO_(2)→OH+SO反应的动力学研究

H+SO_(2)→OH+SO反应在燃烧、大气和星际化学中都扮演着重要角色.它还是具有深势阱中间体形成的典型反应,是检验速率理论和提供有趣反应动力学现象的理想候选反应.基于之前构建的全维高精度势能面,本文对该反应进行了准经典动力学研究.在1400 K≤T≤2200 K的温度范围内,计算值重现了实验速率常数.当反应物SO_(2)处于振-转基态,在31.0~40.0 kcal/mol的碰撞能范围内,计算得到的积分反应截面随碰撞能增加;在40.0~55.0 kcal/mol的碰撞能范围内,积分反应截面几乎不受碰撞能影响.产物角度分布呈现对称的前后向双峰结构.本文还分析了产物OH和SO的振动态分布.

Identification of QTLs for Starch Content in Sweetpotato(Ipomoea batatas(L.) Lam.)

Sweetpotato （Ipomoea batatas （L.） Lam.） breeding is challenging due to its genetic complexity. In the present study, interval mapping （IM） and multiple quantitative trait locus （QTL） model （MQM） analysis were used to identify QTLs for starch content with a mapping population consisting of 202 F1 individuals of a cross between Xushu 18, a cultivar susceptible to stem nematodes, with high yield and moderate starch, and Xu 781, which is resistant to stem nematodes, has low yield and high starch content. Six QTLs for starch content were mapped on six linkage groups of the Xu 781 map, explaining 9.1-38.8% of the variation. Especially, one of them, DMFN 4, accounted for 38.8% of starch content variation, which is the QTL that explains the highest phenotypic variation detected to date in sweetpotato. All of the six QTLs had a positive effect on the variation of the starch content, which indicated the inheritance derived from the parent Xu 781. Two QTLs for starch content were detected on two linkage groups of the Xushu 18 map, explaining 14.3 and 16.1% of the variation, respectively. They had a negative effect on the variation, indicating the inheritance derived from Xu 781. Seven of eight QTLs were co-localized with a single marker. This is the first report on the development of QTLs co-localized with a single marker in sweetpotato. These QTLs and their co-localized markers may be used in marker-assisted breeding for the starch content of sweetpotato.

Effect of liraglutide on endoplasmic reticulum stress in the renal tissue of type 2 diabetic rats

BACKGROUND Liraglutide is a glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist analog that has been found to have a therapeutic effect in diabetes.In addition to its ability to treat diabetes,liraglutide has beneficial effects on the cardiovascular system and kidney as well as other beneficial effects,but its specific mechanism is not clear.In this study,a rat model of type 2 diabetes was established by administration of a high-sugar,high-fat diet combined with low-dose streptozotocin(STZ)to observe the effect of liraglutide on the kidneys of type 2 diabetes rats and the possible underlying mechanisms.AIM To explore whether liraglutide has a protective effect on type 2 diabetic rat kidneys and the underlying mechanisms.METHODS Eight-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a control group,model group,low-dose liraglutide group,and high-dose liraglutide group.Control rats were fed a standard diet,while model group and intervention group rats were fed high-sugar,high-fat feed for 1 mo and then intraperitoneally injected with 40 mg/kg STZ to induce type 2 diabetes.The low-dose and highdose intervention groups received 100μg/kg and 200μg/kg liraglutide,respectively,once daily by subcutaneous injection.The control and model groups were given an equivalent volume of physiological saline for 8 wk.Pathological changes in renal tissues were observed by hematoxylin and eosin staining and periodic acid-Schiff staining,and GRP78 and caspase-12 expression was detected by Western blot and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).RESULTS Western blot analysis showed that GRP78 and caspase-12 protein expression in kidney tissue was significantly higher in model rats than in normal rats and lowerin the liraglutide-treated groups than in the model group,with a more significant decrease being observed in the high-dose group than in the low-dose group.RTPCR showed that the mRNA expression of GRP78 and caspase-12 was higher in model rats than in control rats and lower in the liraglutide-treated groups than in the model group,with the high-dose group exhibiting a more significant decrease than the low-dose group.CONCLUSION Liraglutide may delay the progression of diabetic nephropathy by reducing endoplasmic reticulum stress and protect the kidneys in a dose-dependent manner.

Effect of structural parameters on the setting performance of plug slips during hydraulic fracturing

Slip is one of the most critical components for the frac plug,which would lodge into the casing and lock the frac plug in place during the setting and anchoring process.However,fracture failure of slip significantly affects the hydraulic fracturing effects and has attracted tremendous attention.In this paper,a three-dimensional contact model is applied to explore the setting process of slip.The effects of key structural parameters such as apex angle,inclination angle,and wedge angle on the contact characteristics of slip are systematically investigated.Numerical results indicate that the maximum contact stress appears at the contact area between slip tooth and the casing’s inner wall.Besides,the maximum contact stress generally increases with the increase of apex angle and inclination angle,while decrease linearly with the rise in the wedge angle.Experimental results show that the slip teeth get blunt and appear severe plastic deformation,which arises from stress concentration.Comparison of biting area indicates that the experimental results are about 21.3%larger,which still have a reasonable agreement with the numerical results.These obtained results can guide the parametric selection of plug slip and other similar components.

Ecophysiological responses to drought stress in Populus euphratica

Ecophysiological responses to drought stress of Populus euphratica in Alashan Desert Eco-hydrology Experimental Research Station were investigated.Results show that under mild and moderate drought stress,stomatal length,aperture,area and density is likely to decrease in the early days,but afterwards this is likely to recovery with treatment over the pas‐sage of treatment time.Under severe drought stress,these properties appear to decline continuously.However,after 45 days of drought-stress treatment,the decline is not as noticeable as before,indicating that Populus euphratica could possibly reduce water evaporation by shutting down the stoma,leading to an improvement in its water use efficiency with better survival under drought stress conditions.The leaf area first decreases,and then increases under mild and moderate drought stress conditions,with the average values under different degree of stress found to be approximately 129.52,120.08,116.63 and 107.28 cm2,respectively.Under moderate stress conditions,the leaf water potential appears to show a continuous decline where the average values under different degree of stress are found to be-1.27,-1.85,-4.29 and-4.80 MPa,respectively.In terms of proline content,the results demonstrate that this factor appears to increase significant‐ly under moderate and severe drought stress conditions.Especially under severe drought stress condition,the content is found to be more than 700μg/g.Ranging over average values of 14.64 and 15.90 nmol/g under moderate and severe drought stress,respectively,Malondialdehyde content is found to increase quite rapidly under moderate and severe drought stress conditions at first,which then appears to decrease gradually with the treatment over time.

The Optical Properties of Black Coatings and Their Estimated Cooling Effect and Cooling Energy Savings Potential

The optical properties of coatings pigmented with different black colorants were systematically investigated and their surface temperatures and cooling energy savings were estimated. The black coatings pigmented with chromite iron nickel black and manganese ferrite black spinel colorants are not cool enough to be energy efficient cool black coatings. The cool black coatings pigmented with NIR-transmitting perylene black and dioxazine purple colorants possess a green shade and a violet shade, respectively. The estimated surface temperature reduction values and annual cooling energy savings in Beijing range from 3.0°C and 1.21 kWhm-2yr-1 for the black coating pigmented with chromite iron nickel colorant to 13.8°C and 5.52 kWhm-2yr-1 for the black coating pigmented with dioxazine purple colorant, respectively.

Field Excursion Introduction for IGCP 679 1^stInternational Symposium: Progress in Cretaceous Geology in Shandong Province, China

The non-marine Cretaceous sequences are well developed in the relict basins, i.e. the Luxi basin in the west, and the Jiaolai basin in the east of Shandong Province. The Lower Cretaceous Santai Formation (140 - 136 Ma) in the Luxi basin contains aeolian dune deposits, which were formed under the control by westerly. The Cretaceous strata of the Jiaolai basin are divided into three groups: i.e. in ascending order, the Laiyang, Qingshan and Wangshi groups. New SHRIMP zircon U-Pb radiometric dating data demonstrated six Cretaceous volcanism episodes. The lower part of the Wangshi Group should be assigned to the upper Lower Cretaceous. An Ir anomaly recovered in the lower Jiaozhou Formation suggests that the Cretaceous/Palaeogene boundary would be in the interval between 537.3 - 537.4 m in the borehole JK1. At last the detailed information about the pre-symposium field excursion was introduced.

Preface Cretaceous Earth Dynamics and Climate in Asia

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Alterations in immune cell heterogeneities in the brain of aged zebrafish using single-cell resolution

Immunocytes,including the microglia,are crucial in the neurodegenerative process in old people.However,the understanding regarding microglia heterogeneity and other involved immunocytes remains elusive.We analyzed 26,456 immunocytes from 12-and 26-month-old zebrafish brains at single-cell resolution.Microglia and T lymphocytes were detected in the brain at both time points.Two types of microglia were annotated,namely,ac+microglia and xr+microglia,which were clustered into subsets 1,2,3,4,5,and subsets 6,7,8,9,respectively.Diversified microglia predominated the adult brains and cooperated with T cells to perform the functions of immune response and neuronal nutrition.We validated the specific microglia markers.The novel transgenic lines,Tg(lgals3bpb:e GFP)and Tg(apoc1:e GFP),were created,which faithfully labeled ac+microglia and served as valuable labeling tools.However,the microglia population reduced while T cells of six subtypes intriguingly increased to serve as the primary immune cells in aged brains.Unlike in 12-month-old brains,T cells,together with microglia,exhibited a coordinated signature of inflammation in the 26-month-old brains.Our findings revealed the immunocytes atlas in aged zebrafish brains.It implied the involvement of microglia and T cells in the progression of neurodegeneration in aging.

Novel variants of SYNGAP1 associated epileptic encephalopathy: two cases report and literature review

Background SYNGAP1 is a signifcant genetic risk factor for global developmental delay,autism spectrum disorder,and epileptic encephalopathy.De novo loss-of-function variants in this gene cause a neurodevelopmental disorder,for example,early-onset and drug-refractory seizures.We report two children with global developmental delay and epileptic encephalopathy,which are caused by SYNGAP1 gene novel mutations,and drug treatment is efective.Case presentation We report a boy and a girl presented with global developmental delay when they were young babies;as they grew up,cognitive impairment and social-communication disorder became more and more prominent;unfortunately,the patients developed into various seizure types,including eyelid myoclonia,myoclonic and absences when the boy was 1 year 8 mouths old and the girl was 3 years old.The two patients were found two previously unknown mutations by high throughput sequencing[c.3271_c.3272insT;(p.L1091L fs^(*)62),c.2515A>T(p.K839^(*))]in exon 15 of the SYNGAP in the proband.Sanger sequencing confrmed the heterozygous nature,and neither of their parents carried the same mutation.The girl treated with valproic acid and prednisone became seizure-free,and valproic acid and levetiracetam combined with clonazepam were infuential in the other.Conclusions The global developmental delay and epileptic encephalopathy of the children were probably due to the pathogenic mutation of the SYNGAP1 gene,and prednisone and clonazepam may be efective in achieving seizure-free.

Mass loss and nutrient dynamics during litter decomposition in response to warming and nitrogen addition in a desert steppe

Plant litter decomposition has been studied extensively in the context of both warming and increased atmospheric nitrogen deposition. However, the temporal patterns of mass loss and nutrient release in response to warming and nitrogen addition remain unclear. A 2-year decomposition experiment aimed to examine the effects of warming and nitrogen addition on decomposition rate, and nitrogen and phosphorus dynamics. The effects of warming and nitrogen addition on decomposition of litter of Stipa breviflora, a dominant species in a desert steppe of northern China, were studied. Warming and nitrogen addition significantly enhanced litter mass loss by 10% and 16%, respectively, and moreover promoted nitrogen and phosphorus release from the litter in the first year of decomposition, followed by an immobilization period. The interactive effects of warming and nitrogen addition on mass loss, nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations of litter were also found during the decomposition. This study indicates that warming and nitrogen addition increased litter mass loss through altering litter quality. These findings highlight that interactions between climate change and other global change factors could be highly important in driving decomposition responses.

Clinical characteristics of Kawasaki disease and concurrent pathogens during isolation in COVID-19 pandemic

Background The aim of this study is to explore the characteristics of Kawasaki disease(KD)and concurrent pathogens due to a stay-at-home isolation policy during coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)epidemic.Methods All patients with KD admitted between February and April in 2015-2020,were classified into before(group 1,in 2015-2019)and after(group 2,in 2020)isolation groups.A total of 4742 patients[with KD(m=98)and non-KD(n=4644)]referred to Mycoplasma pneumoniae(MP)and virus detection were analyzed in 2020.Clinical characteristics,laboratory data,and 13 pathogens were analyzed retrospectively.Results Group 2 had a significantly increased incidence of KD(0.11%)with 107 patients compared to that of group 1(0.03%)with 493 patients.The comparisons of oral mucosal change,strawberry tongue,desquamation of the fingertips,cervical lymphadenopathy and neutrophil percentage decreased in group 2 compared to group 1.The infection rate of MP increased significantly in group 2(34.7%)compared to group 1(19.3%),while the positive rate of viruses decreased significantly in group 2(5.3%)compared to group 1(14.3%).In 2020,the positive rate of MP infection increased significantly in patients with KD compared to the increase in patients with non-KD.The infection rate of MP for younger children aged less than 3 years old was higher in group 2 than in group 1.Conclusion Compared with the characteristics of KD from 2015 to 2019 years,the incidence of KD was increased in 2020 and was accompanied by a high incidence of MP infection,especially in younger children(less than 3 years old)during the isolation due to COVID-19 pandemic.