Metalenses are essential components in terahertz imaging systems.However,without careful design,they show limited field of view and their practical applications are hindered.Here,a wide-angle metalens is proposed whos...Metalenses are essential components in terahertz imaging systems.However,without careful design,they show limited field of view and their practical applications are hindered.Here,a wide-angle metalens is proposed whose structure is optimized for focusing within the incident angles of±25°.Simulation and experiment results show that the focusing efficiency,spot size,and modulation transfer function of this lens are not sensitive to the incident angle.More importantly,this wide-angle metalens follows the ideal Gaussian formula for the object-image relation,which ensures a wider field of view and better contrast in the imaging experiment.展开更多
Terahertz(THz)lenses have numerous applications in imaging and communication systems.Currently,the common THz lenses are still based on the traditional design of a circular convex lens.In this work,we present a method...Terahertz(THz)lenses have numerous applications in imaging and communication systems.Currently,the common THz lenses are still based on the traditional design of a circular convex lens.In this work,we present a method for the design of a 3D-printed multilevel THz lens,taking advantage of the benefits offered by 3D printing technology,including compact size,lightweight construction,and cost-effectiveness.The approach utilizes an inverse design methodology,employing optimization methods to promise accurate performance.To reduce simulation time,we employ the finite-difference time-domain method in cylindrical coordinates for near-field computation and couple it with the Rayleigh-Sommerfeld diffraction theory to address far-field calculations.This technology holds great potential for various applications in the field of THz imaging,sensing,and communications,offering a novel approach to the design and development of functional devices operating in the THz frequency range.展开更多
Chiral metasurfaces integrated with active materials can dynamically control the chirality of electromagnetic waves,making them highly significant in physics,chemistry,and biology.Herein,we theoretically proposed a ge...Chiral metasurfaces integrated with active materials can dynamically control the chirality of electromagnetic waves,making them highly significant in physics,chemistry,and biology.Herein,we theoretically proposed a general and feasible design scheme to develop a chiral metadevice based on a bilayer anisotropic metasurface and a monolayer liquid crystal(LC),which can construct and flexibly manipulate arbitrary terahertz(THz)chirality.When the twist angle between the anisotropic axes of two metasurfacesθis not 0°,the spatial mirror symmetry of the chiral metadevice is broken,resulting in a strong THz chiral response.In addition,the introduction of anisotropic LCs not only enhances the chiral response of the metadevice but also induces the flipping modulation and frequency tunability of the chirality.More importantly,by optimizing theθ,we can flexibly design the arbitrary chiral response and the operating frequency of chirality,thereby promoting the emergence of various chiral manipulation devices.The experimental results show that the maximum circular dichroism can reach-33 d B at 0.94 THz and flip to 28 d B at 0.69 THz by rotating the LC optical axis from the x to y axis,with the maximum operating frequency tunable range of~120 GHz.We expect this design strategy can create new possibilities for the advancement of active THz chiral devices and their applications,including chiral spectroscopy,molecular recognition,biosensing,and fingerprint detection.展开更多
The powerful wavefront manipulation capability of metasurfaces originates from their subwavelength or deep subwavelength elements with designable optical responses, especially phase responses. However, they usually su...The powerful wavefront manipulation capability of metasurfaces originates from their subwavelength or deep subwavelength elements with designable optical responses, especially phase responses. However, they usually suffer from performance degradation as the spatial phase gradient is large. To solve this issue, we propose an accurate and efficient nonlocal diffraction engineering mechanism to tailor an arbitrary large-gradient wavefront utilizing superwavelength-scale elements. The fast-varying phase profile is cut into segments according to 2π zones rather than subwavelength discretization. Each phase segment is accurately implemented by precisely tailoring the diffraction pattern of the element, where diffraction angles, efficiencies, and phases are controlled simultaneously. As proof of the concept, high numerical aperture cylindrical metalenses are designed using this method and experimentally validated at the terahertz band. The cylindrical metalens is further extended to a fullspace metalens, which enables high-quality subwavelength imaging with resolved details of 0.65λ. The proposed mechanism offers an efficient way to capture the fast-varying wavefront using relatively coarse geometries with new physical insights.展开更多
Compared with traditional optical elements,metasurfaces have shown unique advantages in multifunctionality encoded in different frequencies,polarization states,and orbital angular momentums.However,the study of metasu...Compared with traditional optical elements,metasurfaces have shown unique advantages in multifunctionality encoded in different frequencies,polarization states,and orbital angular momentums.However,the study of metasurfaces with well-controlled functions under different incident angles is still in its infancy.Here we propose a general method to tailor the angular dispersion over the simplest binary dielectric grating in the transmission mode.We demonstrate that the angular response is strongly related to the number of waveguide modes inside the grating,so one can intentionally reduce or enhance the angular dispersion by controlling the number of waveguide modes.Independent phase manipulation over incident angles is experimentally demonstrated by a metalens with angle-dependent focus.The angular dispersion in orthogonal polarization states is further utilized to demonstrate angle-insensitive and angle-multiplexed wave plates.These devices with simple configuration and clear physics offer a general platform to expand the scope of beam manipulation over metasurfaces.展开更多
文摘Metalenses are essential components in terahertz imaging systems.However,without careful design,they show limited field of view and their practical applications are hindered.Here,a wide-angle metalens is proposed whose structure is optimized for focusing within the incident angles of±25°.Simulation and experiment results show that the focusing efficiency,spot size,and modulation transfer function of this lens are not sensitive to the incident angle.More importantly,this wide-angle metalens follows the ideal Gaussian formula for the object-image relation,which ensures a wider field of view and better contrast in the imaging experiment.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFA1604402)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(Nos.62375011,62005140,92250307,61831012,and 62175118)。
文摘Terahertz(THz)lenses have numerous applications in imaging and communication systems.Currently,the common THz lenses are still based on the traditional design of a circular convex lens.In this work,we present a method for the design of a 3D-printed multilevel THz lens,taking advantage of the benefits offered by 3D printing technology,including compact size,lightweight construction,and cost-effectiveness.The approach utilizes an inverse design methodology,employing optimization methods to promise accurate performance.To reduce simulation time,we employ the finite-difference time-domain method in cylindrical coordinates for near-field computation and couple it with the Rayleigh-Sommerfeld diffraction theory to address far-field calculations.This technology holds great potential for various applications in the field of THz imaging,sensing,and communications,offering a novel approach to the design and development of functional devices operating in the THz frequency range.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(61831012,61971242,62175118,62205160)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(63231159)National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFA0701000)。
文摘Chiral metasurfaces integrated with active materials can dynamically control the chirality of electromagnetic waves,making them highly significant in physics,chemistry,and biology.Herein,we theoretically proposed a general and feasible design scheme to develop a chiral metadevice based on a bilayer anisotropic metasurface and a monolayer liquid crystal(LC),which can construct and flexibly manipulate arbitrary terahertz(THz)chirality.When the twist angle between the anisotropic axes of two metasurfacesθis not 0°,the spatial mirror symmetry of the chiral metadevice is broken,resulting in a strong THz chiral response.In addition,the introduction of anisotropic LCs not only enhances the chiral response of the metadevice but also induces the flipping modulation and frequency tunability of the chirality.More importantly,by optimizing theθ,we can flexibly design the arbitrary chiral response and the operating frequency of chirality,thereby promoting the emergence of various chiral manipulation devices.The experimental results show that the maximum circular dichroism can reach-33 d B at 0.94 THz and flip to 28 d B at 0.69 THz by rotating the LC optical axis from the x to y axis,with the maximum operating frequency tunable range of~120 GHz.We expect this design strategy can create new possibilities for the advancement of active THz chiral devices and their applications,including chiral spectroscopy,molecular recognition,biosensing,and fingerprint detection.
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFA0701000)National Natural Science Foundation of China(62175118,61831012,61805123).
文摘The powerful wavefront manipulation capability of metasurfaces originates from their subwavelength or deep subwavelength elements with designable optical responses, especially phase responses. However, they usually suffer from performance degradation as the spatial phase gradient is large. To solve this issue, we propose an accurate and efficient nonlocal diffraction engineering mechanism to tailor an arbitrary large-gradient wavefront utilizing superwavelength-scale elements. The fast-varying phase profile is cut into segments according to 2π zones rather than subwavelength discretization. Each phase segment is accurately implemented by precisely tailoring the diffraction pattern of the element, where diffraction angles, efficiencies, and phases are controlled simultaneously. As proof of the concept, high numerical aperture cylindrical metalenses are designed using this method and experimentally validated at the terahertz band. The cylindrical metalens is further extended to a fullspace metalens, which enables high-quality subwavelength imaging with resolved details of 0.65λ. The proposed mechanism offers an efficient way to capture the fast-varying wavefront using relatively coarse geometries with new physical insights.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(61805123,61831012)National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFA0701000)。
文摘Compared with traditional optical elements,metasurfaces have shown unique advantages in multifunctionality encoded in different frequencies,polarization states,and orbital angular momentums.However,the study of metasurfaces with well-controlled functions under different incident angles is still in its infancy.Here we propose a general method to tailor the angular dispersion over the simplest binary dielectric grating in the transmission mode.We demonstrate that the angular response is strongly related to the number of waveguide modes inside the grating,so one can intentionally reduce or enhance the angular dispersion by controlling the number of waveguide modes.Independent phase manipulation over incident angles is experimentally demonstrated by a metalens with angle-dependent focus.The angular dispersion in orthogonal polarization states is further utilized to demonstrate angle-insensitive and angle-multiplexed wave plates.These devices with simple configuration and clear physics offer a general platform to expand the scope of beam manipulation over metasurfaces.