肝细胞癌的免疫治疗研究进展

肝细胞肝癌(hepatocellular carcinoma,HCC)约占原发肝癌的75%~85%,是全球发病率较高的恶性肿瘤之一,免疫治疗目前被认为是较有前景的防治肝癌术后复发及病情进展的治疗手段。肝癌免疫治疗方案主要分为主动和被动免疫治疗,包括肿瘤疫苗、免疫检查点抑制剂和过继性免疫细胞输注治疗等。本文就近年肝癌免疫治疗的现状和研究进展进行概述。

Identification of a 10-pseudogenes signature as a novel prognosis biomarker for ovarian cancer

The outcomes of ovarian cancer are complicated and usually unfavorable due to their diagnoses at a late stage.Identifying the efficient prognostic biomarkers to improve the survival of ovarian cancer is urgently warranted.The survival-related pseudogenes retrieved from the Cancer Genome Atlas database were screened by univariate Cox regression analysis and further assessed by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator(LASSO)method.A risk score model based on the prognostic pseudogenes was also constructed.The pseudogene-mRNA regulatory networks were established using correlation analysis,and their potent roles in the ovarian cancer progression were uncovered by functional enrichment analysis.Lastly,ssGSEA and ESTIMATE algorithms was used to evaluate the levels of immune cell infiltrations in cancer tissues and explore their relationship with risk signature.A prediction model of 10-pseudogenes including RPL10P6,AC026688.1,FAR2P4,AL391840.2,AC068647.2,FAM35BP,GBP1P1,ARL4AP5,RPS3AP2,and AMD1P1 was established.The 10-pseudogenes signature was demonstrated to be an independent prognostic factor in patient with ovarian cancer in the random set(hazard ratio[HR]=2.512,95%confidence interval[CI]=2.03–3.11,P<0.001)and total set(HR=1.71,95%CI=1.472–1.988,P<0.001).When models integrating with age,grade,stage,and risk signature,the Area Under Curve(AUC)of the 1-year,3-year,5-year and 10-year Receiver Operating Characteristic curve in the random set and total set were 0.854,0.824,0.855,0.805 and 0.679,0.697,0.739,0.790,respectively.The results of functional enrichment analysis indicated that the underlying mechanisms by which these pseudogenes influence cancer prognosis may involve the immune-related biological processes and signaling pathways.Correlation analysis showed that risk signature was significantly correlated with immune cell infiltration and immune score.We identified a novel 10-pseudogenes signature to predict the survival of patients with ovarian cancer,and that may serve as novel possible prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for ovarian cancer.

Risk-averse Robust Interval Economic Dispatch for Power Systems with Large-scale Wind Power Integration

This paper presents a robust interval economic dispatch(RIED)model for power systems with large-scale wind power integration.Differing from existing interval optimization(IO)approaches that merely rely on the upper and lower boundaries of random variables,the distribution information retained in the historical data is introduced to the IO method in this paper.Based on the available probability distribution function(PDF),wind power curtailment and load shedding are quantified as the operational risk and incorporated into the decision-making process.In this model,we need not rely on the forecasted value of wind power,which is randomly fluctuating and quite unpredictable.Furthermore,when the PDFs of wind power are taken into account,the resulting dispatch solution makes a good tradeoff between the generation cost and the operational risk.Finally,the RIED model yields an optimal dispatch solution for thermal units and the allowable intervals of wind power for the wind farms,which efficiently mitigates the uncertainty in wind power generation and provides more practical suggestions for system operators.Simulation studies are conducted on a modified IEEE-118 bus system and the results verify the effectiveness of the proposed RIED model.

Enhanced dynamic deformability and strengthening effect via twinning and microbanding in high density NiCoFeCrMoW high-entropy alloys

High density alloys with enhanced deformability and strength are urgently required in energy,military and nuclear industries,etc.In this work,we present a new kind of NiCoFeCrMoW high entropy alloys(HEAs)which possess higher densities and sound velocities than copper.We systematically investigate the phase structure,quasi-static tensile,dynamic compression and related deformation mechanism of these HEAs.It is shown that single FCC or FCC+μdual phases were formed in the HEAs depending on Mo and W content and annealing temperature.Excellent quasi-static tensile and dynamic compression properties have been achieved for these HEAs,e.g.Ni_(30)Co_(30)Fe_(21)Cr_(10)W_(9)HEA annealed at 1573 K exhibited a yield and ultimate tensile strength and elongation of~364 MPa,~866 MPa and~32%,respectively,in quasi-static test;a yield strength of~710 MPa and no fracture under the dynamic strain rate of 4100 s^(-1).Superior strain rate sensitivity(SRS)of yield strength than that of previously reported FCC HEAs have been evidenced.The dynamic stress-strain constitutive relation can be described by the modified Johnson-Cook model.As for the dynamic deformation mechanism,it is envisaged that the regulation of stacking fault energy and Peierls barrier in current HEAs resulted in occurrences of abundant nanoscale deformation twins and microbands during high strain rate compression.The synergistic microbanding and twinning effectively contributes to the enhanced dynamic deformability and strengthening effect.Besides,the interactions of dislocations with precipitates,stacking faults(SFs)with twins,and between SFs also contribute to extraordinary work-hardening capacity.