Mycobacteria：Biology and Epidemiology

The mycobacteria are an inportant genus of Gram-positive,acid-fast,non-motile,aerobie,variably pigmented actinomycetes.There are about 60 known species,divided into ‘slow-growers’.‘fast-growers’.and species that cannot yet be cultivated on artificial media.The fiest species described was the leprosy bacillus in 1874,but this remains non-cultivable,and the type species of the genus is therefore Mycobacterium tuberculosis (described in 1884 by Robert Koch).

分枝杆菌：生物学和流行病学

分枝杆菌是革兰阳性、耐酸、无动力、需氧、可变的着色放线菌中的一个重要菌属。已知有约60个种，分为“慢生长种”、“快生长种”以及人工培养基上无法培养的菌种。1874年，第一个被发现的菌种是麻风杆菌，但目前仍无法培养它。分枝杆菌属中的典型菌种为结核分枝杆菌(由Robert Koch在1884年描述)。