高海拔泥炭地是维护高原气候环境稳定的重要生态系统,由于其兼具高海拔和高寒的特点,对气候变化尤为敏感。若尔盖高原泥炭地是中国高海拔泥炭地集中分布区,碳储量丰富,由于方法学差异及数据缺乏,其碳储量估算仍存在一定程度的不确定性,...高海拔泥炭地是维护高原气候环境稳定的重要生态系统,由于其兼具高海拔和高寒的特点,对气候变化尤为敏感。若尔盖高原泥炭地是中国高海拔泥炭地集中分布区,碳储量丰富,由于方法学差异及数据缺乏,其碳储量估算仍存在一定程度的不确定性,对长时间尺度碳通量的模拟研究还较为匮乏。因此,以若尔盖高原泥炭地为研究对象,基于若尔盖高原泥炭地每千年的面积变化和碳累积速率重新评估若尔盖高原泥炭地碳储量,并利用泥炭分解模型和碳通量重建模型探讨了15000年以来若尔盖高原泥炭地碳通量动态。研究结果表明,若尔盖高原泥炭地约从15000年开始发育,发育高峰期在12000—10000年和7000—5000年,泥炭累积速率范围为0.22—1.31 mm/a,平均值为0.56 mm/a;碳累积速率范围为13.4—77.2 g C m-2a-1,平均碳累积速率为33.5 g C m^(-2)a^(-1),3000年至今碳累积速率最高,7000—6000年是碳累积速率次峰值时期; 15000年以来若尔盖高原泥炭地碳储存量达1.4 Pg(1 Pg=1015g),碳累积输入和碳累积释放分别为5.6 Pg和4.2 Pg;净碳平衡平均值为0.087 Tg (1 Tg=1012g) C/a,峰值出现在11000—10000年为0.295 Pg;在6000—2000年若尔盖泥炭地出现微弱碳源,最大值出现在5000—4000年,约为-0.034 Pg,净碳平衡在15000—11000年和4000年至今呈现上升趋势,而10000—4000年整体呈现下降趋势。总体而言,若尔盖高原泥炭地碳储量丰富,是青藏高原东部重要的陆地生态系统碳库和碳汇,本研究将为我国高海拔泥炭地碳库保育提供一定的理论和数据支撑。展开更多
This study deals with the irregular linear quadratic control problem governed by continuous time system with time delay.Linear quadratic(LQ)control for irregular Riccati equation with time delay remains challenging si...This study deals with the irregular linear quadratic control problem governed by continuous time system with time delay.Linear quadratic(LQ)control for irregular Riccati equation with time delay remains challenging since the controller could not be solved from the equilibrium condition directly.The merit of this paper is that based on a new approach of‘two-layer optimization’,the controller entries of irregular case with time delay are deduced from two equilibrium conditions in two different layers,which is fundamentally different from the classical regular LQ control.The authors prove that the irregular LQ with time delay is essentially different from the regular case.Specifically,the predictive controller bases on the feedback gain matrix and the state is given in the last part.The presented conclusions are completely new to our best knowledge.Examples is presented to show the effectiveness of the proposed approach.展开更多
文摘高海拔泥炭地是维护高原气候环境稳定的重要生态系统,由于其兼具高海拔和高寒的特点,对气候变化尤为敏感。若尔盖高原泥炭地是中国高海拔泥炭地集中分布区,碳储量丰富,由于方法学差异及数据缺乏,其碳储量估算仍存在一定程度的不确定性,对长时间尺度碳通量的模拟研究还较为匮乏。因此,以若尔盖高原泥炭地为研究对象,基于若尔盖高原泥炭地每千年的面积变化和碳累积速率重新评估若尔盖高原泥炭地碳储量,并利用泥炭分解模型和碳通量重建模型探讨了15000年以来若尔盖高原泥炭地碳通量动态。研究结果表明,若尔盖高原泥炭地约从15000年开始发育,发育高峰期在12000—10000年和7000—5000年,泥炭累积速率范围为0.22—1.31 mm/a,平均值为0.56 mm/a;碳累积速率范围为13.4—77.2 g C m-2a-1,平均碳累积速率为33.5 g C m^(-2)a^(-1),3000年至今碳累积速率最高,7000—6000年是碳累积速率次峰值时期; 15000年以来若尔盖高原泥炭地碳储存量达1.4 Pg(1 Pg=1015g),碳累积输入和碳累积释放分别为5.6 Pg和4.2 Pg;净碳平衡平均值为0.087 Tg (1 Tg=1012g) C/a,峰值出现在11000—10000年为0.295 Pg;在6000—2000年若尔盖泥炭地出现微弱碳源,最大值出现在5000—4000年,约为-0.034 Pg,净碳平衡在15000—11000年和4000年至今呈现上升趋势,而10000—4000年整体呈现下降趋势。总体而言,若尔盖高原泥炭地碳储量丰富,是青藏高原东部重要的陆地生态系统碳库和碳汇,本研究将为我国高海拔泥炭地碳库保育提供一定的理论和数据支撑。
基金the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province under Grant Nos.ZR2018MF019 and ZR2019MF052the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.61873179。
文摘This study deals with the irregular linear quadratic control problem governed by continuous time system with time delay.Linear quadratic(LQ)control for irregular Riccati equation with time delay remains challenging since the controller could not be solved from the equilibrium condition directly.The merit of this paper is that based on a new approach of‘two-layer optimization’,the controller entries of irregular case with time delay are deduced from two equilibrium conditions in two different layers,which is fundamentally different from the classical regular LQ control.The authors prove that the irregular LQ with time delay is essentially different from the regular case.Specifically,the predictive controller bases on the feedback gain matrix and the state is given in the last part.The presented conclusions are completely new to our best knowledge.Examples is presented to show the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
