Spatial and temporal variation of fish assemblages in a subtropical small stream of the Huangshan Mountain

Spatial and temporal variation of fish assemblages were investigated seasonally from May 2007 to February 2008 across 11 study sites in a subtropical small stream, the Puxi Stream, of the Huangshan Mountain. Along the longitudinal gradient from headwater to downstream, fish species richness and abundance increased gradually, but then decreased significantly at the lower reaches. The highest species richness and abundance were observed in August and the lowest in February. Based on analysis of similarities （ANOSIM）, fish assemblages were significantly different in spatial variation but not in temporal variation. Although differences were observed both among sites and among stream orders, the lower R value in order-variation suggested stream order was not the optimal factor explaining the spatial variation of fish assemblages. In addition, dam construction did not significantly alter fish assemblages in the sites adjacent to and immediately downstream to dams. Using cluster analysis and non-metric Multi Dimensional Scaling analysis （NMS）, assemblages were separated into three groups at a Bray-Curtis similarity value of 42%： the upper, middle and lower groups. Following analysis of similarity percentages of species contributions （SIM- PER）, shifts in occurrence or abundance of S. curriculus, Z. platypus, R. bitterling and A. fasciatus contributed most to the differences amongst the three groups. Standard Deviation Redundancy Analysis （RDA） suggested that habitat structure （such as elevation, substrate, and flow velocity） contributed to the spatial and temporal pattem of fish assemblages in the Puxi Stream. In conclusion, the fish assemblages in Puxi Stream presented significant spatial but not temporal variation. Human disturbance has perhaps induced the decrease in species diversity in the lower reaches. However, no significant change was observed for fish assemblages in sites far from and immediately downstream from low-head dams [Current Zoology 56 （6）： 670-677, 2010].

Correlations of Serological Markers with Development of Systemic Involvement in Adult Immunoglobulin A Vasculitis:A Retrospective Study of 259 Patients in Central China

Objective:Although relatively rare,adult immunoglobulin A vasculitis(IgAV)can lead to severe complications and longer hospitalization,and result in poor prognosis,when compared to childhood IgAV.Hence,early identification and prevention for patients prone to develop systemic involvement are essential.The purpose of this study was to explore the correlations of common serological markers with the development of systemic involvement in adult IgAV.Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed for adult IgAV patients,who were hospitalized in Wuhan Union Hospital between January 2016 and December 2019.A total of 259 patients were enrolled,and the pre-treatment serological markers were comprehensively assessed.Results:In the present study,49.0% and 33.2% of patients developed renal and gastrointestinal(GI)involvement,respectively.Furthermore,the elevated levels of white blood cells count,D-Dimer(D-D),C-reactive protein(CRP)and neutrophil granulocyte ratio(NE%)>60% were significantly associated with GI involvement in the univariate analysis,while the decrease in high density lipoprotein level,and the elevated D-D and CRP levels were significantly associated with renal involvement(P<0.05).Moreover,a prediction model that combined multiple markers was established by performing a logistic regression analysis,and this presented a more favorable value of prediction than the individual serological markers.Conclusion:The present study suggests that common serological markers have close correlations with systemic involvement in adult IgAV,and that the establishment of a prediction model for systemic involvement may be helpful in facilitating personalized therapeutic strategies and clinical management for IgAV patients.

2021皮肤红斑狼疮的诊断、治疗和长期管理指南

皮肤红斑狼疮(CLE)是一种炎症性自身免疫性疾病,其分型较多,包括急性、亚急性、慢性和间歇性CLE。其中,慢性CLE可以进一步分为红斑狼疮(LE)的几个亚型,如盘状LE、疣状LE、深在性LE、冻疮样LE和Blaschko线状LE等。为了给皮肤科医生和风湿科医生提供CLE的诊断、治疗和长期管理的实用指导建议,本证据和共识指南根据卫生保健实践指南的报告条目(国际RIGHT工作组)目录编制,并在国际实践指南注册平台注册。在亚洲皮肤科学会(ADA)、亚洲皮肤病性病学会(AADV)以及中华医学会皮肤性病学分会(CSD)红斑狼疮研究中心的共同努力下,来自亚洲、美洲、欧洲等16个国家或地区的25名皮肤科医生、7名风湿科医生、1名红斑狼疮领域专家和2名方法学家参与了本指南的制定。所有建议均取得了32名医生中至少80%的同意。作为共识,CLE的诊断主要基于临床和组织病理学表现的评估,并且通过对全身多系统损伤的评估,排除系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)。外用糖皮质激素和钙调磷酸酶抑制剂是局部CLE的一线治疗。对于泛发或严重的CLE皮损和/或局部耐药的病例,可以合并全身治疗,包括抗疟药和/或短期全身使用糖皮质激素。值得注意的是,抗疟药是所有类型CLE的一线全身治疗药物,同样可用于妊娠期患者和儿童。二线治疗用药包括沙利度胺、类维生素A类药物、氨苯砜和甲氨蝶呤,而霉酚酸酯是三线治疗用药。最后,脉冲染料激光或手术可作为四线治疗,用于局部以及发生在不可修饰部位的慢性、难治性CLE皮损。贝利尤单抗亦可作为四线治疗用药,用于活动性SLE患者的泛发性CLE皮损或糖皮质激素逐渐减量期间复发的急性CLE。对于疾病的管理,患者教育和长期随访是必要的。建议在每次随访时适当评估疾病活动度、皮肤和其他器官损伤、生活质量、合并症及可能发生的不良事件。

CO_(2)LASER PLUS PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY VERSUS CO_(2)LASER IN THE TREATMENT OF CONDYLOMA ACUMINATUM:A RANDOMIZED COMPARATIVE STUDY

To compare the efficacy and safety of CO_(2)laser plus 5-aminolevulinic acid(ALA)photodynamic therapy(PDT)with CO_(2)laser for the treatment of multiple condyloma acuminatum(CA),120 patients with multiple CA were allocated into two groups—combined group(CO_(2)laser plus ALA-PDT,n=60)and CO_(2)laser group(CO_(2)laser plus placebo-PDT,n=60).After CO_(2)laser,a 20%ALA or a placebo solution was applied to the CA area 3 h before illumination with red light(635 nm,100mW/cm^(2),80 J/cm^(2)).The treatment was repeated seven days after the first treatment if the lesions were not completely resolved.The complete response rate,recurrence rate and adverse effects in the two groups were analyzed.After two treatments,the complete response rates in the CO_(2)laser group and combined group were 100%(509/509)and 100%(507/507)in the CA(p>0:05),respectively.The recurrence rates in the CO_(2)laser group and combined group were 44.9%(229/509)and 10.6%(54/507)in the CA(p<0:05),respectively.The adverse effects in CO_(2)laser group was more than that in combined group.The combined group is a more effective treatment for multiple CA compared with CO_(2)laser group.T/S.Style the highlighted text as abstract.

Pathogen Analysis of Superficial Mucocutaneous Mycosis in a Tertiary A-level Hospital from 2007 to 2018

Objective This study aimed to analyze the fungal species of pathogens isolated from patients with superficial mucocutaneous mycosis from May 2007 to December 2018.Methods A retrospective analysis was carried out to determine the pathogenic fungi isolated from patients with superficial fungal infections in the Medical Mycology Clinical Laboratory,Department of Dermatology and Venereology,Union Hospital,from May 2007 to December 2018.Results A total of 7639 strains were obtained,belonging to 21 genera and 36 species.They mainly consisted of Candida(3707/7639,48.53%)and dermatophytes(3594/7639,47.05%).The specimens were skin scales,nail shavings,secretions on the nail grooves,broken or diseased hair and dandruff,secretions or pseudomembrane of the external genitalia,and the oral mucosa.A total of 7300 patients were enrolled in this study,including 3301 males and 3999 females aged 2 months to 92 years old with a median age of 46.04 years old except for 633 patients whose ages were unknown.Two strains of different species were isolated from each of 339 patients at different body sites.The most frequent species were Trichophyton rubrum complex(2906/7639,38.04%),Candida albicans(2619/7639,34.28%),and unclassified Candida spp.Dermatophytes were mostly isolated from glabrous skin(2138/3594,59.49%),with T.rubrum complex being the predominant species.Candida strains were most commonly isolated from mucosal sites(1979/3707,53.39%),and C.albicans was the most prevalent causative agent.Conclusion The main distribution of pathogenic fungal species isolated from patients with superficial mycosis from 2007 to 2018 in Wuhan,Hubei province and the surrounding areas was that Candida slightly outnumbered dermatophytes.Among all of the isolated strains,T.rubrum complex was the most abundant.

Content Determination of Total Flavonoids from Paulownia fortunei Flower

[Objectives]The research aimed to explore the determination method for content of total flavonoids from Paulownia fortunei flower.[Methods]Rutin was taken as control.By comparing absorption characteristics of total flavonoids in NaNO_(2)-Al(NO_(3))_(3)-NaOH and AlCl_(3) chromogenic system,an appropriate method for the determination of total flavonoids from P.fortunei flower was screened,and the method was verified by methodology.On the basis of single factor experiment,the coloration time of the method was optimized by orthogonal experiment.[Results]NaNO_(2)-Al(NO_(3))_(3)-NaOH chromogenic system was more suitable for the determination of total flavonoids from P.fortunei flower,and the adding standard recovery was between 99.2%and 105.5%,and RSD was 2.18%,with better repeatability,precision,stability and accuracy.The optimized coloration time of NaNO_(2),Al(NO_(3))_(3) and NaOH was 6,6,and 10 min.Under the condition,average content of total flavonoids from P.fortunei flower was 3.78%,and RSD was 2.05%.[Conclusions]The optimized NaNO_(2)-Al(NO_(3))_(3)-NaOH chromogenic method is simple,rapid,and accurate,and could be used as a method for the determination of total flavonoids from P.fortunei flower.

Tildrakizumab for moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis in Chinese patients:A 12-week randomized placebo-controlled phase III trial with long-term extension

Background:There is a need for effective and safe therapies for psoriasis that provide sustained benefits.The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of tildrakizumab,an anti-interleukin-23p19 monoclonal antibody,for treating moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis in Chinese patients.Methods:In this multi-center,double-blind,phase III trial,patients with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis were enrolled and randomly assigned(1:1)to receive subcutaneous tildrakizumab 100 mg or placebo at weeks 0 and 4.Patients initially assigned to placebo were switched to receive tildrakizumab at weeks 12,16,and every 12 weeks thereafter.Patients in the tildrakizumab group continued with tildrakizumab at week 16,and every 12 weeks until week 52.The primary endpoint was the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index(PASI 75)response rate at week 12.Results:At week 12,tildrakizumab demonstrated significantly higher PASI 75 response rates(66.4%[73/110]vs.12.7%[14/110];difference,51.4%[95%confidence interval(CI),40.72,62.13];P<0.001)and Physician’s Global Assessment(60.9%[67/110]vs.10.0%[11/110];difference,49.1%[95%CI,38.64,59.62];P<0.001)compared to placebo.PASI 75 response continued to improve over time in both tildrakizumab and placebo-switching to tildrakizumab groups,reaching maximal efficacy after 28 weeks(86.8%[92/106]vs.82.4%[89/108])and maintained up to 52 weeks(91.3%[95/104]vs.87.4%[90/103]).Most treatment-emergent adverse events were mild and not related to tildrakizumab.Conclusion:Tildrakizumab demonstrated durable efficacy through week 52 and was well tolerated in Chinese patients with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis.Trial registration:ClinicalTrials.gov,NCT05108766.

Artificial visual-tactile perception array for enhanced memory and neuromorphic computations

The emulation of human multisensory functions to construct artificial perception systems is an intriguing challenge for developing humanoid robotics and cross-modal human–machine interfaces.Inspired by human multisensory signal generation and neuroplasticity-based signal processing,here,an artificial perceptual neuro array with visual-tactile sensing,processing,learning,and memory is demonstrated.The neuromorphic bimodal perception array compactly combines an artificial photoelectric synapse network and an integrated mechanoluminescent layer,endowing individual and synergistic plastic modulation of optical and mechanical information,including short-term memory,long-term memory,paired pulse facilitation,and“learning-experience”behavior.Sequential or superimposed visual and tactile stimuli inputs can efficiently simulate the associative learning process of“Pavlov's dog”.The fusion of visual and tactile modulation enables enhanced memory of the stimulation image during the learning process.A machine-learning algorithm is coupled with an artificial neural network for pattern recognition,achieving a recognition accuracy of 70%for bimodal training,which is higher than that obtained by unimodal training.In addition,the artificial perceptual neuron has a low energy consumption of~20 pJ.With its mechanical compliance and simple architecture,the neuromorphic bimodal perception array has promising applications in largescale cross-modal interactions and high-throughput intelligent perceptions.

Chinese Expert Consensus on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Adult Dermatomyositis (2022)

Dermatomyositis,an idiopathic inflammatory myopathy,is characterized by distinctive skin manifestations,proximal muscle weakness,and multiple organ involvement and can be accompanied by malignancies.To provide a reference for dermatologists and clinicians in other relevant fields of clinical practice,experts from the Dermatology Branch of the China International Exchange and Promotion Association for Medical and Health Care and the National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases developed this consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of adult dermatomyositis using Chinese and international literature and expert advice.

Expert Consensus on the Treat-to-Target Strategy for Psoriasis With Biological Agents in China(Simplified Edition)

Psoriasis is a chronic,recurrent,inflammatory systemic disease that is not only characterized by skin manifestations but may also be accompanied by various comorbidities,imposing a heavy burden on patients’physical and mental health and affecting their quality of life.Although the continuous approval of various biological agents for clinical use has provided more effective treatment options to patients with psoriasis,no consensus on the evaluation of comprehensive treatment goals has yet been established.The treat-to-target(T2T)strategy requires consideration of multiple dimensions of treatment outcomes,the development of long-term management goals,and regular assessments of treatment conditions,which are often used in the management of chronic diseases.Therefore,based on the latest consensuses and guidelines,research data,and clinical experience as well as the combination of survey results and expert group discussions,the present consensus focuses on 4 dimensions of short-and long-term integrated management goals for biological agents:alleviating skin lesions,improving quality of life,screening and managing psoriasis comorbidities,and ensuring drug safety.The implementation methods,evaluation time,treatment monitoring,and program adjustments are also herein described to achieve comprehensive management of psoriasis to the maximum extent.This consensus provides a reference for clinical practice.

集成智能触觉系统用于机器人闭环反馈的可控抓握

人工智能与机器人技术的融合,使智能机器人的应用范围从工业制造领域扩展到日常生活和医疗健康等领域.目前,智能机器人除了视觉、听觉和嗅觉等感知外,还需具备触觉反馈的感知能力才能在复杂的环境中帮助人类完成更精细的任务.本文基于触觉感知阵列模块、多通道数据采集和信息处理芯片以及闭环反馈控制模块,构建了集成智能触觉系统(IITS),实现了机器人手或假肢手对轻柔物体灵活可控抓握.通过设定适当的压力阈值,机器人手在抓取物体的过程中,一旦触觉感知阵列上的抓握值达到设定阈值,则会停止抓握,进而实现一个闭环反馈的可控抓指令.实验证明,集成有IITS的机器人可以灵活抓取气球、纸杯、软饼、活蚕等各种物体,该智能系统在假肢、服务型机器人和深海探索机器人的设计方面具有重要的潜在应用价值.

Living symbiotic bacteria-involved skin dressing to combat indigenous pathogens for microbiome-based biotherapy toward atopic dermatitis

Many skin diseases,such as atopic dermatitis(AD),are featured with the dysbiosis of skin microbiota.The clinically recommended options for AD treatments suffer from poor outcomes and high side-effects,leading to severe quality-of-life impairment.To deal with this long-term challenge,we develop a living bacterial formu-lation(Hy@Rm)that integrates skin symbiotic bacteria of Roseomonas mucosa with poly(vinyl pyrrolidone),poly(vinyl alcohol)and sodium alginate into a skin dressing by virtue of the Ca^(2+)-mediated cross-linking and the freezing-thawing(F-T)cycle method.Hy@Rm dressing creates a favorable condition to not only serve as extrinsic culture harbors but also as nutrient suppliers to support R.mucosa survival in the harsh microenvi-ronment of AD sites to defeat S.aureus,which predominantly colonizes AD skins as an indigenous pathogen,mainly through the secretion of sphingolipids metabolites by R.mucosa like a therapeutics bio-factory.Mean-while,this elaborately designed skin dressing could accelerate wound healing,normalize aberrant skin char-acters,recover skin barrier functions,alleviate AD-associated immune/inflammation responses,functioning like a combinational therapy.This study offers a promising means for the topical bacteria transplant to realize effective microbe biotherapy toward the skin diseases feature with microbe milieu disorders,including but not limited to AD disease.

获取生物物种名录信息的R程序包SP2000

物种名录为衡量区域和全球生物多样性提供了数据基础。随着互联网的兴起与发展,人们将地球上已知的动物、植物、微生物等类群的物种名录信息存储到公共数据平台中,并对物种名录进行快速及时地更新,这极大地促进了分类学、保护生物学和宏观生态学等学科的发展,成为政府或国际组织开展物种保育现状评估、红色名录编撰和生物多样性保护的重要依据。物种2000中国节点(http://www.sp2000.org.cn)和Catalogueof Life网站(http://www.catalogueoflife.org)分别是中国和全球最大的生物物种名录数据平台,截至2020年6月4日,其收录的物种数分别为122,280种和1,829,672种。然而这些数据平台仅提供物种查询、检索、下载等基本功能,难以满足使用者准确、快速地批量获取所需生物物种名录数据信息的需求,制约了这些大数据平台在生物多样性研究和保护中的作用。因此,我们选取R语言开发了程序包SP2000,旨在帮助用户批量获取中国或全球生物物种名录信息。该程序包具有跨Windows、MacOS、Linux等多个系统运行、操作便捷、代码开源等特点。为了方便用户使用,本文详细介绍了SP2000的基本原理、特点及使用指南,包括程序包的下载、安装、运行和参数设置等。

Epidemiology of urticaria in China:a population-based study

Background:Urticaria is a common skin disease characterized by episodes of wheals,and it has a negative effect on patients’quality of life.Large-scale population-based epidemiological studies of urticaria are scarce in China.The aim of this survey was to determine the prevalence,clinical forms,and risk factors of urticaria in the Chinese population.Methods:This survey was conducted in 35 cities from 31 provinces,autonomous regions,and municipalities of China.Two to three communities in each city were selected in this investigation.Participants completed questionnaires and received dermatological examinations.We analyzed the prevalence,clinical forms,and risk factors of urticaria.Results:In total,44,875 questionnaires were distributed and 41,041 valid questionnaires were collected(17,563 male and 23,478 female participants).The lifetime prevalence of urticaria was 7.30%,with 8.26%in female and 6.34%in male individuals(P<0.05).The point prevalence of urticaria was 0.75%,with 0.79%in female and 0.71%in male individuals(P<0.05).Concomitant angioedema was found in 6.16%of patients.Adults had a higher prevalence of urticaria than adolescents and children.Living in urban areas,exposure to pollutants,an anxious or depressed psychological status,a personal and family history of allergy,thyroid diseases,and Helicobacter pylori infection were associated with a higher prevalence of urticaria.Smoking was correlated with a reduced risk of urticaria.Conclusion:This study demonstrated that the lifetime prevalence of urticaria was 7.30%and the point prevalence was 0.75%in the Chinese population;women had a higher prevalence of urticaria than men.Various factors were correlated with urticaria.

Recent progress in tactile sensors and their applications in intelligent systems

With the rapid development of intelligent technology,tactile sensors as sensing devices constitute the core foundation of intelligent systems.Biological organs that can sense various stimuli play vital roles in the interaction between human beings and the external environment.Inspired by this fact,research on skin-like tactile sensors with multifunctionality and high performance has attracted extensive attention.An overview of the development of high-performance tactile sensors applied in intelligent systems is systematically presented.First,the development of tactile sensors endowed with stretchability,selfhealing,biodegradability,high resolution and self-powered capability is discussed.Then,for intelligent systems,tactile sensors with excellent application prospects in many fields,such as wearable devices,medical treatment,artificial limbs and robotics,are presented.Finally,the future prospects of tactile sensors for intelligent systems are discussed.

Bioinspired hybrid patches with self-adhesive hydrogel and piezoelectric nanogenerator for promoting skin wound healing

Wound management is a crucial measure for skin wound healing and is significantly important to maintaining the integrity of skins and their functions.Electrical stimulation at the wound site is a compelling strategy for skin wound repair.However,there has been an urgent need for wearable and point-of-care electrical stimulation devices that have self-adhesive and mechanical properties comparable to wound tissue.Herein,we develop a bioinspired hybrid patch with self-adhesive and piezoelectric nanogenerator(HPSP)for promoting skin wound healing,which is composed of a mussel-inspired hydrogel matrix and a piezoelectric nanogenerator based on aligned electrospun poly(vinylidene fluoride)nanofibers.The device with optimized modulus and permeability for skin wear can self-adhere to the wound site and locally produce a dynamic voltage caused by motion.We show that the HPSP not only promotes fibroblast proliferation and migration in vitro,but also effectively facilitates the collagen deposition,angiogenesis,and re-epithelialization in vivo with the increased expressions of crucial growth factors.The HPSP reduces the wound closure time of full-thickness skin defects by about 1/3,greatly accelerating the healing process.This patch can serve as wearable and real-time electrical stimulation devices,potentially useful in clinical applications of skin wound healing.

Real-time pressure mapping smart insole system based on a controllable vertical pore dielectric layer

Real-time monitoring of plantar pressure has significant applications in wearable biosensors,sports injury detection,and early diagnostics.Herein,an all-in-one insole composed of 24 capacitive pressure sensors(CPSs)with vertical pores in an elastic dielectric layer is fabricated by laser cutting.Optimized CPSs with a hexagonal configuration and a pore size of 600μm possess good linearity over a wide detection range of 0–200 kPa with a sensitivity of 12×10^(–3) kPa−1.Then,a smart system including the all-in-one insole with the 24 CPS array,a data acquisition system with a wireless transmitter and a PC terminal with a wireless receiver is established for real-time monitoring to realize static and dynamic plantar pressure mapping.Based on this smart insole system,various standing and yoga postures can be distinguished,and variations in the center of gravity during walking can be recognized.This intelligent insole system provides great feasible supervision for health surveillance,injury prevention,and athlete training.

Unilateral nevoid telangiectasia treated with pulsed dye lase: Use of dermoscopy to monitor the response

To the Editor: Unilateral nevoid telangiectasia (UNT) is a rare vascular dermatosis characterized by telangiectasia that is distributed in a linear, unilateral pattern. The etiology of this condition is not yet fully understood, although high estrogen levels are thought to be related to its development.[1]

Prevalence of acne in Chinese college students and its associations with social determinants and quality of life:a population-based cross-sectional study

To the Editor:Acne vulgaris is a common chronic inflammatory skin disease.It is the 8th most prevalent disease in the world.Among adolescents,more than 85%once suffered from acne.[1]Moreover,according to the recent evidence,[2]patients often experience great physical and mental stress especially among the college students,due to its recurrence and scars or post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation left after healing.In China,while there are many studies on acne among adolecents and young adults,most of them are hospital-based.Substantial selection bias may be introduced in these studies because patients with severer symptoms or signs of disease are more likely to seek medical care,and perceive more impaired quality of life.The epidemiologic data from population-based studies in China are still lacking.Our study aims to estimate the prevalence of moderate and severe acne in Chinese college students and assess its impact on the quality of life.