Due to its multiple features,including the ability to orchestrate remote communication between different tissues,the exosomes are the extracellular vesicles arousing the highest interest in the scientific community.Th...Due to its multiple features,including the ability to orchestrate remote communication between different tissues,the exosomes are the extracellular vesicles arousing the highest interest in the scientific community.Their size,established as an average of 30-150 nm,allows them to be easily uptaken by most cells.According to the type of cells-derived exosomes,they may carry specific biomolecular cargoes used to reprogram the cells they are interacting with.In certain circumstances,exosomes stimulate the immune response by facilitating or amplifying the release of foreign antigens-killing cells,inflammatory factors,or antibodies(immune activation).Meanwhile,in other cases,they are efficiently used by malignant elements such as cancer cells to mislead the immune recognition mechanism,carrying and transferring their cancerous cargoes to distant healthy cells,thus contributing to antigenic invasion(immune suppression).Exosome dichotomic patterns upon immune system regulation present broad advantages in immunotherapy.Its perfect comprehension,from its early biogenesis to its specific interaction with recipient cells,will promote a significant enhancement of immunotherapy employing molecular biology,nanomedicine,and nanotechnology.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research&Development Program of China(2021YFA1201000,2021YFC2302400,2021YFE0106900)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32171394)+3 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2022CX01013)Beijing Nova Program(Interdisciplinary Cooperation Project)from Beijing Municipal Science&Technology Commission(20220484207)the project from China Bio-Medicine Park(Daxing Biomedical Industrial Base of Zhongguancun Science and Technology Park)the project from Suzhou Biomedical Industrial Park(BioBAY).
文摘Due to its multiple features,including the ability to orchestrate remote communication between different tissues,the exosomes are the extracellular vesicles arousing the highest interest in the scientific community.Their size,established as an average of 30-150 nm,allows them to be easily uptaken by most cells.According to the type of cells-derived exosomes,they may carry specific biomolecular cargoes used to reprogram the cells they are interacting with.In certain circumstances,exosomes stimulate the immune response by facilitating or amplifying the release of foreign antigens-killing cells,inflammatory factors,or antibodies(immune activation).Meanwhile,in other cases,they are efficiently used by malignant elements such as cancer cells to mislead the immune recognition mechanism,carrying and transferring their cancerous cargoes to distant healthy cells,thus contributing to antigenic invasion(immune suppression).Exosome dichotomic patterns upon immune system regulation present broad advantages in immunotherapy.Its perfect comprehension,from its early biogenesis to its specific interaction with recipient cells,will promote a significant enhancement of immunotherapy employing molecular biology,nanomedicine,and nanotechnology.
