This paper is aimed to study the crime with special reference to its spatial and temporal distribution. It also tries to analyze and estimates the impact of weather on the prevalence of criminal activity in Mardan Cit...This paper is aimed to study the crime with special reference to its spatial and temporal distribution. It also tries to analyze and estimates the impact of weather on the prevalence of criminal activity in Mardan City. Studying the crimes with reference to its spatial and temporal distribution is important because information about the occurrence of crime is one of the most crucial tools in combating crime. It allows understanding how crimes are distributed through space, and hence can help in combating them. The Geographical Information System is an important tool for dealing with spatial and temporal analysis and thus fighting crime. The advent of desktop computers has significantly increased the role of computer mapping. The availability of user-friendly GIS applications has further increased the use of GIS in crime mapping. For the present study the data was collected about homicide and aggressive assaults from all the three police stations covering Mardan City. The collected data was analyzed under different scenarios. The temporal based analysis of data reveals that almost 50% crimes reported in 2009, took place from May-September (summer) compared to 32% in winter (October to February). The spatial analysis of data reveals 05 hotspots. Sikindary area was identified as the most crucial hotspot where within a 05 km radius, 11 crimes were committed in 2009 followed by Kalpani Bridge area from where a total of 10 crimes of aggressive nature were reported. Similarly police station wise the City Police Station accounts for 47% of the aggressive crimes committed in 2009.展开更多
This paper presents the design and implementation of a miniaturized beam steering network that produces broadside beams when it is fed with a compact antenna array.Butler Matrix(BM)was used as the beam steering networ...This paper presents the design and implementation of a miniaturized beam steering network that produces broadside beams when it is fed with a compact antenna array.Butler Matrix(BM)was used as the beam steering network.It was completely built from a miniaturized 3 dB hybrid-couplers in planar microstrip technology.It was configured by feeding the BM with a Planar Inverted-E Antenna(PIEA)array separated at 0.3λas against the 0.5λseparation.This makes the BM produce a major radiation pattern at the broadside.Apart from the miniaturization,no modification was made from the BM side.However,employing effective mutual coupling reduction techniques helped to design the compact PIEA array.The validity of this BM based multibeam PIEA array was demonstrated by comparing the simulation results of the reflection coefficients,transmissions coefficients and the radiation pattern with measurements.The measurement results showed good agreement with simulations.展开更多
The current study investigates the effect of ultrasound-assisted cooking on broiler meat quality.The objective of this study was to explore the combined effect of ultrasound treatment(US)(40 kHz,120 Wcm^(-2))at differ...The current study investigates the effect of ultrasound-assisted cooking on broiler meat quality.The objective of this study was to explore the combined effect of ultrasound treatment(US)(40 kHz,120 Wcm^(-2))at different cooking temperatures(50,60,70,80℃)on physicochemical and sensory attributes of broiler meat.Therefore,pH,cooking loss%,Thio-barbituric acid reactive substances(TBARS),shear force,color,and sensory properties were investigated and compared with the control group.The result showed that the ultrasound treatment had no significant effect on pH values compared to the control group.The cooking loss%decreased with the application of US treatment at higher temperatures,which implied a higher cooking yield.Furthermore,sonicated meat showed lower shear force values even at 80℃ cooking temperature,which indicates increased tenderness.In addition,lower TBARS values were recorded at 50℃ temperature in combination with ultrasound,but the other treatments were similar to the control group.The application of ultrasound increased the lightness of meat with a significant decrease in lightness and yellowness.Meat cooked at 80℃ with US showed a significantly higher sensory score(odor,flavor,tenderness,juiciness,overall acceptability)than other treatment groups.The treatment of ultrasound combined with temperature was considered a promising and efficient technique for processing as it increased the perception of tenderness with less cooking losses and higher sensory attributes.展开更多
文摘This paper is aimed to study the crime with special reference to its spatial and temporal distribution. It also tries to analyze and estimates the impact of weather on the prevalence of criminal activity in Mardan City. Studying the crimes with reference to its spatial and temporal distribution is important because information about the occurrence of crime is one of the most crucial tools in combating crime. It allows understanding how crimes are distributed through space, and hence can help in combating them. The Geographical Information System is an important tool for dealing with spatial and temporal analysis and thus fighting crime. The advent of desktop computers has significantly increased the role of computer mapping. The availability of user-friendly GIS applications has further increased the use of GIS in crime mapping. For the present study the data was collected about homicide and aggressive assaults from all the three police stations covering Mardan City. The collected data was analyzed under different scenarios. The temporal based analysis of data reveals that almost 50% crimes reported in 2009, took place from May-September (summer) compared to 32% in winter (October to February). The spatial analysis of data reveals 05 hotspots. Sikindary area was identified as the most crucial hotspot where within a 05 km radius, 11 crimes were committed in 2009 followed by Kalpani Bridge area from where a total of 10 crimes of aggressive nature were reported. Similarly police station wise the City Police Station accounts for 47% of the aggressive crimes committed in 2009.
文摘This paper presents the design and implementation of a miniaturized beam steering network that produces broadside beams when it is fed with a compact antenna array.Butler Matrix(BM)was used as the beam steering network.It was completely built from a miniaturized 3 dB hybrid-couplers in planar microstrip technology.It was configured by feeding the BM with a Planar Inverted-E Antenna(PIEA)array separated at 0.3λas against the 0.5λseparation.This makes the BM produce a major radiation pattern at the broadside.Apart from the miniaturization,no modification was made from the BM side.However,employing effective mutual coupling reduction techniques helped to design the compact PIEA array.The validity of this BM based multibeam PIEA array was demonstrated by comparing the simulation results of the reflection coefficients,transmissions coefficients and the radiation pattern with measurements.The measurement results showed good agreement with simulations.
基金This research was financially supported by the Department of Meat Science and Technology,University of Veterinary&Animal Sciences,Pakistan.
文摘The current study investigates the effect of ultrasound-assisted cooking on broiler meat quality.The objective of this study was to explore the combined effect of ultrasound treatment(US)(40 kHz,120 Wcm^(-2))at different cooking temperatures(50,60,70,80℃)on physicochemical and sensory attributes of broiler meat.Therefore,pH,cooking loss%,Thio-barbituric acid reactive substances(TBARS),shear force,color,and sensory properties were investigated and compared with the control group.The result showed that the ultrasound treatment had no significant effect on pH values compared to the control group.The cooking loss%decreased with the application of US treatment at higher temperatures,which implied a higher cooking yield.Furthermore,sonicated meat showed lower shear force values even at 80℃ cooking temperature,which indicates increased tenderness.In addition,lower TBARS values were recorded at 50℃ temperature in combination with ultrasound,but the other treatments were similar to the control group.The application of ultrasound increased the lightness of meat with a significant decrease in lightness and yellowness.Meat cooked at 80℃ with US showed a significantly higher sensory score(odor,flavor,tenderness,juiciness,overall acceptability)than other treatment groups.The treatment of ultrasound combined with temperature was considered a promising and efficient technique for processing as it increased the perception of tenderness with less cooking losses and higher sensory attributes.
