Rationale:Multi-organ failure is a symptom of paraquat poisoning,resulting in high mortality and morbidity rates.Though paraquat is widely available,poisoning through inhalation is rare.Patient’s Concern:A 37-year-ol...Rationale:Multi-organ failure is a symptom of paraquat poisoning,resulting in high mortality and morbidity rates.Though paraquat is widely available,poisoning through inhalation is rare.Patient’s Concern:A 37-year-old male reported to the emergency department with complaints of vomiting after an alleged history of inhalation of paraquat while at work.Diagnosis:Paraquat poisoning.Interventions:Supportive management along with multiple sessions of hemodialysis.Outcomes:Renal complications caused by paraquat were improved after multiple sessions of hemodialysis.However,the patient developed respiratory complications and later due to persistent hypoxemia and non-responsive to supportive therapy,he succumbed to his illness.Lessons:Acute kidney injury is a complication of paraquat poisoning.However,kidney involvement with the inhalational mode is rare.It is caused by reduction and oxidation cycles,as well as the formation of reactive oxygen species,necessitating hemodialysis as the treatment.Without a clear history,a specific clinical trait,or a diagnostic test,diagnosis can be difficult.Our case thus highlights the inhaled paraquat poisoning,presenting with acute kidney injury with late respiratory impairment as a consequence.展开更多
India is a major contributor to the malaria burden in Southeast Asia, with 83% estimated cases and 82% estimated deaths reported in 2020[1]. As per the National Center for Vector-Borne Disease Control(NCVBDC) estimate...India is a major contributor to the malaria burden in Southeast Asia, with 83% estimated cases and 82% estimated deaths reported in 2020[1]. As per the National Center for Vector-Borne Disease Control(NCVBDC) estimates, around 0.19 million cases and 93 deaths occurred in the country due to malaria in 2020. Since 2002, India has made impressive progress in malaria control with an approximately 90% reduction in malaria cases over the last two decades and is on the road to malaria elimination by 2030.展开更多
Controlling neuronal activity using implantable neural interfaces constitutes an important tool to understand and develop novel strategies against brain diseases.Infrared neurostimulation is a promising alternative to...Controlling neuronal activity using implantable neural interfaces constitutes an important tool to understand and develop novel strategies against brain diseases.Infrared neurostimulation is a promising alternative to optogenetics for controlling the neuronal circuitry with high spatial resolution.However,bi-directional interfaces capable of simultaneously delivering infrared light and recording electrical signals from the brain with minimal inflammation have not yet been reported.Here,we have developed a soft fibre-based device using high-performance polymers which are>100-fold softer than conventional silica glass used in standard optical fibres.The developed implant is capable of stimulating the brain activity in localized cortical domains by delivering laser pulses in the 2μm spectral region while recording electrophysiological signals.Action and local field potentials were recorded in vivo from the motor cortex and hippocampus in acute and chronic settings,respectively.Immunohistochemical analysis of the brain tissue indicated insignificant inflammatory response to the infrared pulses while the signal-to-noise ratio of recordings still remained high.Our neural interface constitutes a step forward in expanding infrared neurostimulation as a versatile approach for fundamental research and clinically translatable therapies.展开更多
The incidence of nephrolithiasis,commonly known as kidney stone,is increasing worldwide with significant health and economic burden.Approximately 2 million people every year in India are affected by kidney stones.It a...The incidence of nephrolithiasis,commonly known as kidney stone,is increasing worldwide with significant health and economic burden.Approximately 2 million people every year in India are affected by kidney stones.It affects all ages,genders,and races,but between the ages of 20 and 49 years,it affects most frequently in men than women.Different types of stones include calcium stones,cysteine stones,struvite or magnesium ammonium phosphate stones,uric acid stones,and drug-induced stones.This review article provides information about general pathophysiology,epidemiology,clinical presentation,and pharmacological treatment,which includes ayurvedic and herbal medicines for nephrolithiasis.Further understanding of the pathophysiological link between nephrolithiasis and systemic disorders is necessary for the development of new therapeutic options.展开更多
文摘Rationale:Multi-organ failure is a symptom of paraquat poisoning,resulting in high mortality and morbidity rates.Though paraquat is widely available,poisoning through inhalation is rare.Patient’s Concern:A 37-year-old male reported to the emergency department with complaints of vomiting after an alleged history of inhalation of paraquat while at work.Diagnosis:Paraquat poisoning.Interventions:Supportive management along with multiple sessions of hemodialysis.Outcomes:Renal complications caused by paraquat were improved after multiple sessions of hemodialysis.However,the patient developed respiratory complications and later due to persistent hypoxemia and non-responsive to supportive therapy,he succumbed to his illness.Lessons:Acute kidney injury is a complication of paraquat poisoning.However,kidney involvement with the inhalational mode is rare.It is caused by reduction and oxidation cycles,as well as the formation of reactive oxygen species,necessitating hemodialysis as the treatment.Without a clear history,a specific clinical trait,or a diagnostic test,diagnosis can be difficult.Our case thus highlights the inhaled paraquat poisoning,presenting with acute kidney injury with late respiratory impairment as a consequence.
文摘India is a major contributor to the malaria burden in Southeast Asia, with 83% estimated cases and 82% estimated deaths reported in 2020[1]. As per the National Center for Vector-Borne Disease Control(NCVBDC) estimates, around 0.19 million cases and 93 deaths occurred in the country due to malaria in 2020. Since 2002, India has made impressive progress in malaria control with an approximately 90% reduction in malaria cases over the last two decades and is on the road to malaria elimination by 2030.
基金We thank Yuki Mori,Palle Koch and Ryszard S.Gomolka from Panum NMR Core Facility for their technical support.We also thank Guanghui Li from the Department of Neuroscience at Copenhagen University,as well as Ole Bang and Yazhou Wang from the Department of Electrical and Photonics Engineering at the Technical University of Denmark,for providing their expertise and support during the study.This research has been financially supported by Lundbeck Fonden projects(Multi-BRAIN,R276-2018-869 and R380-2021-1171)and VILLUM FONDEN(36063).
文摘Controlling neuronal activity using implantable neural interfaces constitutes an important tool to understand and develop novel strategies against brain diseases.Infrared neurostimulation is a promising alternative to optogenetics for controlling the neuronal circuitry with high spatial resolution.However,bi-directional interfaces capable of simultaneously delivering infrared light and recording electrical signals from the brain with minimal inflammation have not yet been reported.Here,we have developed a soft fibre-based device using high-performance polymers which are>100-fold softer than conventional silica glass used in standard optical fibres.The developed implant is capable of stimulating the brain activity in localized cortical domains by delivering laser pulses in the 2μm spectral region while recording electrophysiological signals.Action and local field potentials were recorded in vivo from the motor cortex and hippocampus in acute and chronic settings,respectively.Immunohistochemical analysis of the brain tissue indicated insignificant inflammatory response to the infrared pulses while the signal-to-noise ratio of recordings still remained high.Our neural interface constitutes a step forward in expanding infrared neurostimulation as a versatile approach for fundamental research and clinically translatable therapies.
文摘The incidence of nephrolithiasis,commonly known as kidney stone,is increasing worldwide with significant health and economic burden.Approximately 2 million people every year in India are affected by kidney stones.It affects all ages,genders,and races,but between the ages of 20 and 49 years,it affects most frequently in men than women.Different types of stones include calcium stones,cysteine stones,struvite or magnesium ammonium phosphate stones,uric acid stones,and drug-induced stones.This review article provides information about general pathophysiology,epidemiology,clinical presentation,and pharmacological treatment,which includes ayurvedic and herbal medicines for nephrolithiasis.Further understanding of the pathophysiological link between nephrolithiasis and systemic disorders is necessary for the development of new therapeutic options.
