An overall assessment of circumanal gland adenoma in a terrier mix breed dog

In September 2012,a 10-year-old,intact male,terrier mix breed dog was evaluated because ofmultiple,0.5 to 1.2 cm in diameter,round,intradermal nodules around the anus.It had surgery toexcise a firm,painful swelling in the left ventrolateral perianal region and the excision part wasobserved under light microscopy.The mass spreading in to sub acute was of left hind leg out fromthe ventro-lateral of anus,1.2 cm伊1 cm/0 cm伊0.5 cm in size and 125 g in weight.A completeblood cell count,serum biochemistry panel,and urinalysis(cystocentesis sample)were evaluated.Significant laboratory data demonstrated microcytic anemia(hemoglobin of 6.4 mg/dL)and normalcoagulation times.No remarkable abnormalities were found in the complete blood count and anionized calcium of 1.91 mmol/L(reference range,1.1-1.3 mmol/L)was confirmed hypercalcemia.On cytologic and histopathologic examinations,evaluation of the aspirate revealed a prominentpopulation of round-to-polygonal nucleated cells arranged as cohesive groups with isolatedindividual cells.A mild degree of anisocytosis and anisokaryosis was observed.In addition,smaller reserve type cells,with darker cytoplasm and a higher nucleocytoplasmic ratio.Theadenomas generally retain the lobular architecture,but some may contain focal areas of cellularpleomorphism.These changes may suggest malignant transformation and have led to discordantinterpretations,the well-developed stroma surrounding the lobules and hepatoid cells was noted.Ulceration,hemorrhage,necrosis and secondary infection with inflammatory cell infiltrates arecommon.These cytology and histopathology features are consistent with hepatoid gland adenoma.

Evaluation of an anal sac adenocarcinoma tumor in a Spitz dog

A 9-year-old emasculated male Spitz with tenesmus and constipation had a subcutaneous mass at the left ventral aspect of the anus with history of polyuria and polydipsia.A complete blood cell count,serum biochemistry panel,and urinalysis(cystocentesis sample)were evaluated.Abnormalities in the serum biochemistry panel included a mildly elevated serum cholesterol concentration(7.28 mmol/L;reference interval,2.70-5.94 mmol/L),increased serum alkaline phosphatase activity(184 U/L;reference interval,9-90 U/L),alanine transaminase(122 U/L;reference interval,5-60 U/L)activity and aspartate aminotransferase(80 U/L;reference interval,5-55 U/L)activity,severe increased total calcium concentration(16.3 mg/dL;reference interval,8.2-12.4 mg/dL or 9.3-11.4 mg/dL),and decreased total calcium concentration(3.4 mg/dL,reference interval,2.5-5.6mg/dL).Furthermore,testing revealed an increased intact parathyroid hormone concentration(38.6 pmol/L;reference interval,3-17 pmol/L).On cytologic and histopathologic examinations,various types of cells were observed.Most of the cells were oval to polygonal and had elliptical or elongate nuclei and a moderate amount of pale to basophilic cytoplasm.The remaining cells had round to oval nuclei and pale to basophilic cytoplasm.Cells of both types were loosely adhered to each other and were arranged in rosette-like structures.Both neoplastic cell types had fine homogenous chromatin and either a small indistinct nucleolus or no visible nucleolus.Mild anisokaryosis and anisocytosis were observed.Histologically,the mass consists of glandular structures formed by cuboidal cells admixed with bundles of spindle cells.Based on location and histologic features,the final diagnosis was adenocarcinoma of the apocrine gland of the anal sac,which should be included as a cytologic differential diagnosis when spindle cells and typical epithelial cells are observed in masses in the region of the anal sac of dogs.

A report of left dorsal displacement of the large colon in a tropical horse

We report one such case which was diagnosed intraoperatively as left dorsal colon volvulus due to multiple mesenteric abnormalities.A 17-year-old castrated male horse was taken to the Tehran University Veterinary Hospital for treatment of metacarpal wound accompanied by severe abdominal distension and acute colic.The treatment and measurement were taken for a month,and the prepared biopsy indicated that the healing trend was obvious.Unfortunately,prior to discharge,the clinical colic manifestations emerged and the animal suddenly died.Dilated large intestine was palpated per rectum and a ventral midline exploratory laparotomy was performed,a complete volvulus of the ascending colon was identified with multiple mesenteric anomalies of unknown aetiology.The pathologic changes observed in this study accurately reflect those changes reported in horse with naturally occurring colonic volvulus and can serve as a reference for subsequent studies on attenuating bowel injury.The present study results can be used to make a scientific assessment of prognosis in the pre-operative,operative,and post-operative management of horses with large colon volvulus.