过去的许多研究集中在“输出”或雄性对特定的精子竞争风险(Risks of spermcompetition,RSC)的反应上,对于雄性利用何种类型的信息来估计RSC也有一些研究。相比而言,缺少对于雄性如何处理RSC信息输入从而产生RSC信息输出的研究。本文提...过去的许多研究集中在“输出”或雄性对特定的精子竞争风险(Risks of spermcompetition,RSC)的反应上,对于雄性利用何种类型的信息来估计RSC也有一些研究。相比而言,缺少对于雄性如何处理RSC信息输入从而产生RSC信息输出的研究。本文提出输入信息处理(直接处理与间接处理)的两种模型并提出了检验这两种模型的方法,以便理解雄性如何处理并储存精子竞争风险的有关信息。直接的输入信息处理模型预测,一个雄性个体可能通过生理反应如激素水平的变化来储存RSC的输入信息。只要这种反应处于活动状态,那么雄性个体将处于“精子竞争风险状态”并产生RSC输出(例如,高精子投资)而不是处于非精子竞争输出状态(例如,相对低的精子投资)。间接的输入信息处理模型预测,雄性个体可能在它的记忆中储存与RSC相关的的输入信息,并在其后使用这些信息以调节其输出(例如,精子投资或交配行为)。我们使用能吸引研究者的多学科方法以理解雄性在不同层次对精子竞争的适应,相信对本文提出假说的检验将有助于新的发现以及新假说的发展。展开更多
The behaviors that surround copulation are characterized as sociosexual behaviors. These behaviors displayed by males that are directed at females may include allogrooming, wrestling, chasing, approach, and time spent...The behaviors that surround copulation are characterized as sociosexual behaviors. These behaviors displayed by males that are directed at females may include allogrooming, wrestling, chasing, approach, and time spent together. The data supported the hypothesis that the duration of sociosexual behaviors differs during the pre-copulatory, peri-copulatory, and post-copulatory phases of the mating bout in meadow voles. Voles spent more time approaching conspecifics during the pre- and peri-copulatory phases than during the post-copulatory phase. Voles spent more time allogrooming, wrestling, and chasing during the pre-copulatory phase than during the peri- and post-copulatory phases. Voles spent similar amounts of time together during the pre-, peri-, and post-copulatory phases. The data suggest that sociosexual behaviors displayed by males may be involved in set- ring the pace and temporal components of the mating bout. During the pre-copulatory phase particular behaviors by male voles may attract females, during the peri-copulatory phase some of these behaviors may stimulate or motivate the female to mate, and during the post-copulatory phase certain behaviors may prepare the male to mate again展开更多
文摘过去的许多研究集中在“输出”或雄性对特定的精子竞争风险(Risks of spermcompetition,RSC)的反应上,对于雄性利用何种类型的信息来估计RSC也有一些研究。相比而言,缺少对于雄性如何处理RSC信息输入从而产生RSC信息输出的研究。本文提出输入信息处理(直接处理与间接处理)的两种模型并提出了检验这两种模型的方法,以便理解雄性如何处理并储存精子竞争风险的有关信息。直接的输入信息处理模型预测,一个雄性个体可能通过生理反应如激素水平的变化来储存RSC的输入信息。只要这种反应处于活动状态,那么雄性个体将处于“精子竞争风险状态”并产生RSC输出(例如,高精子投资)而不是处于非精子竞争输出状态(例如,相对低的精子投资)。间接的输入信息处理模型预测,雄性个体可能在它的记忆中储存与RSC相关的的输入信息,并在其后使用这些信息以调节其输出(例如,精子投资或交配行为)。我们使用能吸引研究者的多学科方法以理解雄性在不同层次对精子竞争的适应,相信对本文提出假说的检验将有助于新的发现以及新假说的发展。
文摘The behaviors that surround copulation are characterized as sociosexual behaviors. These behaviors displayed by males that are directed at females may include allogrooming, wrestling, chasing, approach, and time spent together. The data supported the hypothesis that the duration of sociosexual behaviors differs during the pre-copulatory, peri-copulatory, and post-copulatory phases of the mating bout in meadow voles. Voles spent more time approaching conspecifics during the pre- and peri-copulatory phases than during the post-copulatory phase. Voles spent more time allogrooming, wrestling, and chasing during the pre-copulatory phase than during the peri- and post-copulatory phases. Voles spent similar amounts of time together during the pre-, peri-, and post-copulatory phases. The data suggest that sociosexual behaviors displayed by males may be involved in set- ring the pace and temporal components of the mating bout. During the pre-copulatory phase particular behaviors by male voles may attract females, during the peri-copulatory phase some of these behaviors may stimulate or motivate the female to mate, and during the post-copulatory phase certain behaviors may prepare the male to mate again
