The diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) infection is usually based on the results of urease test and histology. The urease test known as a simple and cheap method does not need special skills to perform or to ...The diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) infection is usually based on the results of urease test and histology. The urease test known as a simple and cheap method does not need special skills to perform or to read the result. The time needed for the test to turn positive depends on the concentration of bacteria, and the accuracy is up to the density of H. pylori density in the biopsy sample, which is generally lower in children than adolescents and adults. Therefore, there are debates about the sensitivity of the urease test in children. The reason for lower sensitivity of the urease test in children was not identified, but might be related to the low density and patchy distribution of bacteria. In this review, we discuss the limitations of the urease test in children according to age, histology, number of biopsy samples, and biopsy site. In children under 5 years old, the differences in positivity rate when the urease test used one or three biopsy samples, and samples from the antrum or the gastric body, were larger than those in children aged 5-15 years. Thus, three or more biopsy samples from both the antrum and body would improve the sensitivity of H. pylori infection diagnosis in children under 5 years old.展开更多
AIM: To investigate clinical profiles and mutations of ABCB11 in Koreans with progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis 2 and review the differences between Koreans and others.METHODS: Of 47 patients with neonatal...AIM: To investigate clinical profiles and mutations of ABCB11 in Koreans with progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis 2 and review the differences between Koreans and others.METHODS: Of 47 patients with neonatal cholestasis, five infants had chronic intrahepatic cholestasis with normal γ-glutamyl transpeptidase. Direct sequencing analyses of ABCB11, including exons and introns, were performed from peripheral blood.RESULTS: Living donor-liver transplantation was performed in four patients because of rapidly progressive hepatic failure and hepatocellular carcinoma. Three missense mutations were found in two patients: compound heterozygous 677C>T(S226L)/3007G>A(G1003R) and heterozygous 2296G>A(G766R). The mutations were located near and in the transmembranous space. CONCLUSION: Alterations in the transmembrane of the bile salt export pump in the Korean infants were different from those previously reported in Chinese, Japanease, Taiwan Residents, and European patients.展开更多
文摘The diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) infection is usually based on the results of urease test and histology. The urease test known as a simple and cheap method does not need special skills to perform or to read the result. The time needed for the test to turn positive depends on the concentration of bacteria, and the accuracy is up to the density of H. pylori density in the biopsy sample, which is generally lower in children than adolescents and adults. Therefore, there are debates about the sensitivity of the urease test in children. The reason for lower sensitivity of the urease test in children was not identified, but might be related to the low density and patchy distribution of bacteria. In this review, we discuss the limitations of the urease test in children according to age, histology, number of biopsy samples, and biopsy site. In children under 5 years old, the differences in positivity rate when the urease test used one or three biopsy samples, and samples from the antrum or the gastric body, were larger than those in children aged 5-15 years. Thus, three or more biopsy samples from both the antrum and body would improve the sensitivity of H. pylori infection diagnosis in children under 5 years old.
文摘AIM: To investigate clinical profiles and mutations of ABCB11 in Koreans with progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis 2 and review the differences between Koreans and others.METHODS: Of 47 patients with neonatal cholestasis, five infants had chronic intrahepatic cholestasis with normal γ-glutamyl transpeptidase. Direct sequencing analyses of ABCB11, including exons and introns, were performed from peripheral blood.RESULTS: Living donor-liver transplantation was performed in four patients because of rapidly progressive hepatic failure and hepatocellular carcinoma. Three missense mutations were found in two patients: compound heterozygous 677C>T(S226L)/3007G>A(G1003R) and heterozygous 2296G>A(G766R). The mutations were located near and in the transmembranous space. CONCLUSION: Alterations in the transmembrane of the bile salt export pump in the Korean infants were different from those previously reported in Chinese, Japanease, Taiwan Residents, and European patients.
