基于自注意力和三维卷积的心脏多类分割方法

心脏多类分割在医学影像领域具有重要意义,可提供精准心脏结构信息,辅助临床诊断。然而,在高分辨率心脏影像多类语义分割模型的训练中,多次下采样导致深层特征的丢失,从而引发分割出来的心脏影像器官不连续和边缘分割错误等问题。为了应对这一挑战,本文提出基于自注意力和三维卷积的神经网络——3DCSNet。具体地,在网络中引入三维特征融合模块和三维空间感知模块,前者集成了自注意力和三维卷积并行特征提取,能够有效地分配特征图同一维度下的通道内部和通道之间的权重;后者通过融合自注意力机制,捕捉不同维度之间的位置相关性信息,避免因为下采样导致重要信息丢失,进一步保留深层关键特征。3DCSNet在公开的先天性心脏病三维计算机断层图像数据集(Image CHD)上优于多个现有模型。

食管癌组织中CyclinB1/CDK1复合物表达量与血清及病灶中标志分子含量的相关性

目的:研究食管癌组织中CyclinB1/CDK1复合物表达量与血清及病灶中标志分子含量的相关性。方法:选择在本院诊断为食管癌的患者作为食管癌组并采集食管癌病灶组织、癌旁病灶组织及血清标本,选择同期体检的健康志愿者作为对照组并采集血清标本。测定食管癌病灶组织、癌旁病灶组织中CyclinB1/CDK1复合物、抑癌基因、侵袭基因的表达量以及血清中肿瘤标志物的含量。结果:食管癌病灶中CyclinB1、CDK1、E2F-1的mRNA表达量显著高于癌旁病灶;食管癌组患者血清中肿瘤标志物CYFRA21-1、SCC-Ag、CD44v5、Stathmin的含量均显著高于对照组志愿者且与食管癌病灶中CyclinB1、CDK1、E2F-1的mRNA表达量呈正相关,食管癌病灶中PTEN、Spink8、p21、p18的mRNA表达量显著低于癌旁病灶且与食管癌病灶中CyclinB1、CDK1、E2F-1的mRNA表达量呈负相关,食管癌病灶中nestin、β-catenin、Snail、Vimentin的mRNA表达量显著高于癌旁病灶且与食管癌病灶中CyclinB1、CDK1、E2F-1的mRNA表达量呈正相关。结论:食管癌组织中CyclinB1/CDK1复合物的高表达能够促进癌细胞的增殖和侵袭。

β-catenin、CD147在结直肠癌组织中的表达及与微血管密度的相关性

目的探讨β-连环蛋白(β-catenin)、细胞外基质金属蛋白酶诱导因子(CD147)在结直肠癌组织中的表达及与微血管密度的的相关性。方法选取2017年1月至2018年4月期间我院收治的经手术切除90例原发性结直肠癌患者标本进行研究,作为结直肠癌组。同时取90例患者癌旁正常组织作为癌旁组。比较两组间基本资料、β-catenin、CD147表达情况,并进行Spearman相关分析。结果结直肠癌组β-catenin异常率、CD147阳性表达率均显著高于癌旁组(P<0.05)。β-catenin、CD147、MVD与性别、年龄、肿瘤直径差异均无关(P>0.05),与TNM分期、分化程度、淋巴结转移、远处转移及浆膜浸润有关(P<0.05)。β-catenin(异常)、CD147(阳性)及β-catenin(异常)+CD147(阳性)的MVD值均明显高于β-catenin(正常)、CD147(阴性)及β-catenin(正常)+CD147(阴性)(P<0.05),且以β-catenin(异常)+C+147(阳性)的MVD值最高(P<0.05)。经过Pearson相关性分析,结直肠癌组织β-catenin、CD147阳性表达与MVD值均呈正相关(P <0. 05)。结论β-catenin、CD147与结直肠癌的发生、发展有关,可能共同参与肿瘤微血管的生成、浸润及转移。

Correlation between the expression of CyclinB1/CDK1 complex in esophageal cancer tissue and the contents of marker molecules in serum and lesion

Objective: To study the correlation between the expression of CyclinB1/CDK1 complex in esophageal cancer tissue and the contents of marker molecules in serum and lesion. Methods:Patients who were diagnosed with esophageal cancer in Mianyang Central Hospital between April 2014 and December 2016 were selected as esophageal cancer group, and the esophageal cancer lesion tissue, adjacent lesion tissue and serum samples were collected;healthy volunteers who received physical examination during the same period were selected as control group and serum samples were collected. The expression of CyclinB1/CDK1 complex, tumor suppressor genes and invasion genes in esophageal cancer lesion tissue and adjacent lesion tissue as well as the levels of tumor markers in serum were detected. Results: CyclinB1, CDK1 and E2F-1 mRNA expression in esophageal cancer lesion were significantly higher than those in adjacent lesion;serum tumor markers CYFRA21-1, SCC-Ag, CD44v5 and Stathmin levels of esophageal cancer group were significantly higher than those of control group and positively correlated with CyclinB1, CDK1 and E2F-1 mRNA expression in esophageal cancer lesion, PTEN, Spink8, p21 and p18 mRNA expression in esophageal cancer lesion were significantly lower than those in adjacent lesion and negatively correlated with CyclinB1, CDK1 and E2F-1 mRNA expression in esophageal cancer lesion, and nestin, β-catenin, Snail and Vimentin mRNA expression in esophageal cancer lesion were significantly higher than those in adjacent lesion and positively correlated with CyclinB1, CDK1 and E2F-1 mRNA expression in esophageal cancer lesion. Conclusion: The high expression of CyclinB1/CDK1 complex in esophageal cancer tissue can promote the proliferation and invasion of cancer cells.

响应面法优化粉被虫草中虫草素的提取工艺

【背景】粉被虫草是民间常用药用真菌,具有抗辐射等多种药理作用,虫草素是其重要的活性物质。【目的】探究粉被虫草中提取虫草素的影响因素,为制取虫草素提供参考。【方法】以虫草素得率为指标,用响应面法优化超声提取工艺。分别考察超声时间、液料比和超声功率对提取效率的影响,在单因素实验基础上进行3因素3水平的响应面分析实验。【结果】最优提取条件为超声时间606 s、液料比45.9:1、超声功率400 W,在此条件下虫草素得率为6.136 mg/g,与模型预测值接近,方程拟合良好。【结论】首次对粉被虫草中虫草素的提取条件进行了研究,将对制取虫草素提供参考,有利于粉被虫草的深度开发利用。