Diagnostic value of HPV and P16 protein in patients with HSIL and prognosis

Objective: To investigate the diagnostic value and prognostic value of HPV and P16 protein in patients with HSIL and to provide a reference for the clinical diagnosis and assessment of the prognosis of patients with HSIL. Methods: The surgical treatment of HSIL patients from January 2013 to January 2015 in our hospital were selected. All patients were routinely tested for HPV and P16 protein, All patients were followed up for 1 year. Patients were divided into progressive group and quiescent group according to whether the disease progressed one year after surgery. Preoperative HPV and P16 protein levels were compared between the two groups. Using receiver operating curve (ROC curve) Analysis of HPV diagnostic value of HSIL. The levels of HPV and P16 protein in the two groups were analyzed and compared. Results: The quantitative level of high-risk HPV-DNA after LEEP was significantly lower than that before operation. The level of P16 protein in preoperative patients was higher than that before operation, and the difference was statistically significant. There were 21 patients in the postoperative progression group, and the average HPV-DNA content in the patients in the progression group was higher than that in the control group within one year after operation. The difference was statistically significant. The P16 protein level in patients in advanced group was significantly higher than that in resting group. Preoperative HPV-DNA levels and P16 protein levels in patients with progressive disease were significantly higher than those in still group. ROC curve analysis showed that the cut-off value of 2.441, HPV-DNA prediction of HSIL patients one year after the recurrence of the sensitivity was 95.12%, the specificity was 76.16%, under the curve area of 0.878;7.4 cut-off value, P16 The predictive value of HSIL patients recurrence after 1 year was 71.95%, specificity was 66.67%, and the area under the curve was 0.753. The recurrence group HPV-DNA content and P16 protein level showed a significant positive correlation, with statistical significance. Conclusions: LEEP can reduce the postoperative levels of HPV and P16 protein in patients with HSIL. The HPV and P16 protein levels are of high value for the early diagnosis of HSIL and the prediction of postoperative disease progression.

Caffeine Suppresses Apoptosis of Bladder Cancer RT4 Cells in Response to Ionizing Radiation by Inhibiting Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated-Chk2-p53 Axis

Background： Caffeine suppresses ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3 related and ataxia telangiectasia mutated （ATM） activities; ATM is the major kinase for DNA damage detection. This study aimed to investigate the effects of caffeine on DNA damage responses in cells from the bladder cancer cell line RT4 those were exposed to ionizing radiation （IR）. Methods： Immunofluorescent staining was performed to investigate changes in the proteins involved in DNA damage responses with or without caffeine. A mouse xenograft model was used to study the effects of caffeine on the DNA damage responses. Western blotting was used to investigate the effects of caffeine pretreatment on the ATM-Chk2-p53-Puma axis, while real-time polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR） assessed changes in messenger RNA levels of p53 and downstream targets responding to IR. Finally, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-dUTP nick end labeling assay. Western blotting and colony formation assay were used to measure the effects of caffeine on radiation-related apoptosis. All of the data were analyzed with a two-tailed Student＇s t-test. Results： lmmunofluorescent staining showed that caffeine pretreatment profoundly suppressed the formation ofyH2AXand p53-binding protein 1 foci in RT4 cells in response to irradiation. Cellular and animal experiments suggested that this suppression was mediated by suppression of the ATM-Chk2-p53-Puma DNA damage-signaling axis. RT-PCR indicated caffeine also attenuated transactivation of p53 and p53-inducible genes. The colony formation assay revealed that caffeine displayed radioprotective effects on RT4 cells in response to low-dose radiation compared to the radiosensitization effects on T24 cells. Conclusion： Caffeine may inhibit IR-related apoptosis of bladder cancer RT4 cells by suppressing activation of the ATM-Chk2-p53-Puma axis.

A new species of Drosophila obscura species group(Diptera: Drosophilidae) from China

A new species of the Drosophila obscura species group is described here, namely Drosophila glabra sp. nov. It was recently found from the Maoershan National Nature Reserve, Guangxi, China. The characteristics of the new species are based not only on morphological characters but also on DNA sequences of the mitochondrial C0II （cytochrome c oxidase subunit II） gene.