Active phase morphology engineering of NiMo/Al2O3 through La introduction for boosting hydrodesulfurization of 4,6-DMDBT

Herein,we designed and constructed a mesoporous LaAlOx via a solvent evaporation induced self-assembly protocol.The structure and physicochemical property of the corresponding NiMo supported catalyst was analyzed by a set of characterizations,and its catalytic activity was investigated for hydrodesulfurization(HDS)of 4,6-dimethyldibenzothiophene.It has confirmed that the incorporation of La profoundly facilitate the generation of“Type II”NiMoS phase by weakening the interaction of Mo–O–Al leakage and promoting the sulfidation of both Ni and Mo oxides as well as changing the morphology of Ni promoted MoS2 slabs,thereafter boosting the HDS performance substantially.The finding here may contribute to the fundamental understanding of structure-activity in ultra-deep desulfurization and inspire the advancement of highly-efficient HDS catalyst in future.

神经内镜联合颅内压监测治疗基底节区脑出血的疗效观察

目的观察神经内镜联合颅内压监测治疗基底节区脑出血的疗效,探讨有效治疗方法。方法收集68例高血压脑出血患者,分为神经内镜下血肿清除联合对侧脑室穿刺颅内压监测组(A组,20例);锥颅血肿穿刺引流术组(B组,25例);开颅血肿清除术组(C组,23例)。比较3组患者术后的甘露醇使用次数、术后监护时间、气管切开率及预后情况。结果 (1)甘露醇使用次数:A组使用甘露醇次数(17.25±2.55)明显少于B组(20.32±2.08),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);(2)术后监护时间:A组(63.60±11.74)h明显少于B组(104.64±16.80)h和C组(138.78±23.95)h,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);(3)气管切开率:A组患者的气管切开率(5.0%)明显低于B组(36.0%)和C组(34.8%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);(4)预后:A组患者的预后(100.0%)优于B组(72.0%)和C组(82.6%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论神经内镜联合颅内压监测治疗基底节区脑出血患者,是一种明确有效的手术方法。

Immune Potential of a Novel Multiple-epitope Vaccine to FMDV Type Asia 1 in Guinea Pigs and Sheep

To develop a safe and efficient recombinant subunit vaccine to foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) type Asia 1 in sheep, a tandem repeated multiple-epitope gene consisting of residues 137-160 and 197-211 of the VP1 gene of FMDV was designed and artificially synthesized. The biologically functional molecule, the ovine IgG heavy constant region (oIgG) as a protein carrier was introduced for design of the multiple-epitope recombinant vaccine and recombinant expression plasmids pET-30a-RE and pET-30a-RE-oIgG were successfully constructed. The recombinant proteins, RE and RE-oIgG, were expressed as a formation of inclusion bodies in E. coli. The immune potential of this vaccine regime in guinea pigs and sheep was evaluated. The results showed that IgG could significantly enhance the immune potential of antigenic epitopes. The recombinant protein RE-oIgG could not only elicit the high levels of neutralizing antibodies and lymphocytes proliferation responses in the vaccinated guinea pigs, but confer complete protection in guinea pigs against virus challenge. Although the recombinant protein RE could not confer protection in the vaccinated animals, it could delay the appearance of the clinical signs and reduce the severity of disease. Inspiringly, the titers of anti-FMDV neutralizing antibodies elicited in sheep vaccinated with RE-oIgG was significantly higher than that for the RE vaccination. Therefore, we speculated that this vaccine formulation may be a promising strategy for designing a novel vaccine against FMDV in the future.

Insight into the oxidative desulfurization of high-sulfur petroleum coke under mild conditions:a journey of vanadium-substituted Dawson-type phosphotungstic acid

High-sulfur petroleum coke(HSPC),that is a by-product from slag oil in the coking process of refning,shows versatility values in practical applications and,however,concentrates the majority of organic sulfur.Herein,we design and construct a highly efective CTAB@HPA composites to be explored for the catalytic oxidative desulfurization of HSPC under mild conditions using hydrogen peroxide as the oxidant and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole tetrafuoroborate ionic liquid as the extractant.The results demonstrate that the sulfur content of HSPC could be strikingly reduced from 4.46 wt%to 2.48 wt%under 60℃ and atmospheric pressure,and that the organic sulfur in HSPC is mainly oxidized to sulfoxide,sulfone and sulfate,which latter can be directly separated from petroleum coke.Moreover,the efect of reaction conditions on the desulfurization performance of HSPC as well as the catalytic oxidation reaction kinetic of HSPC desulfurization was systematically investigated.Furthermore,a mechanism for the oxidative desulfurization of HSPC over CTAB@HPA catalysts was proposed.Therefore,this work provides new insight into how to construct active catalysts for the desulfurization of HSPC under mild conditions.

Cloning the Structure Genes and Expression the N Gene of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus DX

The structure genes spike(S) ,nucleocapsid(N) ,membrane(M) ,small membrane(sM) of a porcine epidemic diarrhea virus(PEDV) strain DX isolated in Gansu province,North-west of China,were cloned,sequenced and compared with published sequences of PEDV strains. The nucleotide sequences encoding the entire S,sM,M and N genes open reading frame(ORF) of DX were 4 152,231,681 and 1 326 bases long respectively. There were transcription regulatory sequences(TRSs) upstream of the initiator ATG of the S,N and M genes. The amino acids sequences of S,M and N contained 30,3 and 7 potential asparagine(N) -linked glycosylation sites. Homologous analysis and phylogenetic trees showed that DX had the closest relationship with strains LJB/06,JS-2004-2Z and CH/HLJH/06 that were also isolated from China and indicated the prevalence of some PEDV isolates in China were widespread since the JS-2004-2Z strain originated from the south of the China,and LJB/06 and CH/HLJH/06 were isolated from northeast China. The N gene was cloned using two primers which contained Nco I and BamH I restriction enzyme sites and subcloned into expression vector pET30a. The recombinant plasmid was then transformed into E.coli Rossta. SDS-PAGE showed there was a protein of about 55kDa as expected and Western blot indicated the N protein had biological activity.

Prokaryotic Expression and Potential Application of the Truncated PCV-2 Capsid Protein

Three pairs of specific primers were designed to amplify the F2-1, F2-2 and XF2-2 truncated sequences of ORF2 which encodes the capsid protein of porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV-2). The F2-1 sequence had most of the NLS region of ORF2, but the F2-2 and XF2-2 genes had the NLS region deleted. Truncated genes were subcloned into pET-32a(+) vectors to construct recombinant fusion expression vectors. The vectors were then transformed into Rosetta(DE3) E. coli and expressed by induction of IPTG. Expressed proteins were detected by western blotting and ELISA. The protein with best immunoreactivity was confirmed and selected, then utilized to inoculate SPF rabbits to prepare polyclonal antibodies. The protein and prepared polyclonal antibody were utilized to detect sera samples against PCV-2 from Shandong province and PCV-2 particles in PK-15 cells. In our study, three recombinant fusion proteins were successfully obtained, and the molecular weights of fusion proteins were 35.9 kDa, 33.6 kDa and 38.6 kDa respectively detected by SDS-PAGE. All of the proteins showed positive reaction with anti-PCV-2 antisera, and His-XF2-2 showed better immunoreactivity than the others. The protein of His-XF2-2 was coated as antigen in ELISA to detect the seroprevalence of PCV-2 in certain districts of Shandong province, the seropositivity rate was 27.7 % (73/264). Specific fluorescence and positive signals for PCV-2 could be detected in PK-15 cells inoculated with PCV-2 with the participation of prepared antibodies against His-XF2-2 in IFA and IPMA. Experimental results indicated that the truncated PCV-2 ORF2 gene containing most of the NLS region was successfully expressed in E. coli, and His-XF2-2 was demonstrated to have better immunoreactivity with anti-PCV-2 antisera than the other two fusion proteins. His-XF2-2 and prepared polyclonal antibodies against it had a satisfactory capability in detecting PCV-2 infection.

Complete Genomic Sequence of Transmissible Gastroenteritis Virus TS and 3' End Sequence Characterization Following Cell Culture

The complete genome sequence of transmissible Gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) strain TS, previously isolated from Gansu province, was cloned and compared with published sequence data from other TGEV strains. Phylogenetic tree analysis based on the amino acid and nucleotide sequences of the S gene showed that the TGEV strains were divided into 3 clusters. TGEV TS showed a close evolutionary relationship to the American Miller cluster but had a 5' non-translated region (NTR) sequence closely related to the American Purdue cluster. Continued culture in different cell types indicated that TGEV TS virulence could be attenuated after fifty passages in Porcine kidney (PK-15) cells, and that the Porcine kidney cell line IB-RS-2 (IBRS) was not suitable for culture of the TGEV strain TS.

Catalytic oxidation of pentanethiol on basic nitrogen doped carbon hollow spheres derived from waste tires

A series of basic nitrogen doped carbon hollow spheres(p-N-C) catalysts derived from waste tires were prepared by a green, facile and environmental “leavening” strategy for the catalytic oxidation of pentanethiol. Compared to pristine carbon, the p-N-C has a higher surface curvature conducive to the enrichment of substrates, leading to an excellent catalytic performance. This increased surface curvature of p-N-C was fabricated on the synergistic effect of two foaming agents((NH4)2 C2 O4 and NaHCO3), and the released gas also endows the spherical shell of p-N-C with a hierarchical porous structure, promoting the accessibility of active sites with pentanethiol. Pyridine-like and pyrrolic-like nitrogen atoms were investigated as reactive sites on the p-N-C to accelerate the electron transfer from sulfur to active surface oxygen and enhance the adsorption/oxidation process. As a result, the optimal p-N-C catalyst exhibits superior adsorption and oxidation performance(99.9%) of pentanethiol, outperforming the “unleavened”catalyst(20.8%). This work offers a new avenue for the fabrication of highly efficient materials for the desulfurization of fuel.

Optimization of sintering parameters for fabrication of Ag-sheathed FeSe superconducting wires

Ag-sheathed Fe1.05Se superconducting wires were fabricated with ex-situ powder in tube （PIT） process. Fe and Se powders with molar ratio of 1.05 were firstly mixed and sintered under 600 ℃ for 12 h to form precursor powders. Owing to the complex Fe-Se binary phase diagram, both superconducting tetragonal FeSe and nonsuperconducting hexagonal FeSe could be formed simultaneously during sintering. Aiming at the reduction of hexagonal FeSe phase content and higher superconducting phase volume, the influences of key parameters, including sintering time, cooling rate and heating rate, on the phase composition of sintered wires were systematically studied. Optimal sintering parameters are obtained, and the maximum tetragonal FeSe phase content of ~ 97% is achieved. Meanwhile, the effects of packing density of precursor powders on the phase composition of final wires were also discussed. Owing to the shorter length of diffusion path, more tetragonal FeSe was formed with higher packing density. The superconducting transition signal with critical temperature of ~ 7.5 K was obtained, which proved the effectiveness of our optimal sintering process.