Enhancing mechanisms of N-doped biomass carbon on the vanadium-based catalyst for furan degradation at low temperature

Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans(PCDD/Fs)have attracted widespread concern due to their high toxicity,and their difficult manipulation in laboratories has made the research process tough.Thus,in our work,furan is selected as the model compound owing to the same structure of a central oxygenate ring.Although catalytic oxidation is regarded as an effective and applicable method for the abatement of PCDD/Fs,the synthesis of low-temperature catalysts is still a challenging problem in practical applications.Considering this situation,we prepared a novel V_(2)O_(5)/TiO_(2)catalyst modified with N-doped hierarchical porous carbon(NHPC)via a wet impregnation method.The V/T-1%NHPC catalyst could achieve expectant low-temperature performances with 50%furan conversion at 150℃and a complete conversion at 200℃,which decreased 23℃and 40℃compared to the V/T catalyst respectively.Moreover,the addition of NHPC presented lifting chemical stability during long-time test.The addition of NHPC in V/T catalysts decreased the formation of crystalline V_(2)O_(5) and increased the percentages of V^(5+)and O_(lat),which improved the utilization of vanadium ions and the catalytic activity.Simultaneously,the higher binding energy shift of O_(lat) implied more reaction possibility with other oxidise reactants.Importantly,this work proved the lifting catalytic activity by the interaction between catalysts and NHPC,and proposed the promoting effects of the N element.The results showed that the content of the pyridinic N and graphitic N in NHPC changed after combining with V/T catalyst,which played crucial roles in the excellent catalytic performance.Overall,this work provides comprehensive research of the V/T-1%NHPC catalyst toward furan oxidation at low temperature and explain the effects of N-doped biomass carbon in catalytic activity clearly,which gave a new thought to design low-temperature catalysts in PCDD/Fs degradation.Besides,the internal functional mechanisms of N species are worth further exploration in future studies.

环境友好型有机热电和薄膜晶体管材料的研究进展

有机半导体是新一代光电材料的重要体系,在柔性显示、发电和传感等领域具有广阔的应用前景.现有可溶有机半导体大多使用含氯溶剂,对人体健康和生态环境造成危害.伴随着光电子产业向环境友好方向发展,可绿色溶剂加工的有机半导体受到广泛关注并取得快速发展.本文从有机半导体的分子设计、溶剂选择、加工方法等方面综述了可绿色溶剂加工的有机半导体研究进展,重点介绍分子设计策略和相关材料在有机薄膜晶体管和有机热电器件中的应用,最后总结了环境友好型的有机半导体面临的挑战与机遇.

Identification of Q-Markers from Hedan Tablet by employing “spiderweb”mode and taking compounds'hepatotoxicity into account

Objective Due to the complicated compounds and the synergistic effect of multi-compounds,the quality control and assessment of Chinese materia medica(CMM)encounters a great challenge about how to identify the key compounds,which are directly correlated with its efficacy and safety.On the guidance of study on quality marker(Q-Marker),identification of Q-Markers was performed from Hedan Tablet(HDT)by the aid of the“spider-web”mode and hepatotoxicity evaluation derived from our previous researches and literatures.Methods By the established ultra performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array detector(UPLC-PDA)method,online UPLC-DPPH·and offline antioxidant assay,21 candidate compounds of HDT were systematically investigated and comprehensively evaluated by the“spider-web”mode for them properties of Q-Marker based on“content-stability-activity”.In addition,the Q-Markers related with hepatotoxicity based on our previous researches and literatures were identified.Results Salvianolic acid B(SaB),quercetin-3-O-glucuronide(Qug),isoquercitrin(IQ)and hyperoside(Hyp)were adopted as the preferable Q-Markers of HDT according to the shaded area(A)of tested compounds in“spider-web”mode.Psoralen(Ps),isopsoralen(IP),psoralenoside(PO)and isopsoralenoside(IPO)were also strongly recommended as Q-Markers closely related with safety by considering hepatotoxicity of the accumulated Ps and IP and conversion between glycoside(PO and IPO)and aglycone(Ps and IP).Conclusion This study provided scientific evidence for quality control and assessment of HDT,and also provided a meaningful reference for application of Q-Markers in CMM.

Green hydrogen from bio-ethanol reforming using micro plasma

Hydrogen is a kind of energy source with a characteristic of high calorific value and plasma is regarded as a good method of hydrogen production.Hydrogen produced from ethanol reforming using micro plasma can be utilized for portable applications.The study introduces water/carbon ratio,residence time,and ethanol mass flow rate as the parameters of experimental conditions,and makes ethanol conversion,gas production rate,gas product selectivity,energy consumption,and efficiency of hydrogen production per unit as the evaluation parameters of ethanol reforming reaction.The experimental results showed that(1)in the argon micro plasma:the maximum ethanol conversion of 25.3%was obtained at residence time=2.1 ms,ethanol mass flow rate=0.01 g/s and S/C=1.0,and the peak value of hydrogen production of 18.7μmol/s was achieved at residence time=2.1 ms,ethanol mass flow rate=0.05 g/s and S/C=1.0;(2)in the air micro plasma:the maximum ethanol conversion of 37.4%was obtained at residence time=2.1 ms,ethanol mass flow rate=0.01 g/s and S/C=1.0,and the peak value of hydrogen production of 36.8μmol/s was achieved at residence time=2.1 ms,ethanol mass flow rate=0.03 g/s and S/C=3.0.These experimental results showed that the microreactor can substantially reduce the volume of the device while producing a large amount of output.

Plasma pyrolysis and gasification of carambola leaves using non-thermal arc plasma

Soil pollution(heavy metals and organic matter)is becoming more and more serious,phytoremediation has rapidly become a highly important method to deal with this problem.Therefore,the treatment and disposal of hyperaccumulators have been a topic of concern.In this paper,carambola leaves are selected as feedstock considering that carambola is a potential hyperaccumulator.A series of tests were performed to discuss 6 main influencing factors on total gas yield and metal fixing using a non-thermal arc plasma setup,to investigate the feasibility of plasma treatment of hyperaccumulator and provide a new method to utilize the harvested hyperaccumulator.The maximum total gas yield reached approximately 85%at an airflow rate of 3 L/min,the processing time of 7 min,discharge power of 29.95 W with the addition of water(water:sample=1:1).A reducing or inert carrier gas or the addition of some specific inorganic additives at optimal conditions were in favor of increasing metal fixing efficiency.However,the effects of these factors usually have two sides,and some factors may have conflicting effects between gas yield and metal fixing,and.It is necessary to optimize these factors for achieving the desired goal.The obtained solid products exhibit the potential to fix metals and act as activated carbon.

Research on the treatment of sludge drying gas spray wastewater using discharge free radicals

Wastewater from the spray absorption treatment of sludge drying gas is a kind of refractory wastewater with poor biodegradability.In this study,the free radicals generated from the double dielectric barrier were innovatively used for the degradation of simulated spray wastewater.The effects of residence time,input power,initial pH,aeration rate,and discharge area on the degradation rate and COD(chemical oxygen demand)removal rate were investigated.The optimal conditions were as follows:residence time=120 min,input power=170.0 W,initial pH=5.54,aeration rate=0.9 mL/min,discharge area=10.8 cm^(2),and the initial concentrations of NH_(3),H_(2)S,methanethiol,trimethylamine,benzene and toluene were 250,250,50,50,50 and 100 mg/L,respectively.Meanwhile,it was also found that hydroxyl radical(⋅OH)played an important role in the degradation process.