Enhancement of catalytic and anti-carbon deposition performance of SAPO-34/ZSM-5/quartz films in MTA reaction by Si/Al ratio regulation

In order to further improve the catalytic performance of zeolite catalyst for methanol to aromatics(MTA)technology, the double-tier SAPO-34/ZSM-5/quartz composite zeolite films were successfully synthesized via hydrothermal crystallization. The Si/Al ratio of SAPO-34 film was used as the only variable to study this material. The composite zeolite material with 0.6Si/Al ratio of SAPO-34 has the largest mesoporous specific surface area and the most suitable acid distribution. The catalytic performance for the MTA process showed that 0.6-SAPO-34/ZSM-5/quartz film has as high as 50.3% benzene-toluenexylene selectivity and 670 min lifetime. The MTA reaction is carried out through the path we designed to effectively avoid the hydrocarbon pool circulation of ZSM-5 zeolite, so as to improve the aromatics selectivity and inhibit the occurrence of deep side reactions to a great extent. The coke deposition behavior was monitored by thermogravimetric analysis and gas chromatograph/mass spectrometer, it is found that with the increase of Si/Al ratio, the active intermediates changed from low-substituted methylbenzene to high-substituted methylbenzene, which led to the rapid deactivation of the catalyst. This work provides a possibility to employ the synergy effect of composite zeolite film synthesizing anti-carbon deposition catalyst in MTA reaction.

Study on Professor Diangui Li's Medication Experience in Treating Atrophic Gastritis Concomitant with Helicobacter Pylori Infection Based on Data Mining

Objective Our objective was to explore the national traditional Chinese medicine by studying master Diangui Li's medication experience in treating atrophic gastritis(AG)concomitant with Helicobacter pylori(Hp)infection based on data mining,and to provide the reference for the clinical treatment of relevant diseases.Methods The Chinese medicine prescriptions of the patients'first visits to the Famous Doctors'Consultation Room in Hebei Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine from May 2019 to December 2022 were collected and frequency analysis of the Chinese herbs,association rules analysis of the Chinese herbs,and cluster analysis were conducted using the Famous Doctor Inheritance Assistance Platform.ResultsA total of 188 prescriptions were collected,with 136 kinds of Chinese herbs.The highest use frequency of Chinese herbs was 185 and the lowest was 1.There were 28 kinds of Chinese herbs with high use frequency.The top 10 herbs with the high use frequency include Baihuasheshecao(Hedyotis Diffusae Herba),Huanglian(Coptidis Rhizoma),Yinchen(Artemisiae Scopariae Herba),jigucao(Abriherba),Baishao(Paeoniae Radix Alba),Danggui(Angelicae Sinensis Radix),Banzhilian(Scutellariae Barbatae Herba),Baihe(Lili Bulbus),Zhishi(Auranti Immaturus Fructus),Chuanxiong(Chuanxiong Rhizoma).Chinese herbs with high frequency use are mostly heat-clearing herbs and qi-regulating herbs;the flavors of the herbs are mainly pungent,bitter,and sweet;the properties are mainly warm,cold,and neutral;the meridian tropism is mainly the spleen,liver,and stomach meridians.The core herbal medicines are Huanglian(Coptidis Rhizoma),Yinchen(Artemisiae Scopariae Herba),Baishao(Paeoniae Radix Alba),Danggui(Angelicae Sinensis Radix),etc.;the results of association rules:Jigucao(Abriherba)-Kushen(Sophorae Flavescentis Radix),Jjiaogulan(Gynostemmatis Pentaphylli Rhizoma seu Herba)-Banlangen(lsatidis Radix),Huangqin(Scutellariae Radix)-Banlangen(lsatidis Radix),etc.;the results of cluster analysis showed that there were 10 clusters:(1)Yinchen(Artemisiae Scopariae Herba),Huanglian(Coptidis Rhizoma),Baihuasheshecao(Hedyotis Diffusae Herba),Banzhilian(Scutellariae Barbatae Herba),Jigucao(Abriherba);(2)Baishao(Paeoniae Radix Alba),Danggui(Angelicae Sinensis Radix),Chuanxiong(Chuanxiong Rhizoma),Wuyao(Linderae Radix);(3)Yuanhu(Corydalis Rhizoma),Danshen(Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma),Baizhi(Angelicae Dahuricae Radix).Conclusions For the treatment of AG concomitant with Hp infection,Professor Diangui Li mainly adopts the method of clearing heat and removing the toxin,regulating qi and resolving phlegm,combining disease differentiation with syndrome differentiation,performing reinforcing method,and reducing method simultaneously to regulate the mechanism of the human body.

数字化转型下人力资源信息系统建设分析

本文首先介绍了数字化转型中建设人力资源信息系统的必要性。再通过专业的研究与分析,弄清楚人力资源信息系统的建设过程。过程内容包括引入综合管理系统、开展数字化招聘、搭建员工自助服务系统、推动数字化培训及加强数据隐私保护等。然后根据信息系统建设状态,提出优化人力资源信息系统建设的有效方法,从而高效增强数字化转型下人力资源信息系统建设发展水平。

The Odd Solutions of Equations Involving Euler-Like Function

φe(n) is a function similar to Euler function φ(n). We discussed and obtained all the odd solutions of the equations φe(xy) = φe(x) + 2φe(y), φe(xy) = 2φe(x) + 3φe(y) and φe(xyz) = φe(x) + φe(y) + φe(z) by using the methods and techniques of elementary number theory.

Recent advances in gel polymer electrolyte for high-performance lithium batteries

Lithium batteries (LBs) have become increasingly important energy storage systems in our daily life. However, their practical applications are still severely plagued by the safety issues from liquid electrolyte, especially when the batteries are exposed to mechanical, thermal, or electrical abuse conditions. Gel polymer electrolytes (GPEs) are being considered as an effective solution to replace currently available organic liquid electrolyte for building safer LBs. This review provides recent advancements in GPEs applied for high-performance LBs. On the one hand, from the environmental and economic point of view, the skeletons of GPEs changed from traditional polymer to renewable and degradable polymer. On the other hand, in addition to being as a component with good electrochemical and physical characterizations, the GPEs also need to provide some functions for addressing the concerns of lithium (Li) dendrites, unstable cathode electrolyte interface, dissolution and migration of transition metal ions,"shuttle effect" of polysulfides, and so on. Finally, to synchronously meet the challenges from the advanced cathode and Li metal anode, the bio-based GPEs with multi-functionality are proposed to develop high-energy/powerdensity batteries in the future.

Fault Diagnosis of Motor in Frequency Domain Signal by Stacked De-noising Auto-encoder

With the rapid development of mechanical equipment,mechanical health monitoring field has entered the era of big data.Deep learning has made a great achievement in the processing of large data of image and speech due to the powerful modeling capabilities,this also brings influence to the mechanical fault diagnosis field.Therefore,according to the characteristics of motor vibration signals(nonstationary and difficult to deal with)and mechanical‘big data’,combined with deep learning,a motor fault diagnosis method based on stacked de-noising auto-encoder is proposed.The frequency domain signals obtained by the Fourier transform are used as input to the network.This method can extract features adaptively and unsupervised,and get rid of the dependence of traditional machine learning methods on human extraction features.A supervised fine tuning of the model is then carried out by backpropagation.The Asynchronous motor in Drivetrain Dynamics Simulator system was taken as the research object,the effectiveness of the proposed method was verified by a large number of data,and research on visualization of network output,the results shown that the SDAE method is more efficient and more intelligent.

Land Use Change and Driving Forces in Guangzhou City during 1996- 2012

Based on the statistical data of land use change,from the perspective of sustainable use,we use literature inquiry,statistical analysis,GIS spatial analysis and dynamic degree model of land use,to analyze the land use change characteristics,land use amount and spatial distribution characteristics in Guangzhou City during 1996- 2012,and further elaborate the driving forces of land use change to get the basic law of land use change in Guangzhou City. The results show that the construction land was rapidly expanded,causing a significant reduction in arable land( from 129286 ha in 1996 to 84567 ha in 2012); in construction land,the land for residential,industrial and mining use and transportation land dramatically increased,and the single dynamic degree of transportation land was close to 7. 1%. In comparison with other developed cities,it is found that economic factors and policy factors are important factors affecting land use change in Guangzhou City,and the growth rate of economic density of land was high in Tianhe District and Yuexiu District. From the perspective of sustainable use,the future land use in Guangzhou City needs to better coordinate the relationship between various types of land,between socio-economic development and coordinated land use development,between environmental protection and land development and utilization. Through a series of land consolidation activities,it is necessary to strengthen the protection of farmland,improve the intensive and economical use of construction land,improve the ecological environment,and coordinate development of urban and rural areas,to ultimately achieve sustainable land use in Guangzhou City.

Weak Fault Diagnosis of Rolling Bearing Based on Improved Stochastic Resonance

Stochastic resonance can use noise to enhance weak signals,effectively reducing the effect of noise signals on feature extraction.In order to improve the early fault recognition rate of rolling bearings,and to overcome the shortcomings of lack of interaction in the selection of SR(Stochastic Resonance)method parameters and the lack of validation of the extracted features,an adaptive genetic random resonance early fault diagnosis method for rolling bearings was proposed.compared with the existing methods,the AGSR(Adaptive Genetic Stochastic Resonance)method uses genetic algorithms to optimize the system parameters,and further optimizes the parameters while considering the interaction between the parameters.This method can effectively extract the weak fault features of the bearing.In order to verify the effect of feature extraction,the feature signal extracted by AGSR method was input into the Fully connected neural network for fault diagnosis.the practicality of the algorithm is verified by simulation data and rolling bearing experimental data.the results show that the proposed method can effectively detect the early weak features of rolling bearings,and the fault diagnosis effect is better than the existing methods.

二维铁电半导体层级处理模块设计及低功耗高性能人工视觉系统应用

The growth of data and Internet of Things challenges traditional hardware,which encounters efficiency and power issues owing to separate functional units for sensors,memory,and computation.In this study,we designed an a-phase indium selenide(a-In_(2)Se_(3))transistor,which is a two-dimensional ferroelectric semiconductor as the channel material,to create artificial optic-neural and electro-neural synapses,enabling cutting-edge processing-in-sensor(PIS)and computing-in-memory(CIM)functionalities.As an optic-neural synapse for low-level sensory processing,the a-In_(2)Se_(3)transistor exhibits a high photoresponsivity(2855 A/W)and detectivity(2.91×10^(14)Jones),facilitating efficient feature extraction.For high-level processing tasks as an electro-neural synapse,it offers a fast program/erase speed of 40 ns/50μs and ultralow energy consumption of 0.37 aJ/spike.An AI vision system using a-In_(2)Se_(3)transistors has been demonstrated.It achieved an impressive recognition accuracy of 92.63%within 12 epochs owing to the synergistic combination of the PIS and CIM functionalities.This study demonstrates the potential of the a-In_(2)Se_(3)transistor in future vision hardware,enhancing processing,power efficiency,and AI applications.

Controlled growth of vertically stacked In_(2)Se_(3)/WSe_(2) heterostructures for ultrahigh responsivity photodetector

Transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDCs)are promising candidates for future optoelectronic devices accounting for their high carrier mobility and excellent quantum efficiency.However,the limited light absorption efficiency in atomically thin layers significantly hinders photocarrier generation,thereby impairing the optoelectronic performance and hindering practical applications.Herein,we successfully synthesized In_(2)Se_(3)/WSe_(2) heterostructures through a typical two-step chemical vapor deposition(CVD)method.The In_(2)Se_(3) nanosheet with strong light absorption capability,serving as the light absorption layer,was integrated with the monolayer WSe_(2),enhancing the photosensitivity of WSe_(2) significantly.Upon laser irradiation with a wavelength of 520 nm,the In_(2)Se_(3)/WSe_(2) heterostructure device shows an ultrahigh photoresponsivity with a value as high as 2333.5 A/W and a remarkable detectivity reaching up to 6.7×10^(12) Jones,which is the highest among almost the reported TMDCs-based heterostructures grown via CVD even some fabricated by mechanical exfoliation(ME).Combing the advantages of CVD method such as large scale,high yield,and clean interface,the In_(2)Se_(3)/WSe_(2) heterostructures would provide a novel path for future high-performance optoelectronic device.

Interfacial engineering for high-performance garnet-based solid-state lithium batteries

Solid-state batteries represent the future of energy storage technology,offering improved safety and energy density.Garnet-type Li_(7)La_(3)Zr_(2)O_(12)(LLZO)solidstate electrolytes-based solid-state lithium batteries(SSLBs)stand out for their appealingmaterial properties and chemical stability.Yet,their successful deployment depends on conquering interfacial challenges.This review article primarily focuses on the advancement of interfacial engineering for LLZO-based SSLBs.We commence with a concise introduction to solid-state electrolytes and a discussion of the challenges tied to interfacial properties in LLZO-based SSLBs.We deeply explore the correlations between structure and properties and the design principles vital for achieving an ideal electrode/electrolyte interface.Subsequently,we delve into the latest advancements and strategies dedicated to overcoming these challenges,with designated sections on cathode and anode interface design.In the end,we share our insights into the advancements and opportunities for interface design in realizing the full potential of LLZO-based SSLBs,ultimately contributing to the development of safe and high-performance energy storage solutions.

Ccdc57 is required for straightening the body axis by regulating ciliary motility in the brain ventricle of zebrafish

Recently,cilia defects have been proposed to contribute to scoliosis.Here,we demonstrate that coiled-coil domain-containing 57(Ccdc57)plays an essential role in straightening the body axis of zebrafish by regulating ciliary beating in the brain ventricle(BV).Zygotic ccdc57(Zccdc57)mutant zebrafish developes scoliosis without significant changes in their bone density and calcification,and the maternal-zygotic ccdc57(MZccdc57)mutant embryos display curved bodies since the long-pec stage.The expression of ccdc57 is enriched in ciliated tissues and immunofluorescence analysis reveals colocalization of Ccdc57-HA with acetylated a-tubulin,implicating it in having a role in ciliary function.Further examination reveals that it is the coordinated cilia beating of multiple cilia bundles(MCB)in the MZccdc57 mutant embryos that is affected at 48 hours post fertilization,when the compromised cerebrospinal fluid flow and curved body axis have already occurred.Either ccdc57 m RNA injection or epinephrine treatment reverses the spinal curvature in MZccdc57 mutant larvae from ventrally curly to straight or even dorsally curly and significantly upregulates urotensin signaling.This study reveals the role of ccdc57 in maintaining coordinated cilia beating of MCB in the BV.

Pharmacological inhibition of BAP1 recruits HERC2 to competitively dissociate BRCA1-BARD1, suppresses DNA repair and sensitizes CRC to radiotherapy

Radiotherapy is widely used in the management of advanced colorectal cancer(CRC).However,the clinical efficacy is limited by the safe irradiated dose.Sensitizing tumor cells to radiotherapy via interrupting DNA repair is a promising approach to conquering the limitation.The BRCA1-BARD1 complex has been demonstrated to play a critical role in homologous recombination(HR)DSB repair,and its functions may be affected by HERC2 or BAP1.Accumulated evidence illustrates that the ubiquitination-deubiquitination balance is involved in these processes;however,the precise mechanism for the cross-talk among these proteins in HR repair following radiation hasn’t been defined.Through activity-based profiling,we identified PT33 as an active entity for HR repair suppression.Subsequently,we revealed that BAP1 serves as a novel molecular target of PT33 via a CRISPR-based deubiquitinase screen.Mechanistically,pharmacological covalent inhibition of BAP1 with PT33 recruits HERC2 to compete with BARD1 for BRCA1 interaction,interrupting HR repair.Consequently,PT33 treatment can substantially enhance the sensitivity of CRC cells to radiotherapy in vitro and in vivo.Overall,these findings provide a mechanistic basis for PT33-induced HR suppression and may guide an effective strategy to improve therapeutic gain.

Targeting small GTPases:emerging grasps on previously untamable targets.pioneered by KRAS

Small GTPases including Ras,Rho,Rab,Arf,and Ran are omnipresent molecular switches in regulating key cellular functions.Their dysregulation is a therapeutic target for tumors,neurodegeneration,cardiomyopathies,and infection.However,small GTPases have been historically recognized as“undruggable”.Targeting KRAS,one of the most frequently mutated oncogenes,has only come into reality in the last decade due to the development of breakthrough strategies such as fragment-based screening,covalent ligands,macromolecule inhibitors,and PROTACs.Two KRAS^(G12C)covalent inhibitors have obtained accelerated approval for treating KRAS^(G12C)mutant lung cancer,and allele-specific hotspot mutations on G12D/S/R have been demonstrated as viable targets.New methods of targeting KRAS are quickly evolving,including transcription,immunogenic neoepitopes,and combinatory targeting with immunotherapy.Nevertheless,the vast majority of small GTPases and hotspot mutations remain elusive,and clinical resistance to G12C inhibitors poses new challenges.In this article,we summarize diversified biological functions,shared structural properties,and complex regulatory mechanisms of small GTPases and their relationships with human diseases.Furthermore,we review the status of drug discovery for targeting small GTPases and the most recent strategic progress focused on targeting KRAS.The discovery of new regulatory mechanisms and development of targeting approaches will together promote drug discovery for small GTPases.

Impact analysis of human factors on power system operation reliability

Along with the improvement of electrical equipment reliability,people’s unsafe behaviors and human errors have become one of main sources of risks in power systems.However,there is no comprehensive study on human factors and human reliability analysis in power systems.In allusion to this situation,this paper attempts to analyze the impact of human factors on power system reliability.First,this paper introduces current situation of human factors in power systems and the latest research progress in this field.Several analysis methods are proposed according to specified situations,and these methods are verified by some power system practical cases.On this base,this paper illustrates how human factors affect power system operation reliability from 2 typical aspects:imperfect maintenance caused by human errors,and impact of human factors on emergency dispatch operation and power system cascading failure.Finally,based on information decision and action in crew(IDAC),a novel dispatcher training evaluation simulation system(DTESS)is established,which can incorporate all influencing factors.Once fully developed,DTESS can be used to simulate dispatchers’response when encountering an initial event,and improve power system dispatching reliability.

Ag-Pd alloy decorated ZnIn_(2)S_(4) microspheres with optimal Schottky barrier height for boosting visible-light-driven hydrogen evolution

Rapid charge carrier recombination rate and insufficient light harvesting capacity are two dominat-ing drawbacks encountered in zinc indium sulfide(ZnIn_(2)S_(4))for photocatalytic applications.Herein,a chemical reduction method was performed to combine bimetallic Ag-Pd alloy nanoparticles(NPs)with spherical-like ZnIn_(2)S_(4)(ZIS).By optimizing Ag:Pd molar ratio and overall loading amount,the optimal Ag_(0.25)Pd_(0.75)-ZIS sample exhibited a maximum H_(2)evolution rate(125.4μmol/h)under visible light,which was higher than that of ZIS,Ag-ZIS and Pd-ZIS.The loading of Ag NPs contribution to PHE reaction by its plasmonic effect was negligible compared to that of Pd loading(Schottky effect).The apparent quan-tum yield(AQY)values over Ag_(0.25)Pd_(0.75)-ZIS sample could reach up to 18.3%at 400 nm and 15.8%at 420 nm.The enhanced activity for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution(PHE)over Ag_(0.25)Pd_(0.75)-ZIS sample was mainly due to the bimetallic synergistic effect that presented as follows.Firstly,the plasmon hy-bridization by loading Ag-Pd bimetallic alloy can significantly increase light harvesting capacity of ZIS.Secondly,the optimal Schottky barrier height formed between Ag-Pd alloy and ZIS interface was benefi-cial for prolonging electron-hole pair lifetimes,promoting charge carrier separation and thus facilitating PHE efficiency.Density functional theory(DFT)analysis indicated that the adsorption energy of H∗over Pd_(0.75)Ag_(0.25)alloy was very close to zero and thus theoretically possessed the highest activity for H_(2)evo-lution,which is in line with experimental results.Combined theoretical calculation with experimental results,a reasonable photocatalytic mechanism was proposed and verified.

Enhancing the antitumor activity of an engineered TRAIL-coated oncolytic adenovirus for treating acute myeloid leukemia

The use of oncolytic viruses has emerged as a promising therapeutic approach due to the features of these viruses,which selectively replicate and destroy tumor cells while sparing normal cells.Although numerous oncolytic viruses have been developed for testing in solid tumors,only a few have been reported to target acute myeloid leukemia(AML)and overall patient survival has remained low.We previously developed the oncolytic adenovirus rAd5pz-zTRAIL-RFP-SΔ24E1a(A4),which carries the viral capsid protein IX linked to tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand(TRAIL)and results in increased infection of cancer cells and improved tumor targeting.To further improve the therapeutic potential of A4 by enhancing the engagement of virus and leukemia cells,we generated a new version of A4,zA4,by coating A4 with additional soluble TRAIL that is fused with a leucine zipper-like dimerization domain(zipper).ZA4 resulted in enhanced infectivity and significant inhibition of the proliferation of AML cells from cell lines and primary patient samples that expressed moderate levels of TRAIL-related receptors.ZA4 also elicited enhanced anti-AML activity in vivo compared with A4 and an unmodified oncolytic adenoviral vector.In addition,we found that the ginsenoside Rh2 upregulated the expression of TRAIL receptors and consequently enhanced the antitumor activity of zA4.Our results indicate that the oncolytic virus zA4 might be a promising new agent for treating hematopoietic malignancies such as AML.

Role of Intracellular Distribution of Feline and Bovine SAMHD1 Proteins in Lentiviral Restriction

Human SAMHD1(h SAM)restricts lentiviruses at the reverse transcription step through its d NTP triphosphohydrolase(d NTPase)activity.Besides humans,several mammalian species such as cats and cows that carry their own lentiviruses also express SAMHD1.However,the intracellular distribution of feline and bovine SAMHD1(f SAM and b SAM)and its significance in their lentiviral restriction function is not known.Here,we demonstrated that f SAM and b SAM were both predominantly localized to the nucleus and nuclear localization signal(11KRPR14)-deleted f SAM and b SAM relocalized to the cytoplasm.Both cytoplasmic f SAM and b SAM retained the antiviral function against different lentiviruses and cytoplasmic f SAM could restrict Vpx-encoding SIV and HIV-2 more efficiently than its wild-type(WT)protein as cytoplasmic h SAM.Further investigation revealed that cytoplasmic f SAM was resistant to Vpx-induced degradation like cytoplasmic h SAM,while cytoplasmic b SAM was not,but they all demonstrated the same in vitro d NTPase activity and all could interact with Vpx as their WT proteins,indicating that cytoplasmic h SAM and f SAM can suppress more SIV and HIV-2 by being less sensitive to Vpx-mediated degradation.Our results suggested that f SAM-and b SAM-mediated lentiviral restriction does not require their nuclear localization and that f SAM shares more common features with h SAM.These findings may provide insights for the establishment of alternative animal models to study SAMHD1 in vivo.

Monitoring intracellular pH fluctuation with an excited-state intramolecular proton transfer-based ratiometric fluorescent sensor

Intracellular pH is a key parameter related to various biological and pathological processes.In this study,a ratiometric pH fluorescent sensor ABTT was developed harnessing the amino-type excited-state intramolecular proton transfer(ESIPT) process.Relying on whether the ESIPT proceeds normally or not,ABTT exhibited the yellow fluorescence in acidic media,or cyan fluorescence in basic condition.According to the variation,ABTT behaved as a promising sensor which possessed fast and reversible response to pH change without interference from the biological substances,and exported a steady ratiometric signal(I_(478)/I_(546)).Moreover,due to the ESIPT effect,large Stokes shift and high quantum yield were also exhibited in ABTT.Furthermore,ABTT was applied for monitoring the pH changes in living cells and visualizing the pH fluctuations under oxidative stress successfully.These results elucidated great potential of ABTT in understanding pH-dependent physiological and pathological processes.

Community structure and activity potentials of archaeal communities in hadal sediments of the Mariana and Mussau trenches

Hadal trenches are the least explored marine habitat on earth. Archaea has been shown to be the dominant group in trench sediments. However, the activity potentials and detailed diversity of these communities as well as their inter-trench variations are still not known. In this study, we combined datasets from two pairs of primers to investigate at high resolution the structure and activity potentials of the archaeal communities in vertically sectioned sediment cores taken from the deepest points of the Mariana (10,853 m) and Mussau (7011 m) trenches. The compositions of the potentially active communities revealed, via 16S ribosomal RNA gene (rDNA) and RNA (rRNA), significant differences between samples. Marine Group I (MGI), with nine identified subgroups, was the most dominant class in the active archaeal communities of the two trenches. Significantly different species composition and vertical variations were observed between the two trenches. Vertical transitions from aerobic MGI α to anaerobic MGI η and υ subgroups were observed in MST but not in MT sediments, which might be related to the faster microbial oxygen consumption in MST. These results provide a better understanding on archaeal activity and diversity in trench sediments.