ENTIRE SOLUTIONS OF LOTKA-VOLTERRA COMPETITION SYSTEMS WITH NONLOCAL DISPERSAL

This paper is mainly concerned with entire solutions of the following two-species Lotka-Volterra competition system with nonlocal(convolution)dispersals:{u_(t)=k*u-u+u(1-u-av),x∈R,t∈R,vt=d(k*v-v)+rv(1-v-bu),c∈R,t∈R.(0.1)Here a≠1,b≠1,d,and r are positive constants.By studying the eigenvalue problem of(0.1)linearized at(ϕc(ξ),0),we construct a pair of super-and sub-solutions for(0.1),and then establish the existence of entire solutions originating from(ϕc(ξ),0)as t→−∞,whereϕc denotes the traveling wave solution of the nonlocal Fisher-KPP equation ut=k*u−u+u(1−u).Moreover,we give a detailed description on the long-time behavior of such entire solutions as t→∞.Compared to the known works on the Lotka-Volterra competition system with classical diffusions,this paper overcomes many difficulties due to the appearance of nonlocal dispersal operators.

Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of chalcone analogues with novel dual antioxidant mechanisms as potential anti-ischemic stroke agents

Scavenging reactive oxygen species(ROS) by antioxidants is the important therapy to cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury(CIRI) in stroke. The antioxidant with novel dual-antioxidant mechanism of directly scavenging ROS and indirectly through antioxidant pathway activation may be a promising CIRI therapeutic strategy. In our study, a series of chalcone analogues were designed and synthesized, and multiple potential chalcone analogues with dual antioxidant mechanisms were screened. Among these compounds, the most active 33 not only conferred cytoprotection of H2 O2-induced oxidative damage in PC12 cells through scavenging free radicals directly and activating NRF2/ARE antioxidant pathway at the same time, but also played an important role against ischemia/reperfusion-related brain injury in animals. More importantly, in comparison with mono-antioxidant mechanism compounds, 33 exhibited higher cytoprotective and neuroprotective potential in vitro and in vivo. Overall, our findings showed compound 33 couldemerge as a promising anti-ischemic stroke drug candidate and provided novel dual-antioxidant mechanism strategies and concepts for oxidative stress-related diseases treatment.

Pulsating waves and entire solutions for a spatially periodic nonlocal dispersal system with a quiescent stage

This paper deals with the pulsating waves and entire solutions for a spatially periodic nonlocal dispersal model with a quiescent stage. By the method of super-and subsolutions together with the comparison principle, we establish the existence of pulsating waves with any speed larger than the spreading speed. The construction of the super-and subsolutions depends on the principal eigenvalue theory for a periodic eigenvalue problem with partially degenerate nonlocal dispersal. The joint results of this paper and our recent work(Wang J B, Li W T, Sun J W. Global dynamics and spreading speeds for a partially degenerate system with non-local dispersal in periodic habitats. Proc Roy Soc Edinburgh Sect A, 2018, 148: 849–880) show that the spreading speed coincides with the minimal wave speed of pulsating waves for the considered system. Moreover, combining the rightward and leftward pulsating waves with different speeds and a spatially periodic solution, we prove the existence and qualitative properties of entire solutions other than pulsating waves, which provide some new spreading ways in a heterogeneous habitat.

MicroRNA-29b suppresses TGF-β-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition in renal interstitium of spontaneously hypertensive rats

To the Editor:Hypertension is a well-known cardiovascular disease in which the kidney is an important target due to its role in the regulation of fluid,electrolyte balance,and blood pressure.^([1])Glomerulosclerosis,renal tubule interstitial fibrosis,and proteinuria are the main pathological characteristics of hypertensive kidney injury.^([2])

Author correction to ‘Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of chalcone analogues with novel dual antioxidant mechanisms as potential anti-ischemic stroke agents’ [Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 9 (2019) 335e350]

The authors regret that there was a picture error in Fig.5D and Fig.5E,owing to the authors’mistakes of copying and pasting in the process of assembling figures and making a diagram.In Fig.5D,the image of the edaravone 6 h group(ED-6h group)was repeated with the model group(NS group),and thus the image of the ED-6h group needs to be corrected.In Fig.5E,the data of the edaravone 3h group(ED-3h group)was repeated with the 336h group(33-6h group),and thus the data of the ED-3h group needs to be corrected.