Uniform Hölder Bounds for Competition Systems with Strong Interaction on a Subdomain

We prove the uniform Hölder bounds of solutions to a singularly perturbed elliptic system arising in competing models in population dynamics. In this system, two species compete to some extent throughout the whole domain but compete strongly on a subdomain. The proof relies upon the blow up technique and the monotonicity formula by Alt, Caffarelli and Friedman.

Low infrared emitter from Ti3C2Tx MXene towards highly-efficient electric/solar and passive radiative heating

Realizing all-day and all-weather energy-saving heating is crucial for mitigating the global energy and ecology crisis.Electric/solar heating are two promising heating approaches,yet materials with high elec-trical conductivity,high solar absorptivity,and low infrared emissivity at the same time are rare in na-ture,which are highly anticipated and of great significance for highly efficient electric/solar heating.In this work,we demonstrate that Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x) MXene with low IR emissivity(14.5%)fills the gap in the absence of the above materials,exhibiting a remarkable electric/solar heating performance.The saturated heating temperature of Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x) film reaches a record-high value of 201°C at a low driving voltage of 1.5 V,and reaches 84.3°C under practical solar irradiation(750 W/m^(2))with a high solar to the thermal conversion efficiency of 75.3%,which is far superior to other reported materials.Meanwhile,the low IR emissivity endows Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x) with a remarkable passive radiative heating capability of 7.0°C,ensuring zero-energy heating without electric/solar energy supply.The intrinsic characteristic of high electrical conductivity,high solar absorptivity,and low IR emissivity makes Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x) unique existence in nature,which is highly promising for all-day and all-weather energy-saving heating.

An integrative protocol for one‑step PCR amplicon library construction and accurate demultiplexing of pooled sequencing data

High-throughput sequencing of amplicons has been widely used to precisely and efficiently identify species compositions and analyze community structures,greatly promoting biological studies involving large amounts of complex samples,especially those involving environmental and pathogen-monitoring ones.Commercial library preparation kits for amplicon sequencing,which generally require multiple steps,including adapter ligation and indexing,are expensive and time-consuming,especially for applications at a large scale.To overcome these limitations,a“one-step PCR approach”has been previously proposed for constructions of amplicon libraries using long fusion primers.However,efficient amplifications of target genes and accurate demultiplexing of pooled sequencing data remain to be addressed.To tackle these,we present an integrative protocol for one-step PCR amplicon library construction(OSPALC).High-quality reads have been generated by this approach to reliably identify species compositions of mock bacterial communities and environmental samples.With this protocol,the amplicon library is constructed through one regular PCR with long primers,and the total cost per DNA/cDNA sample decreases to just 7%of the typical cost via the multi-step PCR approach.Empirically tested primers and optimized PCR conditions to construct OSPALC libraries for 16S rDNA V4 regions are demonstrated as a case study.Tools to design primers targeting at any genomic regions are also presented.In principle,OSPALC can be readily applied to construct amplicon libraries of any target genes using DNA or RNA samples,and will facilitate research in numerous fields.