Tumor biomarkers,the substances which are produced by tumors or the body’s responses to tumors during tumorigenesis and progression,have been demonstrated to possess critical and encouraging value in screening and ea...Tumor biomarkers,the substances which are produced by tumors or the body’s responses to tumors during tumorigenesis and progression,have been demonstrated to possess critical and encouraging value in screening and early diagnosis,prognosis prediction,recurrence detection,and therapeutic efficacy monitoring of cancers.Over the past decades,continuous progress has been made in exploring and discovering novel,sensitive,specific,and accurate tumor biomarkers,which has significantly promoted personalized medicine and improved the outcomes of cancer patients,especially advances in molecular biology technologies developed for the detection of tumor biomarkers.Herein,we summarize the discovery and development of tumor biomarkers,including the history of tumor biomarkers,the conventional and innovative technologies used for biomarker discovery and detection,the classification of tumor biomarkers based on tissue origins,and the application of tumor biomarkers in clinical cancer management.In particular,we highlight the recent advancements in biomarker-based anticancer-targeted therapies which are emerging as breakthroughs and promising cancer therapeutic strategies.We also discuss limitations and challenges that need to be addressed and provide insights and perspectives to turn challenges into opportunities in this field.Collectively,the discovery and application of multiple tumor biomarkers emphasized in this review may provide guidance on improved precision medicine,broaden horizons in future research directions,and expedite the clinical classification of cancer patients according to their molecular biomarkers rather than organs of origin.展开更多
In this paper,it is shown that for a minimal system(X,G),if H is a normal subgroup of G with finite index n,then X can be decomposed into n components of closed sets such that each component is minimal under H-action....In this paper,it is shown that for a minimal system(X,G),if H is a normal subgroup of G with finite index n,then X can be decomposed into n components of closed sets such that each component is minimal under H-action.Meanwhile,we prove that for a residual set of points in a minimal system with finitely many commuting homeomorphisms,the set of return times to any non-empty open set contains arbitrarily long geometric progressions in multidimension,extending a previous result by Glasscock,Koutsogiannis and Richter.展开更多
基金supported by 135 Project for Disciplines of Excellence of West China Hospital Sichuan University(ZYGD23011)National Natural Sciences Foundation of China(882272716)Natural Sciences Foundation of Sichuan(2022NSFSC0053).
文摘Tumor biomarkers,the substances which are produced by tumors or the body’s responses to tumors during tumorigenesis and progression,have been demonstrated to possess critical and encouraging value in screening and early diagnosis,prognosis prediction,recurrence detection,and therapeutic efficacy monitoring of cancers.Over the past decades,continuous progress has been made in exploring and discovering novel,sensitive,specific,and accurate tumor biomarkers,which has significantly promoted personalized medicine and improved the outcomes of cancer patients,especially advances in molecular biology technologies developed for the detection of tumor biomarkers.Herein,we summarize the discovery and development of tumor biomarkers,including the history of tumor biomarkers,the conventional and innovative technologies used for biomarker discovery and detection,the classification of tumor biomarkers based on tissue origins,and the application of tumor biomarkers in clinical cancer management.In particular,we highlight the recent advancements in biomarker-based anticancer-targeted therapies which are emerging as breakthroughs and promising cancer therapeutic strategies.We also discuss limitations and challenges that need to be addressed and provide insights and perspectives to turn challenges into opportunities in this field.Collectively,the discovery and application of multiple tumor biomarkers emphasized in this review may provide guidance on improved precision medicine,broaden horizons in future research directions,and expedite the clinical classification of cancer patients according to their molecular biomarkers rather than organs of origin.
文摘In this paper,it is shown that for a minimal system(X,G),if H is a normal subgroup of G with finite index n,then X can be decomposed into n components of closed sets such that each component is minimal under H-action.Meanwhile,we prove that for a residual set of points in a minimal system with finitely many commuting homeomorphisms,the set of return times to any non-empty open set contains arbitrarily long geometric progressions in multidimension,extending a previous result by Glasscock,Koutsogiannis and Richter.
