Understanding the underlying mechanisms and links between genome evolution and adaptive innovations stands as a key goal in evolutionary studies.Poplars,among the world’s most widely distributed and cultivated trees,...Understanding the underlying mechanisms and links between genome evolution and adaptive innovations stands as a key goal in evolutionary studies.Poplars,among the world’s most widely distributed and cultivated trees,exhibit extensive phenotypic diversity and environmental adaptability.In this study,we present a genus-level super-pangenome comprising 19 Populus genomes,revealing the likely pivotal role of private genes in facilitating local environmental and climate adaptation.Through the integration of pangenomes with transcriptomes,methylomes,and chromatin accessibility mapping,we unveil that the evolutionary trajectories of pangenes and duplicated genes are closely linked to local genomic landscapes of regulatory and epigenetic architectures,notably CG methylation in gene-body regions.Further comparative genomic analyses have enabled the identification of 142202 structural variants across species that intersect with a significant number of genes and contribute substantially to both phenotypic and adaptive divergence.We have experimentally validated a∼180-bp presence/absence variant affecting the expression of the CUC2 gene,crucial for leaf serration formation.Finally,we developed a user-friendly web-based tool encompassing the multi-omics resources associated with the Populus super-pangenome(http://www.populus-superpangenome.com).Together,the present pioneering super-pangenome resource in forest trees not only aids in the advancement of breeding efforts of this globally important tree genus but also offers valuable insights into potential avenues for comprehending tree biology.展开更多
The present study describes the facile preparation of acid/CO2 stimuliresponsive sheddable nanoparticles based on carboxymethylated chitosan(CMCS).Commercially available CMCS was grafted with monomethoxy polyethylene ...The present study describes the facile preparation of acid/CO2 stimuliresponsive sheddable nanoparticles based on carboxymethylated chitosan(CMCS).Commercially available CMCS was grafted with monomethoxy polyethylene glycol(mPEG)chains via an acid/CO2 responsive linker,i.e.,benzoic-imine,and then was used for the cross-linking with CaCI2.With a high CMCS concentration up to 7 mg/mL,stable nanoparticles were successfully prepared.The particle size grew slightly with increasing the molecular weight of mPEG.When the concentration of CaCI2 and the feed ratio of CMCS to mPEG increased,the particle size decreased at first and then increased after reaching a minimum size.When the particles were stimulated by CO2 or acid,benzoic.imine cleaved quickly,and mPEG fell off the nanoparticles simultaneously,and then flocculation and precipitation occurred.These sheddable nanoparticles might have potential application in the biomedical field in eluding the intelligent drug delivery system.展开更多
Flexible sensors have been widely investigated due to their broad application prospects in various flexible electronics.However,most of the presently studied flexible sensors are only suitable for working at room temp...Flexible sensors have been widely investigated due to their broad application prospects in various flexible electronics.However,most of the presently studied flexible sensors are only suitable for working at room temperature,and their applications at high or low temperatures are still a big challenge.In this work,we present a multimodal flexible sensor based on functional oxide La0.7Sr0.3MnO3(LSMO)thin film deposited on mica substrate.As a strain sensor,it shows excellent sensitivity to mechanical bending and high bending durability(up to 3600 cycles).Moreover,the LSMO/Mica sensor also shows a sensitive response to the magnetic field,implying its multimodal sensing ability.Most importantly,it can work in a wide temperature range from extreme low temperature down to 20K to high temperature up to 773 K.The flexible sensor based on the flexible LSMO/mica hetero-structure shows great potential applications for flexible electronics using at extreme temperature environment in the future.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFD2201200 to J.W.and 2021YFD2200202 to T.Y.and J.L.)National Natural Science Foundation of China(32371695 and 31971567 to J.W.)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2023SCUNL105 and SCU2022D003 to J.W.).
文摘Understanding the underlying mechanisms and links between genome evolution and adaptive innovations stands as a key goal in evolutionary studies.Poplars,among the world’s most widely distributed and cultivated trees,exhibit extensive phenotypic diversity and environmental adaptability.In this study,we present a genus-level super-pangenome comprising 19 Populus genomes,revealing the likely pivotal role of private genes in facilitating local environmental and climate adaptation.Through the integration of pangenomes with transcriptomes,methylomes,and chromatin accessibility mapping,we unveil that the evolutionary trajectories of pangenes and duplicated genes are closely linked to local genomic landscapes of regulatory and epigenetic architectures,notably CG methylation in gene-body regions.Further comparative genomic analyses have enabled the identification of 142202 structural variants across species that intersect with a significant number of genes and contribute substantially to both phenotypic and adaptive divergence.We have experimentally validated a∼180-bp presence/absence variant affecting the expression of the CUC2 gene,crucial for leaf serration formation.Finally,we developed a user-friendly web-based tool encompassing the multi-omics resources associated with the Populus super-pangenome(http://www.populus-superpangenome.com).Together,the present pioneering super-pangenome resource in forest trees not only aids in the advancement of breeding efforts of this globally important tree genus but also offers valuable insights into potential avenues for comprehending tree biology.
基金This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(2016CFB329)the Science and Technology Research Program of Hubei Provincial Department of Education(B2016260)the Scientific Research and Technological Development Program of Jingmen City(YFYB2016021).
文摘The present study describes the facile preparation of acid/CO2 stimuliresponsive sheddable nanoparticles based on carboxymethylated chitosan(CMCS).Commercially available CMCS was grafted with monomethoxy polyethylene glycol(mPEG)chains via an acid/CO2 responsive linker,i.e.,benzoic-imine,and then was used for the cross-linking with CaCI2.With a high CMCS concentration up to 7 mg/mL,stable nanoparticles were successfully prepared.The particle size grew slightly with increasing the molecular weight of mPEG.When the concentration of CaCI2 and the feed ratio of CMCS to mPEG increased,the particle size decreased at first and then increased after reaching a minimum size.When the particles were stimulated by CO2 or acid,benzoic.imine cleaved quickly,and mPEG fell off the nanoparticles simultaneously,and then flocculation and precipitation occurred.These sheddable nanoparticles might have potential application in the biomedical field in eluding the intelligent drug delivery system.
基金This work was supported financially by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51872099)the Project for Guangdong Province Universities and Colleges Pearl River Scholar Funded Scheme(2016),the Guangdong Innovative Research Team Program(No.2013C102)+1 种基金the Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology(No.2017B030301007)Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou(No.2019050001).
文摘Flexible sensors have been widely investigated due to their broad application prospects in various flexible electronics.However,most of the presently studied flexible sensors are only suitable for working at room temperature,and their applications at high or low temperatures are still a big challenge.In this work,we present a multimodal flexible sensor based on functional oxide La0.7Sr0.3MnO3(LSMO)thin film deposited on mica substrate.As a strain sensor,it shows excellent sensitivity to mechanical bending and high bending durability(up to 3600 cycles).Moreover,the LSMO/Mica sensor also shows a sensitive response to the magnetic field,implying its multimodal sensing ability.Most importantly,it can work in a wide temperature range from extreme low temperature down to 20K to high temperature up to 773 K.The flexible sensor based on the flexible LSMO/mica hetero-structure shows great potential applications for flexible electronics using at extreme temperature environment in the future.